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Neuropsychology Review
Published in: Neuropsychology Review 1/2014

01-03-2014 | Review

Strengthening Connections: Functional Connectivity and Brain Plasticity

Authors: Clare Kelly, F. Xavier Castellanos

Published in: Neuropsychology Review | Issue 1/2014

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Abstract

The ascendancy of functional neuroimaging has facilitated the addition of network-based approaches to the neuropsychologist’s toolbox for evaluating the sequelae of brain insult. In particular, intrinsic functional connectivity (iFC) mapping of resting state fMRI (R-fMRI) data constitutes an ideal approach to measuring macro-scale networks in the human brain. Beyond the value of iFC mapping for charting how the functional topography of the brain is altered by insult and injury, iFC analyses can provide insights into experience-dependent plasticity at the macro level of large-scale functional networks. Such insights are foundational to the design of training and remediation interventions that will best facilitate recovery of function. In this review, we consider what is currently known about the origin and function of iFC in the brain, and how this knowledge is informative in neuropsychological settings. We then summarize studies that have examined experience-driven plasticity of iFC in healthy control participants, and frame these findings in terms of a schema that may aid in the interpretation of results and the generation of hypotheses for rehabilitative studies. Finally, we outline some caveats to the R-fMRI approach, as well as some current developments that are likely to bolster the utility of the iFC paradigm for neuropsychology.
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Metadata
Title
Strengthening Connections: Functional Connectivity and Brain Plasticity
Authors
Clare Kelly
F. Xavier Castellanos
Publication date
01-03-2014
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Neuropsychology Review / Issue 1/2014
Print ISSN: 1040-7308
Electronic ISSN: 1573-6660
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-014-9252-y

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