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International Ophthalmology
Published in: International Ophthalmology 2/2023

Open Access 26-08-2022 | Telemedicine | Original Paper

Assessing the subjective quality of smartphone anterior segment photography: a non-inferiority study

Authors: Raghav Goel, Carmelo Macri, Bobak Bahrami, Robert Casson, Weng Onn Chan

Published in: International Ophthalmology | Issue 2/2023

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Abstract

Purpose

To assess the subjective quality of anterior segment photos taken from a smartphone camera adapted to the slit lamp compared to a commercial inbuilt slit-lamp camera.

Methods

Non-inferiority study. Five paired images of the anterior segment of normal eyes were taken using an iPhone 11 (Apple, Inc., Calif., USA) camera attached to a universal slit-lamp adaptor and a commercial inbuilt slit-lamp camera (Haag-Streit Diagnostics, Bern, Switzerland). Images were collated into a survey in which ophthalmology students, residents, registrars, and consultants participated to select the image taken from the inbuilt slit-lamp camera. If the image quality was subjectively indistinguishable, we expected a 50:50 split for each photograph that was presented. We selected a 10% non-inferiority margin, with the hypothesis that no less than 40% of images believed to be from the conventional camera were in fact from the smartphone camera.

Results

There were 27 respondents in the survey: ophthalmology consultants (n = 7), registrars (n = 10), residents (n = 7), intern (n = 1) and students (n = 2). The mean correct identification across the respondents was 11.3 out of 25 (45.2%) images. Overall, the smartphone camera was non-inferior to the inbuilt slit-lamp camera (p < 0.001). The non-inferiority of the smartphone camera was significant for consultants (47.4%, p < 0.01), registrars (47.6%, p < 0.001) and residents (37.7%, p < 0.0001).

Conclusions

Anterior segment images obtained with a smartphone camera were non-inferior to the commercial inbuilt slit-lamp camera. Smartphone cameras may be a non-inferior tool for communication of anterior segment images having implications for the ease of access to quality telehealth consultations.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Assessing the subjective quality of smartphone anterior segment photography: a non-inferiority study
Authors
Raghav Goel
Carmelo Macri
Bobak Bahrami
Robert Casson
Weng Onn Chan
Publication date
26-08-2022
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Keyword
Telemedicine
Published in
International Ophthalmology / Issue 2/2023
Print ISSN: 0165-5701
Electronic ISSN: 1573-2630
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-022-02437-9

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