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Arthritis Research & Therapy
Published in: Arthritis Research & Therapy 4/2009

Open Access 01-08-2009 | Research article

Short- and long-term effects of anti-CD20 treatment on B cell ontogeny in bone marrow of patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Authors: Maria Rehnberg, Sylvie Amu, Andrej Tarkowski, Maria I Bokarewa, Mikael Brisslert

Published in: Arthritis Research & Therapy | Issue 4/2009

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Abstract

Introduction

In the present study we evaluated changes in the B cell phenotype in peripheral blood and bone marrow (BM) of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) following anti-CD20 treatment using rituximab.

Methods

Blood and BM samples were obtained from 37 patients with RA prior to rituximab treatment. Ten of these patients were resampled 1 month following rituximab, 14 patients after 3 months and the remaining 13 patients were included in the long-term follow up. B cell populations were characterized by CD27/IgD/CD38/CD24 expression.

Results

One and three months following rituximab BM retained up to 30% of B cells while circulation was totally depleted of B cells. Analysis of the remaining BM B cells showed prevalence of immature and/or transitional B cells (CD38++CD24++) and CD27+IgD- memory cells, while IgD+ cells were completely depleted. A significant reduction of CD27+ cells in BM and in circulation was observed long after rituximab treatment (mean 22 months), while levels of naive B cells in BM and in circulation were increased. The levels of rheumatoid factor decline after rituximab treatment but returned to baseline levels at the time of retreatment.

Conclusions

Anti-CD20 treatment achieves a depletion of IgD+ B cells shortly after the treatment. At the long term follow up, a reduction of CD27+ B cells was observed in blood and BM. The prolonged inability to up-regulate CD27 may inhibit the renewal of memory B cells. This reduction of CD27+ B cells does not prevent autoantibody production suggesting that mechanisms regulating the formation of auto reactive clones are not disrupted by rituximab.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Short- and long-term effects of anti-CD20 treatment on B cell ontogeny in bone marrow of patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors
Maria Rehnberg
Sylvie Amu
Andrej Tarkowski
Maria I Bokarewa
Mikael Brisslert
Publication date
01-08-2009
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Arthritis Research & Therapy / Issue 4/2009
Electronic ISSN: 1478-6362
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/ar2789

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