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Head and Neck Pathology
Published in: Head and Neck Pathology 1/2023

16-03-2023 | Special Issue: Top Ten Head and Neck Differentials

Top Ten Differentials to Mull Over for Head and Neck Myoepithelial Neoplasms

Authors: Lester D. R. Thompson, Bin Xu

Published in: Head and Neck Pathology | Issue 1/2023

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Abstract

Background

Myoepithelial neoplasms of the salivary gland are benign or malignant neoplasms composed exclusively of neoplastic myoepithelial cells. These tumors, including the benign myoepithelioma and the malignant counterpart myoepithelial carcinoma, exhibit a wide range of cytomorphologic features and architectural patterns.

Methods

Review.

Results

Myoepithelial cells can be epithelial, plasmacytoid, clear cell, spindle cell, and/or oncocytic cell, arranging as trabeculae, solid sheets, nests, cords, and/or single cells. A stromal component is commonly but not universally present, Therefore, their differential diagnoses are quite broad, including salivary gland neoplasms especially those with a myoepithelial component, plasmacytoma, melanoma, and various mesenchymal tumors.

Conclusion

In this review, we summarize the characteristic histologic features, useful immunohistochemical panel, and common molecular alterations of myoepithelial tumors and their top differential diagnoses. A logical stepwise algorithmic approach and an immunohistochemical panel to include multiple myoepithelial markers are essential to establish the correct diagnosis.
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Metadata
Title
Top Ten Differentials to Mull Over for Head and Neck Myoepithelial Neoplasms
Authors
Lester D. R. Thompson
Bin Xu
Publication date
16-03-2023
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Head and Neck Pathology / Issue 1/2023
Electronic ISSN: 1936-0568
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12105-022-01502-0

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