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Published in: Sleep and Breathing 4/2021

01-12-2021 | Pediatrics • Original Article

Sleep quality and Dietary Inflammatory Index among university students: a cross-sectional study

Authors: Alyaa A. Masaad, Ayesha M. Yusuf, Ayman Z. Shakir, Maryam S. Khan, Sharfa Khaleel, Leila Cheikh Ismail, Mo’ez Al-Islam E. Faris, Haitham A. Jahrami, Nitin Shivappa, James R. Hebert, Ahmed S. Bahammam

Published in: Sleep and Breathing | Issue 4/2021

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Abstract

Purpose

Evidence indicates that most college students face reduced sleep quality due to unhealthy dietary habits and hectic daily schedules. While the relationship between sleep quality and general health has been the subject of intensive research, little is known about the association between sleep and its relation with the inflammatory potential of the diet until recently. This study aimed to investigate the association between Energy-Adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII®) scores and sleep quality in a group of students from the University of Sharjah (UOS).

Methods

A cross-sectional study design was followed, and convenience sampling was used. Participants were assessed for sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), E-DII scores were derived from a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and physical activity level was measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Chi-square tests and two-sample t tests were used to find an association between E-DII scores and sleep quality.

Results

A total of 379 college students were included in the study of whom 64 % were female and 81% were between 18 and 21 years of age. Two-thirds of participants experienced poor sleep quality. Although results were trending in the hypothesized direction, no significant association was found between E-DII scores and sleep quality. Among the individual components of sleep quality, a direct significant association was found between E-DII scores and day dysfunction (P = 0.03).

Conclusions

These results suggest that a pro-inflammatory diet maybe related to increased day dysfunction among UOS students. Consuming a more anti-inflammatory diet may reduce daytime dysfunction. Further prospective and controlled studies are required to confirm this association, and to explore other attributes and their sequelae on sleep quality.
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Metadata
Title
Sleep quality and Dietary Inflammatory Index among university students: a cross-sectional study
Authors
Alyaa A. Masaad
Ayesha M. Yusuf
Ayman Z. Shakir
Maryam S. Khan
Sharfa Khaleel
Leila Cheikh Ismail
Mo’ez Al-Islam E. Faris
Haitham A. Jahrami
Nitin Shivappa
James R. Hebert
Ahmed S. Bahammam
Publication date
01-12-2021
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Sleep and Breathing / Issue 4/2021
Print ISSN: 1520-9512
Electronic ISSN: 1522-1709
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-020-02169-z

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