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Open Access 16-05-2022 | Stroke | IM - REVIEW

Sex differences at the platelet–vascular interface

Authors: Annamaria Sabetta, Ludovica Lombardi, Lucia Stefanini

Published in: Internal and Emergency Medicine | Issue 5/2022

Abstract

Platelets are multifunctional cells that ensure the integrity of the vascular wall and modulate the immune response at the blood/vascular interface. Their pathological activation results in both thrombosis and inflammation and implicates them in the pathogenesis of vascular disease. Vascular diseases are sexually dimorphic in terms of incidence, clinical presentation, outcome, and efficacy of anti-platelet therapy. We here provide an overview of what is known about the role of platelets in the initiation and progression of vascular diseases and summarize what is known about the sex differences in platelet reactivity and in the thromboinflammatory mechanisms that drive these diseases, with a particular focus on atherosclerosis, obstructive and non-obstructive coronary artery disease, and ischemic stroke. Understanding the sex differences at the platelet–vascular interface is clinically relevant as it will enable: (1) to design new therapeutic strategies that prevent the detrimental effects of the immune-modulatory function of platelets taking sex into account, and (2) to evaluate if sex-specific anti-platelet drug regimens should be used to reduce the risk not only of thrombosis but also of vascular disease progression.

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Title: Sex differences at the platelet–vascular interface
Authors: Annamaria Sabetta
Ludovica Lombardi
Lucia Stefanini
Publication date: 16-05-2022
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Keyword: Stroke
Published in: Internal and Emergency Medicine / Issue 5/2022
Print ISSN: 1828-0447
Electronic ISSN: 1970-9366
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11739-022-02994-y

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