Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
European Journal of Nutrition
Published in: European Journal of Nutrition 3/2019

01-04-2019 | Original Contribution

The interaction between apolipoprotein B insertion/deletion polymorphism and macronutrient intake on lipid profile and serum leptin and ghrelin levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Authors: Masoumeh Rafiee, Gity Sotoudeh, Mahmoud Djalali, Ehsan Alvandi, Mohammadreza Eshraghian, Fatemeh Javadi, Farideh Doostan, Fariba Koohdani

Published in: European Journal of Nutrition | Issue 3/2019

Login to get access

Abstract

Purpose

We aimed to study whether macronutrient intake could modify the association between ApoB Ins/Del and lipid profile, and serum leptin and ghrelin in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.

Methods

In this study, 700 T2DM patients were recruited. Anthropometric, biochemical and molecular data were collected, and Diet was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. The interactions were tested using ANCOVA.

Results

Del-allele carriers with high-MUFA and carbohydrate (≥ 12 and ≥ 54% of energy, respectively) had significantly higher TG (P = 0.04) and LDL-C (P = 0.02) compared to Ins/Ins homozygotes, and these were not significant in subjects with low-MUFA and -carbohydrate (< 12 and < 54%, respectively). A significant interaction was observed between ApoB Ins/Del and diet on TG in both unadjusted (P = 0.03) and adjusted models (model 2 and 3, P = 0.04 and P = 0.04, respectively), and on LDL-C only in adjusted models (model 2 and 3, P = 0.03 and P = 0.029, respectively). Besides, Del-allele carriers with protein, SFA, MUFA and n-3PUFA of ≥ 14, 9, 12 and 0.6%, respectively, had a significant increase in their serum leptin than Ins/Ins homozygotes (P < 0.05). However, these associations were not significant between the two genetic groups in subjects with low intakes of protein, SFA, MUFA and n-3PUFA. Moreover, Del-allele carriers with low carbohydrate (< 54%) had significantly higher leptin and ghrelin than Ins/Ins homozygotes (P < 0.05), however, in high-carbohydrate group, leptin and ghrelin were not significantly lower.

Conclusions

These findings indicate that the interaction between ApoB Ins/Del and dietary intake of MUFA, SFA, n-3PUFA, carbohydrate and protein could modulate the serum levels of TG, LDL-C, leptin and ghrelin in T2DM patients.
Literature
1.
da Rocha Fernandes J, Ogurtsova K, Linnenkamp U, Guariguata L, Seuring T, Zhang P, Cavan D, Makaroff LE (2016) IDF Diabetes Atlas estimates of 2014 global health expenditures on diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 117:48–54PubMedCrossRef
2.
Ogurtsova K, da Rocha Fernandes JD, Huang Y, Linnenkamp U, Guariguata L, Cho NH, Cavan D, Shaw JE, Makaroff LE (2017) IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global estimates for the prevalence of diabetes for 2015 and 2040. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 128:40–50PubMedCrossRef
3.
Gadi R, Samaha FF (2007) Dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Curr Diabetes Rep 7(3):228–234CrossRef
4.
Taskinen MR (2002) Diabetic dyslipidemia. Atherosclerosis Suppl 31 3(1):47–51CrossRef
5.
Ho JS, Cannaday JJ, Barlow CE, Mitchell TL, Cooper KH, FitzGerald SJ (2008) Relation of the number of metabolic syndrome risk factors with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Am J Cardiol 102(6):689–692PubMedCrossRef
6.
Scaglione R, Argano C, Chiara TD, Licata G (2004) Obesity and cardiovascular risk: the new public health problem of worldwide proportions. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2(2):203–212PubMedCrossRef
7.
Ordovas JM, Corella D (2004) Nutritional genomics. Annu Rev Genom Hum Genet 5:71–118CrossRef
8.
Tan SY, Batterham M, Tapsell L (2011) Increased intake of dietary polyunsaturated fat does not promote whole body or preferential abdominal fat mass loss in overweight adults. Obes Facts 4(5):352–357PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
9.
Moussavi N, Gavino V, Receveur O (2008) Is obesity related to the type of dietary fatty acids? An ecological study. Public Health Nutr 11(11):1149–1155PubMedCrossRef
10.
Fontani G, Corradeschi F, Felici A, Alfatti F, Bugarini R, Fiaschi AI, Cerretani D, Montorfano G, Rizzo AM, Berra B (2005) Blood profiles, body fat and mood state in healthy subjects on different diets supplemented with Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Eur J Clin Investig 35(8):499–507CrossRef
11.
Lottenberg AM, da Silva Afonso M, Lavrador MS, Machado RM, Nakandakare ER (2012) The role of dietary fatty acids in the pathology of metabolic syndrome. J Nutr Biochem 30 23(9):1027–1040CrossRef
12.
Flock MR, Fleming JA, Kris-Etherton PM (2014) Macronutrient replacement options for saturated fat: effects on cardiovascular health. Curr Opin Lipidol 25(1):67–74PubMedCrossRef
13.
Chasman DI, Paré G, Zee RY, Parker AN, Cook NR, Buring JE, Kwiatkowski DJ, Rose LM, Smith JD, Williams PT, Rieder MJ (2008) Genetic loci associated with plasma concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoprotein A1, and Apolipoprotein B among 6382 white women in genome-wide analysis with replication. Circ Cardiovasc Genet 1(1):21–30PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
14.
15.
Blackhart BD, Ludwig EM, Pierotti VR, Caiati L, Onasch MA, Wallis SC, Powell L, Pease R, Knott TJ, Chu ML (1986) Structure of the human apolipoprotein B gene. J Biol Chem 261(33):15364–15367PubMed
16.
Whitfield AJ, Barrett PH, Van Bockxmeer FM, Burnett JR (2004) Lipid disorders and mutations in the APOB gene. Clin Chem 50(10):1725–1732PubMedCrossRef
17.
Xiao D, Huang K, Chen Q, Huang B, Liu W, Peng Y, Chen M, Huang D, Zou T, Yang J (2015) Four Apolipoprotein B gene polymorphisms and the risk for coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis of 47 studies. Genes Genom 37(7):621–632CrossRef
18.
Tsunoda K, Harihara S, Tanabe Y, Dashnyam B (2012) Polymorphism of the apolipoprotein B gene and association with plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels in the Mongolian Buryat. Biochem Genet 50(3–4):249–268PubMedCrossRef
19.
Rebhi L, Omezzine A, Kchock K, Belkahla R, Ben Hadjmbarek I, Rejeb J, Rejeb B, Nabli N, Bibi N, Massoud A, Abdelaziz T, Boughzala A, Bouslama E A (2008) 5′ ins/del and 3′ VNTR polymorphisms in the apolipoprotein B gene in relation to lipids and coronary artery disease. Clin Chem Lab Med 46:329–334PubMedCrossRef
20.
Machado MO, Hirata MH, Bertolami MC, Hirata RDC (2001) Apo B gene haplotype is associated with lipid profile of higher risk for coronary heart disease in Caucasian Brazilian men. J Clin Lab Anal 15:19–24PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
21.
Saha N, Tay JSH, Heng CK, Humphries SE (1993) DNA polymorphisms of the apolipoprotein B gene are associated with obesity and serum lipids in healthy Indians in Singapore. Clin Genet 44:113–120PubMedCrossRef
22.
Lamia R, Asma O, Slim K, JihÈne R, Imen B, Ibtihel BH, Kaouther K, Radhia B, Nabila BR, Naoufel N, Ahmed BA (2012) Association of four apolipoprotein B polymorphisms with lipid profile and stenosis in Tunisian coronary patients. J Genet 91(1):75–79CrossRef
23.
Renges HH, Wile DB, McKeigue PM, Marmot MG, Humphries SE (1991) Apolipoprotein B gene polymorphisms are associated with lipid levels in men of South Asian descent. Atherosclerosis 91(3):267–275PubMedCrossRef
24.
Hixson JE, McMahan CA, McGill HC, Strong JP (1992) Apo B insertion/deletion polymorphisms are associated with atherosclerosis in young black but not young white males. Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY) Research Group. Arteriosclerosis Vasc Biol 12(9):1023–1029CrossRef
25.
Cavalli SA, Hirata MH, Salazar LA, Diament J, Forti N, Giannini SD, Nakandakare ER, Bertolami MC, Hirata RD (2000) Apolipoprotein B gene polymorphisms: prevalence and impact on serum lipid concentrations in hypercholesterolemic individuals from Brazil. Clin Chim Acta 302(1):189–203PubMedCrossRef
26.
Glisic S, Prljic J, Radovanovic N, Alavantic D (1997) Study of apoB gene signal peptide insertion:deletion polymorphism in a healthy Serbian population: no association with serum lipid levels. Clin Chim Acta 263:57–65PubMedCrossRef
27.
Jemaa R, Mebazaa A, Fumeron F (2004) Apolipoprotein B signal peptide polymorphism and plasma LDL-cholesterol response to low-calorie diet. Int J Obes 28(7):902–905CrossRef
28.
Humphries SE, Talmud PJ, Cox C, Sutherland W, Mann J (1996) Genetic factors affecting the consistency and magnitude of changes in plasma cholesterol in response to dietary challenge. QJM 89(9):671–680PubMedCrossRef
29.
Loffreda S, Yang SQ, Lin HZ, Karp CL, Brengman ML, Wang DJ, Klein AS, Bulkley GB, Bao C, Noble PW, Lane MD (1998) Leptin regulates proinflammatory immune responses. FASEB J 12(1):57–65PubMedCrossRef
30.
Li WG, Gavrila D, Liu X, Wang L, Gunnlaugsson S, Stoll LL, McCormick ML, Sigmund CD, Tang C, Weintraub NL (2004) Ghrelin inhibits proinflammatory responses and nuclear factor-κB activation in human endothelial cells. Circulation 109(18):2221–2226PubMedCrossRef
31.
Schreyer SA, Vick C, Lystig TC, Mystkowski P, LeBoeuf RC (2002) LDL receptor but not apolipoprotein E deficiency increases diet-induced obesity and diabetes in mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 282(1):E207-14PubMedCrossRef
32.
Rafiee M, Sotoideh G, Djalali M, Alvandi E, Eshraghian M, Sojoudi F, Koohdani F (2016) Dietary ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake modulates impact of insertion/deletion polymorphism of ApoB gene on obesity risk in type 2 diabetic patients. Nutrition 32:1110–1115PubMedCrossRef
33.
Basiri MG, Sotoudeh G, Alvandi E, Djalali M, Eshraghian MR, Noorshahi N, Koohdani F (2015) APOA2–256T>C polymorphism interacts with saturated fatty acids intake to affect anthropometric and hormonal variables in type 2 diabetic patients. Genes Nutr 10(3):1–7CrossRef
34.
Consultation WE. Waist Circumference and Waist-Hip Ratio (2008) Report of a WHO expert consultation. World Health Organization, Geneva, pp 8–11
35.
Aadahl M, Jørgensen TO (2003) Validation of a new self-report instrument for measuring physical activity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 35(7):1196–1202PubMedCrossRef
36.
Kelishadi R, Rabiei K, Khosravi A, Famouri F, Sadeghi M, Rouhafza H (2001) Assessment of physical activity of adolescents in Isfahan. J Shahrekord Univ Med Sci 3:27–33
37.
Ainsworth BE, Haskell WL, Leon AS, Jacobs DR Jr, Montoye HJ, Sallis JF, Paffenbarger RS Jr (1993) Compendium of physical activities: classification of energy costs of human physical activities. Med Sci Sports Exerc 25(1):71–80PubMedCrossRef
38.
Esmaillzadeh A, Mirmiran PA, Azizi F (2005) Whole-grain consumption and the metabolic syndrome: a favorable association in Tehranian adults. Eur J Clin Nutr 59(3):353–362PubMedCrossRef
39.
Willett W (1998) Food frequency methods. In: Willett W (ed) Nutritional epidemiology, 2th edn. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 74–100CrossRef
40.
41.
Ghaffarpour M, houshiar-Rad A, Kianfar H (1999) The manual for household measures, cooking yields factors and edible portion of food. Keshavarzi, Tehran
42.
43.
Boekholdt SM, Peters RJ, Fountoulaki K, Kastelein JJ, Sijbrands EJ (2003) Molecular variation at the apolipoprotein B gene locus in relation to lipids and cardiovascular disease: a systematic meta-analysis. Hum Genet 113(5):417–425PubMedCrossRef
44.
Fenech M (2015) Nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics: the new paradigm for optimising health and preventing disease. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol 61(Supplement):S209PubMedCrossRef
45.
Seo T, Oelkers PM, Giattina MR, Worgall TS, Sturley SL, Deckelbaum RJ (2001) Differential modulation of ACAT1 and ACAT2 transcription and activity by long chain free fatty acids in cultured cells. Biochemistry 40(15):4756–4762PubMedCrossRef
46.
Willner EL, Tow B, Buhman KK, Wilson M, Sanan DA, Rudel LL, Farese RV (2003) Deficiency of acyl CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase 2 prevents atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci 100(3):1262–1267CrossRef
47.
Herz J, Goldstein JL, Strickland DK, Ho YK, Brown MS (1991) 39-kDa protein modulates binding of ligands to low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein/alpha 2-macroglobulin receptor. J Biol Chem 266(31):21232–21238PubMed
48.
Miyazaki M, Kim YC, Ntambi JM (2001) A lipogenic diet in mice with a disruption of the stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 gene reveals a stringent requirement of endogenous monounsaturated fatty acids for triglyceride synthesis. J Lipid Res 42(7):1018–1024PubMed
49.
Kallel A, Feki M, Elasmi M, Souissi M (2007) Apolipoprotein B signal peptide polymorphism: distribution and influence on lipid parameters in Tunisian population. Physiol Res 56(4):411PubMed
50.
Miyazaki M, Dobrzyn A, Man WC, Chu K, Sampath H, Kim HJ, Ntambi JM (2004) Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 gene expression is necessary for fructose-mediated induction of lipogenic gene expression by sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c-dependent and-independent mechanisms. J Biol Chem 279(24):25164–25171PubMedCrossRef
51.
Chen ZY, Cunnane SC (1992) Preferential retention of linoleic acid-enriched triacylglycerols in liver and serum during fasting. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 263(2):R233-9CrossRef
52.
Biddinger SB, Miyazaki M, Boucher J, Ntambi JM, Kahn CR (2006) Leptin suppresses stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 by mechanisms independent of insulin and sterol regulatory element–binding protein-1c. Diabetes 55(7):2032–2041PubMedCrossRef
53.
Ntambi JM, Miyazaki M, Stoehr JP, Lan H, Kendziorski CM, Yandell BS, Song Y, Cohen P, Friedman JM, Attie AD (2002) Loss of stearoyl–CoA desaturase-1 function protects mice against adiposity. Proc Natl Acad Sci 99(17):11482–11486CrossRef
54.
Obici S, Feng Z, Morgan K, Stein D, Karkanias G, Rossetti L (2002) Central administration of oleic acid inhibits glucose production and food intake. Diabetes 51(2):271–275PubMedCrossRef
55.
Peyron-Caso E, Taverna M, Guerre-Millo M, Véronèse A, Pacher N, Slama G, Rizkalla SW (2002) Dietary (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids up-regulate plasma leptin in insulin-resistant rats. J Nutr 132(8):2235–2240PubMedCrossRef
56.
Carvalheira JB, Siloto RM, Ignacchitti I, Brenelli SL, Carvalho CR, Leite A, Velloso LA, Gontijo JA, Saad MJ (2001) Insulin modulates leptin-induced STAT3 activation in rat hypothalamus. Febs Lett 500(3):119–124PubMedCrossRef
57.
Liu Q, Zhang J, Zerbinatti C, Zhan Y, Kolber BJ, Herz J, Muglia LJ, Bu G (2011) Lipoprotein receptor LRP1 regulates leptin signaling and energy homeostasis in the adult central nervous system. PLoS Biol 9(1):e1000575PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
58.
Havel PJ, Townsend R, Chaump L, Teff K (1999) High-fat meals reduce 24-h circulating leptin concentrations in women. Diabetes 48(2):334–341PubMedCrossRef
59.
Havel PJ (2004) Update on adipocyte hormones regulation of energy balance and carbohydrate/lipid metabolism. Diabetes 53:S143–S151CrossRef
60.
Misra M, Miller KK, Almazan C, Ramaswamy K, Aggarwal A, Herzog DB, Neubauer G, Breu J, Klibanski A (2004) Hormonal and body composition predictors of soluble leptin receptor, leptin, and free leptin index in adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa and controls and relation to insulin sensitivity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89(7):3486–3495PubMedCrossRef
61.
Monteleone P, Bencivenga R, Longobardi N, Serritella C, Maj M (2003) Differential responses of circulating ghrelin to high-fat or high-carbohydrate meal in healthy women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88(11):5510–5514PubMedCrossRef
62.
Lee CC, Lee RP, Subeq YM, Wang CH, Fang TC, Hsu BG (2008) Fasting serum total ghrelin level inversely correlates with metabolic syndrome in hemodialysis patients. Arch Med Res 39(8):785–790PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
The interaction between apolipoprotein B insertion/deletion polymorphism and macronutrient intake on lipid profile and serum leptin and ghrelin levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Authors
Masoumeh Rafiee
Gity Sotoudeh
Mahmoud Djalali
Ehsan Alvandi
Mohammadreza Eshraghian
Fatemeh Javadi
Farideh Doostan
Fariba Koohdani
Publication date
01-04-2019
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
European Journal of Nutrition / Issue 3/2019
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Electronic ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-018-1621-5

Other articles of this Issue 3/2019

European Journal of Nutrition 3/2019 Go to the issue

Original Contribution

Chronic consumption of a low calorie, high polyphenol cranberry beverage attenuates inflammation and improves glucoregulation and HDL cholesterol in healthy overweight humans: a randomized controlled trial

Original Contribution

Effects of ewe’s milk yogurt (whole and semi-skimmed) and cow’s milk yogurt on inflammation markers and gut microbiota of subjects with borderline-high plasma cholesterol levels: a crossover study

Original Contribution

The association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration, physical performance and frailty status in older adults

Original Contribution

Macronutrient composition and food groups associated with gestational weight gain: the GUSTO study

Original Contribution

Association between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and incident hypertension in Korean adults: a prospective study

Original Contribution

Chronic fructose intake does not induce liver steatosis and inflammation in female Sprague–Dawley rats, but causes hypertriglyceridemia related to decreased VLDL receptor expression
Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

Read more

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

Year in Review: Pediatric cardiology

Pediatric Cardiology Video

Watch Dr. Anne Marie Valente present the last year's highlights in pediatric and congenital heart disease in the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Pulmonary vascular disease

Cardiopulmonary Comorbidity Video

The last year's highlights in pulmonary vascular disease are presented by Dr. Jane Leopold in this official video from ACC.24.

Year in Review: Valvular heart disease

Valvular Heart Disease Video

Watch Prof. William Zoghbi present the last year's highlights in valvular heart disease from the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discuss last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discuss last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

Watch now

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

16-04-2024 Type 2 Diabetes News

Incentivised to exercise

11-04-2024 Lifestyle Modifications News

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

10-04-2024 Myocardial Infarction News

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page

Image Credits