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Open Access 01-12-2023 | Urothelial Cancer | Research

Low expression of ZSCAN4 predicts unfavorable outcome in urothelial carcinoma of upper urinary tract and urinary bladder

Authors: Hong-Lin He, Hong-Yue Lai, Ti-Chun Chan, Chung-Hsi Hsing, Steven K. Huang, Kun-Lin Hsieh, Tzu-Ju Chen, Wan-Shan Li, Yu-Hsuan Kuo, Yow-Ling Shiue, Chien-Feng Li

Published in: World Journal of Surgical Oncology | Issue 1/2023

Abstract

Background

With the advance in genome-wide analyses, genetic alternations have been found to play an important role in carcinogenesis and aggressiveness of UC. Through bioinformatic analysis of gene expression profiles of urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma (UBUC) from publicly available GEO dataset (GSE31684), Zinc finger and SCAN domain containing 4 (ZSCAN4) was identified as a significant downregulated gene in muscle-invasive bladder cancer when compared with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Methods

The expression of ZSCAN4 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 340 upper urinary tract urothelial carcinomas (UTUCs) and 295 UBUCs. The expression profiles of ZSCAN4 and potential signaling pathways were analyzed bioinformatically.

Results

In UTUC, low expression of ZSCAN4 was significantly associated with advanced primary pT stage (P = 0.011), increased nodal metastasis (P = 0.002) and increased vascular invasion (P = 0.019). In UBUC, low expression of ZSCAN4 was significantly correlated with advanced primary pT stage (P < 0.001), increased nodal metastasis (P = 0.001), high histological grade (P = 0.003) and increased vascular invasion (P = 0.003). In survival analysis, low expression of ZSCAN4 acted as an independent negative prognostic factor for disease-specific survival and metastasis-free survival both in UTUC and UBUC. Gene ontology analysis showed that ZSCAN4 mRNA and its co-downregulated genes are associated with the mitotic cell cycle.

Conclusions

Low expression of ZSCAN4 predicted worse outcome in urothelial carcinoma and might have potential regulatory role in cell mitosis.

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Title: Low expression of ZSCAN4 predicts unfavorable outcome in urothelial carcinoma of upper urinary tract and urinary bladder
Authors: Hong-Lin He
Hong-Yue Lai
Ti-Chun Chan
Chung-Hsi Hsing
Steven K. Huang
Kun-Lin Hsieh
Tzu-Ju Chen
Wan-Shan Li
Yu-Hsuan Kuo
Yow-Ling Shiue
Chien-Feng Li
Publication date: 01-12-2023
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keywords: Urothelial Cancer
Urothelial Cancer
Published in: World Journal of Surgical Oncology / Issue 1/2023
Electronic ISSN: 1477-7819
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12957-023-02948-4

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Low expression of ZSCAN4 predicts unfavorable outcome in urothelial carcinoma of upper urinary tract and urinary bladder

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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