Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
International Urogynecology Journal
Published in: International Urogynecology Journal 11/2020

Open Access 01-11-2020 | Stress Incontinence | Author Response (Invitation)

Urethral closure occurs by recoiling, pressure transmission, and a guarding reflex

Author: Bo S. Bergström

Published in: International Urogynecology Journal | Issue 11/2020

Login to get access

Abstract

Enhörning’s abdominal pressure transmission theory (ET) is built on Pascal’s law of fluid pressures. A theory that rejects ET also rejects this basic physical law and cannot be considered scientifically sound. The integral theory (IT) of female stress urinary incontinence rejects ET. This issue is discussed from the viewpoint of the urethral hanging theory of female stress urinary incontinence (UHT).
Literature
1.
Petros P. Changes in bladder neck geometry and closure pressure after midurethral anchoring suggest a musculoelastic mechanism activates closure. Neurourol Urodyn. 2003;22(3):191–7.CrossRef
2.
3.
Bergström BS. More about the urethral hanging theory (UHT) and a response to Dr. Peter Petros’ comments. Neurourol Urodyn. 2019;38(4):1178–83.CrossRef
4.
Bergström BS. Urethral hanging theory. Neurourol Urodyn. 2017;36(3):826–7.CrossRef
5.
Bergström BS. The urethral hanging theory and how it relates to Enhörning’s theory and the integral theory. Int Urogynecol J. 2020;31:1175–80.CrossRef
6.
Petros PE, Ulmsten U. Urethral pressure increase on effort originates from within the urethra, and continence from musculo-vaginal closure. Neurourol Urodyn. 1995;14(4):337–50.CrossRef
7.
Bergström BS. The integral theory of female stress urinary incontinence is not scientifically sound. Neurourol Urodyn. 2018;37:1184–7.CrossRef
8.
Bergström BS. Curative mechanisms of two tension-free vaginal tape positions. Theoretical comments based on the urethral hanging theory of female stress urinary incontinence. Neurourol Urodyn. 2017;36(8):2181–2183
Metadata
Title
Urethral closure occurs by recoiling, pressure transmission, and a guarding reflex
Author
Bo S. Bergström
Publication date
01-11-2020
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
International Urogynecology Journal / Issue 11/2020
Print ISSN: 0937-3462
Electronic ISSN: 1433-3023
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-020-04475-2

Other articles of this Issue 11/2020

International Urogynecology Journal 11/2020 Go to the issue

Original Article

A biomechanically based concept for a stronger obstetric anal sphincter repair

Commentary

A commentary on “Effects of home-based stabilization exercises focusing on pelvic floor on postnatal stress urinary incontinence and low back pain: a randomized controlled trial”

Original Article

Pelvic floor morphology in the standing position using upright computed tomography: age and sex differences

Original Article

Change in levator ani muscle stiffness and active force during pregnancy and post-partum

Author Response (Invitation)

In reply: Letter to the editor: Is it time to abandon episiotomy use? A randomized controlled trial (epitrial)

Clinical Opinion

Update in fertility-sparing native-tissue procedures for pelvic organ prolapse