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BMC Nephrology
Published in: BMC Nephrology 1/2013

Open Access 01-12-2013 | Study protocol

The natural history of, and risk factors for, progressive Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): the Renal Impairment in Secondary care (RIISC) study; rationale and protocol

Authors: Stephanie Stringer, Praveen Sharma, Mary Dutton, Mark Jesky, Khai Ng, Okdeep Kaur, Iain Chapple, Thomas Dietrich, Charles Ferro, Paul Cockwell

Published in: BMC Nephrology | Issue 1/2013

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Abstract

Background

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects up to 16% of the adult population and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. People at highest risk from progressive CKD are defined by a sustained decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and/or the presence of significant albuminuria/proteinuria and/or more advanced CKD. Accurate mapping of the bio-clinical determinants of this group will enable improved risk stratification and direct the development of better targeted management for people with CKD.

Methods/Design

The Renal Impairment In Secondary Care study is a prospective, observational cohort study, patients with CKD 4 and 5 or CKD 3 and either accelerated progression and/or proteinuria who are managed in secondary care are eligible to participate. Participants undergo a detailed bio-clinical assessment that includes measures of vascular health, periodontal health, quality of life and socio-economic status, clinical assessment and collection of samples for biomarker analysis. The assessments take place at baseline, and at six, 18, 36, 60 and 120 months; the outcomes of interest include cardiovascular events, progression to end stage kidney disease and death.

Discussion

The determinants of progression of chronic kidney disease are not fully understood though there are a number of proposed risk factors for progression (both traditional and novel). This study will provide a detailed bio-clinical phenotype of patients with high-risk chronic kidney disease (high risk of both progression and cardiovascular events) and will repeatedly assess them over a prolonged follow up period. Recruitment commenced in Autumn 2010 and will provide many outputs that will add to the evidence base for progressive chronic kidney disease.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
The natural history of, and risk factors for, progressive Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): the Renal Impairment in Secondary care (RIISC) study; rationale and protocol
Authors
Stephanie Stringer
Praveen Sharma
Mary Dutton
Mark Jesky
Khai Ng
Okdeep Kaur
Iain Chapple
Thomas Dietrich
Charles Ferro
Paul Cockwell
Publication date
01-12-2013
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Nephrology / Issue 1/2013
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2369
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2369-14-95

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