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European Journal of Medical Research
Published in: European Journal of Medical Research 1/2017

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Research

Suppression of methylmercury-induced MIP-2 expression by N-acetyl-l-cysteine in murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line

Authors: Juliet David, Athira Nandakumar, Muflihatul Muniroh, Suminori Akiba, Megumi Yamamoto, Chihaya Koriyama

Published in: European Journal of Medical Research | Issue 1/2017

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Abstract

Background

The aim of this study is to examine the inflammatory-cytokine expressions in the presence of non-cytotoxic dose of methylmercury (MeHg) in murine macrophages, which is suspected to play an important role in brain damage caused by MeHg exposure. We focused on murine macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-5 (MCP-5). MIP-2 and KC are murine functional homologues of human IL-8 and MCP-5 for human MCP-1. Furthermore, we examined the suppressive effect of N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) on the MeHg-induced inflammatory cytokines.

Methods

In a murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line, MeHg-induced cytokine expressions were measured using real-time PCR. The suppressive effect of NAC was examined by putting it into the culture medium together with MeHg (co-treatment). In addition, pre- and post-treatment experiments were conducted, in which the cells were treated with NAC before and after MeHg exposure, respectively.

Results

Exposure to a non-cytotoxic dose of MeHg up-regulated the mRNA expression of MIP-2 and MCP-5. On the other hand, KC expression was not induced in the presence of MeHg. Effect of MeHg on MIP-2 expressions was suppressed by pre-, co-, and post-treatment with NAC. However, the suppressive effect of pre-treatment was less than the post-treatment, which was as effective as co-treatment.

Conclusion

In functional homologues of human IL-8, only MIP-2 expression, not KC, was activated in the presence of non-cytotoxic dose of MeHg in murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line. The more evident inhibitory effect of NAC observed in post-treatment experiments suggests a possible involvement of intracellular activities such as antioxidant effects.
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Metadata
Title
Suppression of methylmercury-induced MIP-2 expression by N-acetyl-l-cysteine in murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line
Authors
Juliet David
Athira Nandakumar
Muflihatul Muniroh
Suminori Akiba
Megumi Yamamoto
Chihaya Koriyama
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
European Journal of Medical Research / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 2047-783X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-017-0287-4

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