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Virology Journal
Published in: Virology Journal 1/2007

Open Access 01-12-2007 | Research

Viroporin potential of the lentivirus lytic peptide (LLP) domains of the HIV-1 gp41 protein

Authors: Joshua M Costin, Joshua M Rausch, Robert F Garry, William C Wimley

Published in: Virology Journal | Issue 1/2007

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Abstract

Background

Mechanisms by which HIV-1 mediates reductions in CD4+ cell levels in infected persons are being intensely investigated, and have broad implications for AIDS drug and vaccine development. Virally induced changes in membrane ionic permeability induced by lytic viruses of many families contribute to cytopathogenesis. HIV-1 induces disturbances in plasma membrane ion transport. The carboxyl terminus of TM (gp41) contains potential amphipathic α-helical motifs identified through their structural similarities to naturally occurring cytolytic peptides. These sequences have been dubbed lentiviral lytic peptides (LLP) -1, -2, and -3.

Results

Peptides corresponding to the LLP domains (from a clade B virus) partition into lipid membranes, fold into α-helices and disrupt model membrane permeability. A peptide corresponding to the LLP-1 domain of a clade D HIV-1 virus, LLP-1D displayed similar activity to the LLP-1 domain of the clade B virus in all assays, despite a lack of amino acid sequence identity.

Conclusion

These results suggest that the C-terminal domains of HIV-1 Env proteins may form an ion channel, or viroporin. Increased understanding of the function of LLP domains and their role in the viral replication cycle could allow for the development of novel HIV drugs.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Viroporin potential of the lentivirus lytic peptide (LLP) domains of the HIV-1 gp41 protein
Authors
Joshua M Costin
Joshua M Rausch
Robert F Garry
William C Wimley
Publication date
01-12-2007
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Virology Journal / Issue 1/2007
Electronic ISSN: 1743-422X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-422X-4-123

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