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Retrovirus 

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  1. Open Access 08-05-2024 | Multiple Sclerosis | Online First

    Human endogenous retrovirus W in multiple sclerosis: transcriptional activity is associated with decline in oligodendrocyte proportions in the white matter of the brain

    Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease. One of the basic mechanisms in this disease is the autoimmune response against the myelin sheet leading to axonal damage. There is strong evidence showing that this response …

  2. 01-12-2023 | Retrovirus | OriginalPaper

    Investigation of koala retrovirus in captive koalas with pneumonia and comparative analysis of subtype distribution

    This study focused on the involvement of koala retrovirus (KoRV) in pneumonia in koalas. Three deceased pneumonic koalas from a Japanese zoo were examined in this study. Hematological and histopathological findings were assessed, and KoRV proviral …

  3. Open Access 01-12-2023 | Glioma | ReviewPaper

    The epitranscriptome of high-grade gliomas: a promising therapeutic target with implications from the tumor microenvironment to endogenous retroviruses

    Glioblastoma (GBM) comprises 45.6% of all primary malignant brain cancers and is one of the most common and aggressive intracranial tumors in adults. Intratumoral heterogeneity with a wide range of proteomic, genetic, and epigenetic dysregulation …

  4. Open Access 01-12-2023 | Retrovirus | OriginalPaper

    Activation of endogenous retrovirus triggers microglial immuno-inflammation and contributes to negative emotional behaviors in mice with chronic stress

    Psychiatric disorders characterized with high recurrence, high mortality, high morbidity, and high diseases burden, affect 970.1 million cases with an increase of 48.1% between 1990 and 2019, and are increasingly recognized as leading causes of …

  5. 16-12-2022 | Retrovirus | OriginalPaper

    Clinical significance of human endogenous retrovirus K (HERV-K) in multiple myeloma progression

    Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are retrotransposons that infect human germline cells and occupy 5–8% of the human genome. Their expression, though inhibited by mutation, deletion, and epigenetic mechanisms under normal conditions, is …

  6. Open Access 01-12-2019 | Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis | ReviewPaper

    Human Endogenous Retroviruses and Type 1 Diabetes

    The etiopathogenesis of some diseases has remained elusive, particularly for those involving a complex interplay between environmental and genetic factors, such as autoimmune diseases. Past decades have witnessed the development of a new …

  7. 01-04-2020 | Colorectal Cancer | OriginalPaper

    Human endogenous retroviruses env gene expression and long terminal repeat methylation in colorectal cancer patients

    Human endogenous retroviruses (HERV) are remnants of exogenous retroviral infections, representing 8% of the human genome. Their regulation is based on the DNA methylation of promoters, the long terminal repeats (LTRs). Transcripts from HERV have …

  8. Open Access 01-12-2020 | Breast Cancer | OriginalPaper

    Is the HERV-K HML-2 Xq21.33, an endogenous retrovirus mutated by gene conversion of chromosome X in a subset of African populations, associated with human breast cancer?

    The human endogenous retroviruses HERV-K HML-2 have been considered a possible cause of human breast cancer (BrC). A HERV-K HML-2 fully intact provirus Xq21.33 was recently identified in some West African people. We used PCR technology to search …

  9. 01-06-2019 | Retrovirus | OriginalPaper

    Human endogenous retrovirus, HERV-P and HERV-R in pediatric leukemia patients

    The “HERVs” (human endogenous retroviruses) are a family of endogenous retroviruses integrated into the germ cell DNA of primate over than 30 million years ago. HERV expression seems impaired in several diseases, ranging from autoimmune to …

  10. 01-06-2022 | Warfarin | OriginalPaper

    Protective Roles of Xenotropic and Polytropic Retrovirus Receptor 1 (XPR1) in Uremic Vascular Calcification

    Cellular phosphate transporters play critical roles in the pathogenesis of vascular calcification (VC) in chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the mechanistic link between VC and xenotropic and polytropic receptor 1 (XPR1), a newly identified …

  11. Open Access 01-12-2019 | Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis | OriginalPaper

    Quantitative analysis of human endogenous retrovirus-K transcripts in postmortem premotor cortex fails to confirm elevated expression of HERV-K RNA in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

    Over the past two decades a number of studies have demonstrated activity of the retroviral enzyme reverse transcriptase in the serum of patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Known human exogenous retroviruses such as HIV-1 …

  12. 01-01-2023 | BriefCommunication

    Detection and genetic characterization of feline retroviruses in domestic cats with different clinical signs and hematological alterations

    Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) are globally distributed retroviruses that infect domestic cats and cause various syndromes that can lead to death. The aim of this study was to detect and genotype feline …

  13. 01-08-2021 | Celiac Disease | OriginalPaper

    Overexpression of endogenous retroviruses in children with celiac disease

    Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) represent 8% of our genome. Although no longer infectious, they can regulate transcription of adjacent cellular genes, produce retroviral RNAs, and encode viral proteins that can modulate both innate and …

  14. 01-04-2021 | Retrovirus

    The origin of porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERVs)

    Porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERVs) are integrated in the genome of all pigs, and they produce viral particles that are able to infect human cells and therefore pose a special risk for xenotransplantation. In contrast to other pig …

  15. Open Access 01-12-2019 | Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis | Letter

    Response to the Letter from Garcia-Montojo and colleagues concerning our paper entitled, Quantitative analysis of human endogenous retrovirus-K transcripts in postmortem premotor cortex fails to confirm elevated expression of HERV-K RNA in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

    Garcia-Montojo and colleagues point out that nearly half of our controls (11/23) had cancer, although none had cerebral metastases. However, 25% of the controls in their own study [ 11 ] also had cancer. The proportion of controls with cancer is …

  16. 01-12-2020 | Multiple Sclerosis | OriginalPaper

    Temelimab, an IgG4 Anti-Human Endogenous Retrovirus Monoclonal Antibody: An Early Development Safety Review

    Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating central nervous system (CNS) disease frequently starting in early adulthood [ 1 ]. Due to the inflammatory characteristics of MS, treatments inhibiting lymphocyte activation have been …

  17. Open Access 01-12-2022 | OriginalPaper

    Rare isolation of human-tropic recombinant porcine endogenous retroviruses PERV-A/C from Göttingen minipigs

    Porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERVs) are gamma retroviruses integrated in the genome of all pigs. There are three different PERV subtypes: PERV-A, PERV-B and PERV-C [ 1 ]. Whereas PERV-A and PERV-B are integrated in the genome of all pigs …

  18. Open Access 01-12-2021 | EditorialNotes

    Human endogenous retroviruses and ageing

  19. 01-11-2019 | Retrovirus | OriginalPaper

    Coinfection with koala retrovirus subtypes A and B and its impact on captive koalas in Japanese zoos

    Koala retrovirus (KoRV) is unique among endogenous retroviruses because its endogenization is still active. Two major KoRV subtypes, KoRV-A and B, have been described, and KoRV-B is associated with disease and poses a health threat to koalas.

  20. 01-03-2019 | Retrovirus | OriginalPaper

    Molecular dynamics of koala retrovirus infection in captive koalas in Japan

    Koala retrovirus (KoRV) is a gammaretrovirus that is becoming endogenous in koalas. Here, we explored the dynamics of KoRV infection in captive koalas in Japan. We isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 11 koalas, from which we …

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