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Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology
Published in: Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology 2/2013

01-04-2013

Type I Interferons: Beneficial in Th1 and Detrimental in Th17 Autoimmunity

Authors: Robert C. Axtell, Chander Raman, Lawrence Steinman

Published in: Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology | Issue 2/2013

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Abstract

In relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), type I interferon (IFN) is considered immuno-modulatory, and recombinant forms of IFN-β are the most prescribed treatment for this disease. However, within the RRMS population, 30–50% of MS patients are nonresponsive to this treatment, and it consistently worsens neuromyelitis optica (NMO), a disease once considered to be a form of RRMS. In contrast to RRMS, type I IFNs have been shown to have properties that drive the inflammatory pathologies in many other autoimmune diseases. These diseases include Sjögren's syndrome, system lupus erythematosus (SLE), neuromyelitis optica (NMO), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriasis. Historically, autoimmune diseases were thought to be driven by a TH1 response to auto-antigens. However, since the discovery of the TH17 in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), it is now generally thought that TH17 plays an important role in MS and all other autoimmune diseases. In this article, we will discuss recent clinical and basic research advances in the field of autoimmunity and argue that IFN-β and other type I IFNs are immuno-modulatory in diseases driven predominantly by TH1 but in contrast are inflammatory in diseases that have a predominant Th17 response.
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Metadata
Title
Type I Interferons: Beneficial in Th1 and Detrimental in Th17 Autoimmunity
Authors
Robert C. Axtell
Chander Raman
Lawrence Steinman
Publication date
01-04-2013
Publisher
Humana Press Inc
Published in
Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology / Issue 2/2013
Print ISSN: 1080-0549
Electronic ISSN: 1559-0267
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016-011-8296-5

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