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Neurocritical Care
Published in: Neurocritical Care 3/2023

31-01-2023 | Stroke | Review Article

Neuromonitoring During ECMO Support in Children

Authors: Ryan J. Felling, Asavari Kamerkar, Matthew L. Friedman, Ahmed S. Said, Kerri L. LaRovere, Michael J. Bell, Melania M. Bembea

Published in: Neurocritical Care | Issue 3/2023

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Abstract

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is a potentially lifesaving intervention for children with severe cardiac or respiratory failure. It is used with increasing frequency and in increasingly more complex and severe diseases. Neurological injuries are important causes of morbidity and mortality in children treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and include ischemic stroke, intracranial hemorrhage, hypoxic-ischemic injury, and seizures. In this review, we discuss the epidemiology and pathophysiology of neurological injury in patients supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and we review the current state of knowledge for available modalities of monitoring neurological function in these children. These include structural imaging with computed tomography and ultrasound, cerebral blood flow monitoring with near-infrared spectroscopy and transcranial Doppler ultrasound, and physiological monitoring with electroencephalography and plasma biomarkers. We highlight areas of need and emerging advances that will improve our understanding of neurological injury related to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and help to reduce the burden of neurological sequelae in these children.
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Metadata
Title
Neuromonitoring During ECMO Support in Children
Authors
Ryan J. Felling
Asavari Kamerkar
Matthew L. Friedman
Ahmed S. Said
Kerri L. LaRovere
Michael J. Bell
Melania M. Bembea
Publication date
31-01-2023
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Neurocritical Care / Issue 3/2023
Print ISSN: 1541-6933
Electronic ISSN: 1556-0961
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12028-023-01675-8

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