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Diabetologia
Published in: Diabetologia 7/2009

01-07-2009 | Article

The synthetic liver X receptor agonist GW3965 reduces tissue factor production and inflammatory responses in human islets in vitro

Authors: H. Scholz, T. Lund, M. K. Dahle, J. L. Collins, O. Korsgren, J. E. Wang, A. Foss

Published in: Diabetologia | Issue 7/2009

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Abstract

Aims/hypothesis

Optimising islet culture conditions may be one strategy for reducing islet loss prior to, and immediately after, islet transplantation. Liver X receptor (LXR) agonism has previously been shown to increase insulin release from pancreatic islets and reduce inflammation in leucocytes. Our aim was to investigate whether the synthetic LXR agonist GW3965 could modulate the inflammatory status of human pancreatic islets.

Methods

Levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and tissue factor in isolated human islets were determined by TaqMan low density array and/or real-time quantitative RT-PCR (mRNA levels) and enzyme immunoassay (EIA) (protein levels). Islet viability was measured using intracellular ATP content, ADP/ATP ratio, mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity (XTT assay) and insulin secretion in a dynamic glucose-challenge model. Apoptosis was determined by EIA measurement of histone–DNA complexes present in cytoplasm and by assaying caspase-3/-7 activity.

Results

Treatment of LPS-stimulated human islets with the synthetic LXR agonist GW3965 (1 µmol/l) for 24 h reduced mRNA and protein levels of selected pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-8, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and tissue factor). Moreover, GW3965 had no adverse effect on insulin secretion, islet viability or apoptosis. No excess of lipid accumulation could be detected with the dosage and exposure time used.

Conclusions/interpretation

LXR activation suppresses inflammation in human islets in vitro without adverse effects on islet viability. Short-term moderate activation of LXR prior to islet transplantation may represent a possible strategy for improving post-transplant islet survival.
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Metadata
Title
The synthetic liver X receptor agonist GW3965 reduces tissue factor production and inflammatory responses in human islets in vitro
Authors
H. Scholz
T. Lund
M. K. Dahle
J. L. Collins
O. Korsgren
J. E. Wang
A. Foss
Publication date
01-07-2009
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
Diabetologia / Issue 7/2009
Print ISSN: 0012-186X
Electronic ISSN: 1432-0428
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-009-1366-z

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