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Published in: Neurological Sciences 6/2020

Open Access 01-06-2020 | Stroke | Original Article

Why we fail: mechanisms and co-factors of unsuccessful thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke

Authors: Dominik M. Heider, Andreas Simgen, Gudrun Wagenpfeil, Philipp Dietrich, Umut Yilmaz, Ruben Mühl-Benninghaus, Safwan Roumia, Klaus Faßbender, Wolfgang Reith, Michael Kettner

Published in: Neurological Sciences | Issue 6/2020

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Abstract

Purpose

Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is an effective treatment for patients suffering from acute ischemic stroke. However, recanalization fails in about 16.5% of interventions. We report our experience with unsuccessful MT and analyze technical reasons plus patient-related parameters for failure.

Methods

Five hundred ninety-six patients with acute ischemic stroke in the anterior circulation and intention to perform MT with an aspiration catheter and/or stent retriever were analyzed. Failure was defined as 0, 1, or 2a on the mTICI scale. Patients with failing MT were analyzed for interventional progress and compared to patients with successful intervention, whereby parameters included demographics, medical history, stroke presentation, and treatment.

Results

One hundred of the 596 (16.8%) interventions failed. In 20 cases, thrombus could not be accessed or passed with the device. Peripheral arterial occlusive disease is common in those patients. In 80 patients, true stent retriever failure occurred. In this group, coagulation disorders are associated with poor results, whereas atrial fibrillation is associated with success.
The administration of intravenous thrombolysis and intake of nitric oxide donors are associated with recanalization success. Intervention duration was significantly longer in the failing group.

Conclusion

In 20% of failing MT, thrombus cannot be reached/passed. Direct carotid puncture or surgical arterial access could be considered in these cases.
In 80% of failing interventions, thrombus can be passed with the device, but the occluded vessel cannot be recanalized. Rescue techniques can be an option. Development of new devices and techniques is necessary to improve recanalization rates. Assessment of pre-existing illness could sensitize for occurring complications.
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Metadata
Title
Why we fail: mechanisms and co-factors of unsuccessful thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke
Authors
Dominik M. Heider
Andreas Simgen
Gudrun Wagenpfeil
Philipp Dietrich
Umut Yilmaz
Ruben Mühl-Benninghaus
Safwan Roumia
Klaus Faßbender
Wolfgang Reith
Michael Kettner
Publication date
01-06-2020
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Neurological Sciences / Issue 6/2020
Print ISSN: 1590-1874
Electronic ISSN: 1590-3478
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-020-04244-5

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