Published in:
01-02-2016 | Review
Therapeutic Efficacy of Neurostimulation for Depression: Techniques, Current Modalities, and Future Challenges
Authors:
Hafsah Akhtar, Faiza Bukhari, Misbah Nazir, Muhammad Nabeel Anwar, Adeeb Shahzad
Published in:
Neuroscience Bulletin
|
Issue 1/2016
Login to get access
Abstract
Depression is the most prevalent debilitating mental illness; it is characterized as a disorder of mood, cognitive function, and neurovegetative function. About one in ten individuals experience depression at some stage of their lives. Antidepressant drugs are used to reduce the symptoms but relapse occurs in ~20% of patients. However, alternate therapies like brain stimulation techniques have shown promising results in this regard. This review covers the brain stimulation techniques electroconvulsive therapy, transcranial direct current stimulation, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, vagus nerve stimulation, and deep brain stimulation, which are used as alternatives to antidepressant drugs, and elucidates their research and clinical outcomes.