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Immunologic Research
Published in: Immunologic Research 6/2022

18-08-2022 | Vaccination | Original Article

The effect of the BNT162b2 vaccine on antinuclear antibody and antiphospholipid antibody levels

Authors: Hussein A. Noureldine, Julian Maamari, Mohamad Othman El Helou, Georges Chedid, Anna Farra, Roula Husni, Jacques E. Mokhbat

Published in: Immunologic Research | Issue 6/2022

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Abstract

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech) in December 2020. New adverse events have emerged since these vaccines have reached market. Although no clear association between messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccines and autoimmunity has emerged, the significance of such an association warrants further exploration. After obtaining consent, a standardized survey on baseline characteristics and other relevant variables was conducted on unvaccinated individuals who were scheduled for vaccination and had not previously contracted COVID-19. Blood samples were collected from participants prior to the first dose, prior to the second dose, and 1 month after the second dose. All collected samples were tested for antinuclear antibody (ANA) titers using indirect immunofluorescence microscopy kits, and antiphospholipid (APS) immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels using an enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) technique. ANA titers were positive for 9 participants out of 101 (8.9%) in the first pre-vaccination draw. For the second draw, the number of participants testing positive for ANA decreased to 5 (5%). For the last draw, 6 (5.9%) participants tested positive for ANA titers. One participant tested positive for APS IgM at the first pre-vaccination draw, 2 tested positive at the second draw, and 2 at the third draw. As for APS IgG titers, all participants tested negative in the three draws. McNemar’s test for two dependent categorical outcomes was conducted on all variables and did not show a statistical significance. The McNemar test of these two composite variables (i.e., ANA/APS, first draw vs. ANA/APS, second and third draws) did not show statistical significance. The 2-sided exact significance of the McNemar test was 1.0. The Friedman test also showed no significance (p = 0.459). No association was found between BNT162b2 vaccine administration and changes in APS and ANA titers. The benefits of the BNT162b2 vaccine significantly outweigh any possible risk of autoimmune dysregulation considering the current evidence.
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Metadata
Title
The effect of the BNT162b2 vaccine on antinuclear antibody and antiphospholipid antibody levels
Authors
Hussein A. Noureldine
Julian Maamari
Mohamad Othman El Helou
Georges Chedid
Anna Farra
Roula Husni
Jacques E. Mokhbat
Publication date
18-08-2022
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Immunologic Research / Issue 6/2022
Print ISSN: 0257-277X
Electronic ISSN: 1559-0755
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12026-022-09309-5

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