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Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology
Published in: Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology 2/2016

01-04-2016

The Eosinophil in Health and Disease: from Bench to Bedside and Back

Authors: Wei Liao, Hai Long, Christopher Chia-Chi Chang, Qianjin Lu

Published in: Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology | Issue 2/2016

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Abstract

Historically, eosinophils have been considered as end-stage cells involved in host protection against parasitic infection and in the mechanisms of hypersensitivity. However, later studies have shown that this multifunctional cell is also capable of producing immunoregulatory cytokines and soluble mediators and is involved in tissue homeostasis and modulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. In this review, we summarize the biology of eosinophils, including the function and molecular mechanisms of their granule proteins, cell surface markers, mediators, and pathways, and present comprehensive reviews of research updates on the genetics and epigenetics of eosinophils. We describe recent advances in the development of epigenetics of eosinophil-related diseases, especially in asthma. Likewise, recent studies have provided us with a more complete appreciation of how eosinophils contribute to the pathogenesis of various diseases, including hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES). Over the past decades, the definition and criteria of HES have been evolving with the progress of our understanding of the disease and some aspects of this disease still remain controversial. We also review recent updates on the genetic and molecular mechanisms of HES, which have spurred dramatic developments in the clinical strategies of diagnosis and treatment for this heterogeneous group of diseases. The conclusion from this review is that the biology of eosinophils provides significant insights as to their roles in health and disease and, furthermore, demonstrates that a better understanding of eosinophil will accelerate the development of new therapeutic strategies for patients.
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Metadata
Title
The Eosinophil in Health and Disease: from Bench to Bedside and Back
Authors
Wei Liao
Hai Long
Christopher Chia-Chi Chang
Qianjin Lu
Publication date
01-04-2016
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology / Issue 2/2016
Print ISSN: 1080-0549
Electronic ISSN: 1559-0267
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016-015-8507-6

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