Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Journal of Community Health 3/2019

01-06-2019 | Original Paper

Sex Differences in the Association Between School Experiences and Marijuana Use Among African American Adolescents

Authors: Rebecca A. Vidourek, Keith A. King

Published in: Journal of Community Health | Issue 3/2019

Login to get access

Abstract

This study examined whether past month marijuana use among African American adolescents differed based on school experiences and individual feelings toward school. A secondary analysis of the 2012 National Survey on Drug Use and Health was conducted to answer research questions. Results from the multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that female students at highest risk for recent use included those who held negative feelings toward school (OR 2.723, CI 1.683, 4.406, p < .001), felt courses were not interesting (OR 2.695, CI 1.513, 4.798, p < .01), and received mostly C’s/D’s/ F’s in the last semester (OR 2.520, CI 1.614, 6.711,p < .001). For males, results indicated that male students at highest risk included those who held negative feelings toward school (OR 2.364, CI 1.365, 4.094, p < .01), felt things learned in school would not be important later in life (OR 3.470, CI 1.951, 6.173, p < .001), and received mostly C’s/ D’s/F’s in the last semester (OR 2.733, CI 1.734, 4.309, p < .001). In the final model, of those who felt that most or all students in their grade used marijuana, males were 3 ½ times (OR 3.418, CI 1.741, 6.711, p < .001) and females were 8 times (OR 8.288, CI 3.526, 19.480, p < .001) more likely to have recently used marijuana. Such findings can be used by prevention specialists and health educators to develop and implement marijuana prevention programs and interventions specifically tailored to African American adolescents. Recommendations for future research are included.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Wu, L. T., Woody, G. E., Yang, C., Pan, J. J., & Blazer, D. G. (2011). Racial/ethnic variations in substance-related disorders among adolescents in the United States. Archives of General Psychiatry, 68(11), 1176–1185.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Wu, L. T., Woody, G. E., Yang, C., Pan, J. J., & Blazer, D. G. (2011). Racial/ethnic variations in substance-related disorders among adolescents in the United States. Archives of General Psychiatry, 68(11), 1176–1185.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
3.
go back to reference Reboussin, B. A., Green, K. M., Milam, A. J., Furr-Holden, C. D., & Ialongo, N. S. (2014). Neighborhood environment and urban African American marijuana use during high school. Journal of Urban Health, 91(6), 1189–1201.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Reboussin, B. A., Green, K. M., Milam, A. J., Furr-Holden, C. D., & Ialongo, N. S. (2014). Neighborhood environment and urban African American marijuana use during high school. Journal of Urban Health, 91(6), 1189–1201.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
4.
go back to reference Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). (2012). Comparing and evaluating youth substance use estimates from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health and other surveys, (HHS Publication No. SMA 12-4727, Methodology Series M-9). Rockville: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. . Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). (2012). Comparing and evaluating youth substance use estimates from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health and other surveys, (HHS Publication No. SMA 12-4727, Methodology Series M-9). Rockville: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. .
5.
go back to reference Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). (2015). Behavioral Health Barometer United States, 2015 (HHS Publication No. SMA-16-Baro-2015). Rockville: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). (2015). Behavioral Health Barometer United States, 2015 (HHS Publication No. SMA-16-Baro-2015). Rockville: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration.
6.
go back to reference Kann, L., McManus, T., Harris, W. A., Shanklin, S. L., Flint, K. H., Queen, B., Lowry, R., Chyen, D., Whittle, L., Thornton, J., Lim, C., Bradford, D., Yamakawa, Y., Leon, M., Brener, N., & Ethier, K. A. (2018). Youth risk behavior surveillance – United States 2017. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report Surveillance Summaries, 67(8), 1–144.PubMedPubMedCentral Kann, L., McManus, T., Harris, W. A., Shanklin, S. L., Flint, K. H., Queen, B., Lowry, R., Chyen, D., Whittle, L., Thornton, J., Lim, C., Bradford, D., Yamakawa, Y., Leon, M., Brener, N., & Ethier, K. A. (2018). Youth risk behavior surveillance – United States 2017. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report Surveillance Summaries, 67(8), 1–144.PubMedPubMedCentral
10.
go back to reference Reboussin, B. A., Hubbard, S., & Ialongo, N. S. (2007). Marijuana use patterns among African American middle-school students: A longitudinal latent class regression analysis. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 90(1), 12–24.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Reboussin, B. A., Hubbard, S., & Ialongo, N. S. (2007). Marijuana use patterns among African American middle-school students: A longitudinal latent class regression analysis. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 90(1), 12–24.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
11.
go back to reference Horwood, L., Fergusson, D., Hayatbakhsh, M., Najman, J., Coffey, C., Patton, G., Silins, E., & Hutchinson, D. M. (2010). Cannabis use and educational achievement: Findings from three Australian cohort studies. Drug Alcohol Dependence, 110, 247–253.CrossRefPubMed Horwood, L., Fergusson, D., Hayatbakhsh, M., Najman, J., Coffey, C., Patton, G., Silins, E., & Hutchinson, D. M. (2010). Cannabis use and educational achievement: Findings from three Australian cohort studies. Drug Alcohol Dependence, 110, 247–253.CrossRefPubMed
12.
go back to reference Lynskey, M. T., Coffey, C., Degenhardt, L., Carlin, J. E., & Patton, G. (2003). A longitudinal study of the effects of adolescent cannabis use on high school completion. Addiction, 98, 685–692.CrossRefPubMed Lynskey, M. T., Coffey, C., Degenhardt, L., Carlin, J. E., & Patton, G. (2003). A longitudinal study of the effects of adolescent cannabis use on high school completion. Addiction, 98, 685–692.CrossRefPubMed
13.
go back to reference Wagner, F., & Anthony, J. (2002). Into the world of illegal drug use: Exposure opportunity and other mechanisms linking the use of alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, and cocaine. American Journal of Epidemiology, 155, 918–925.CrossRefPubMed Wagner, F., & Anthony, J. (2002). Into the world of illegal drug use: Exposure opportunity and other mechanisms linking the use of alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, and cocaine. American Journal of Epidemiology, 155, 918–925.CrossRefPubMed
15.
go back to reference Clark, T. T., Belgrave, F. Z., & Abell, M. (2012). The mediating and moderating effects of parent and peer influences upon drug use among African American adolescents. Journal of Black Psychology, 38(1), 52–80.CrossRef Clark, T. T., Belgrave, F. Z., & Abell, M. (2012). The mediating and moderating effects of parent and peer influences upon drug use among African American adolescents. Journal of Black Psychology, 38(1), 52–80.CrossRef
17.
go back to reference Vidourek, R. A., King, K. A., & Montgomery, L. (2015). Psychosocial determinants of marijuana use among African American youth. Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse, 11, 1–23. Vidourek, R. A., King, K. A., & Montgomery, L. (2015). Psychosocial determinants of marijuana use among African American youth. Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse, 11, 1–23.
20.
go back to reference Catalano, R. F., Haggerty, K. P., Oesterle, S., Fleming, C. B., & Hawkins, J. D. (2004). The importance of bonding to school for healthy development: Findings from the social development research group. Journal of School Health, 74, 252–261.CrossRefPubMed Catalano, R. F., Haggerty, K. P., Oesterle, S., Fleming, C. B., & Hawkins, J. D. (2004). The importance of bonding to school for healthy development: Findings from the social development research group. Journal of School Health, 74, 252–261.CrossRefPubMed
21.
go back to reference Resnick, M. D., Bearman, P. S., Blum, R. W., Bauman, K. E., Harris, K. M., Jones, J., et al. (1997). Protecting adolescents from harm: Findings from the National Longitudinal Study on Adolescent Health. Journal of the American Medical Association, 278, 823–832.CrossRefPubMed Resnick, M. D., Bearman, P. S., Blum, R. W., Bauman, K. E., Harris, K. M., Jones, J., et al. (1997). Protecting adolescents from harm: Findings from the National Longitudinal Study on Adolescent Health. Journal of the American Medical Association, 278, 823–832.CrossRefPubMed
22.
go back to reference Wright, D. R., & Fitzpatrick, K. M. (2004). Psychosocial correlates of substance use behaviors among African American youth. Adolescence, 39(156), 653–667.PubMed Wright, D. R., & Fitzpatrick, K. M. (2004). Psychosocial correlates of substance use behaviors among African American youth. Adolescence, 39(156), 653–667.PubMed
23.
go back to reference Myers, L. (2013). Substance use among rural African American adolescents: Identifying risk and protective factors. Child Adolescent Social Work Journal, 30, 79–93.CrossRef Myers, L. (2013). Substance use among rural African American adolescents: Identifying risk and protective factors. Child Adolescent Social Work Journal, 30, 79–93.CrossRef
25.
go back to reference Hill, D., & Mrug, S. (2015). School-level correlates of adolescent tobacco, alcohol and marijuana use. Substance Use & Misuse, 50, 1518–1528.CrossRef Hill, D., & Mrug, S. (2015). School-level correlates of adolescent tobacco, alcohol and marijuana use. Substance Use & Misuse, 50, 1518–1528.CrossRef
26.
go back to reference Chromy, J. R., Feder, M., Gfroerer, J., Hirsch, E., Kennet, J., Morton, K. B., et al. (2009). Reliability of key measures in the National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Rockville: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied Studies. Chromy, J. R., Feder, M., Gfroerer, J., Hirsch, E., Kennet, J., Morton, K. B., et al. (2009). Reliability of key measures in the National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Rockville: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied Studies.
27.
go back to reference Fendrich, M. I., Johnson, T. P., Sudman, S., Wislar, J. S., & Spiehler, V. (1999). Validity of drug use reporting in a high-risk community sample: A comparison of cocain and heroin survey reports with hair tests. American Journal of Epidemiology, 149(10), 955–962.CrossRefPubMed Fendrich, M. I., Johnson, T. P., Sudman, S., Wislar, J. S., & Spiehler, V. (1999). Validity of drug use reporting in a high-risk community sample: A comparison of cocain and heroin survey reports with hair tests. American Journal of Epidemiology, 149(10), 955–962.CrossRefPubMed
28.
go back to reference Gfroerer, J., Eyerman, J., & Chromy, J. (Eds.). (2002). Redesigning an ongoing national household survey: Methodological issues (DHHS Publication No. SMA 03-3768). Rockville: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied Studies. Gfroerer, J., Eyerman, J., & Chromy, J. (Eds.). (2002). Redesigning an ongoing national household survey: Methodological issues (DHHS Publication No. SMA 03-3768). Rockville: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied Studies.
29.
go back to reference Brown, T. L., Flory, K., Lyam, D. R., Leukefield, C., & Clayton, R. R. (2004). Comparing the developmental trajectories of marijuana and use of African American and Caucasian adolescents: Patterns, antecedents, and consequences. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 12(1), 47–56.CrossRefPubMed Brown, T. L., Flory, K., Lyam, D. R., Leukefield, C., & Clayton, R. R. (2004). Comparing the developmental trajectories of marijuana and use of African American and Caucasian adolescents: Patterns, antecedents, and consequences. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 12(1), 47–56.CrossRefPubMed
30.
go back to reference Juon, H. S., Fothergill, K. E., Green, K. M., Doherty, E. E., & Ensminger, M. E. (2011). Antecedens and consequences of marijuana use trajectories over the life course in an African American population. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 118(2–3), 216–223.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Juon, H. S., Fothergill, K. E., Green, K. M., Doherty, E. E., & Ensminger, M. E. (2011). Antecedens and consequences of marijuana use trajectories over the life course in an African American population. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 118(2–3), 216–223.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
31.
go back to reference Shillington, A. M., & Clapp, J. D. (2003). Adolescents in public substance abuse treatment programs: The impacts of sex and race on referrals and outcomes. Journal of Child and Adolescent Substance Abuse, 12, 69–91.CrossRef Shillington, A. M., & Clapp, J. D. (2003). Adolescents in public substance abuse treatment programs: The impacts of sex and race on referrals and outcomes. Journal of Child and Adolescent Substance Abuse, 12, 69–91.CrossRef
32.
go back to reference Chen, P., & Jacobson, K. (2012). Developmental trajectories of substance use from early adolescence to young adulthood: Gender and racial/ethnic differences. Journal of Adolescent Health, 50(2), 154–163.CrossRefPubMed Chen, P., & Jacobson, K. (2012). Developmental trajectories of substance use from early adolescence to young adulthood: Gender and racial/ethnic differences. Journal of Adolescent Health, 50(2), 154–163.CrossRefPubMed
33.
go back to reference Browning, S. (2012). Neighborhood, school, and family effects on the frequency of alcohol use among Toronto youth. Substance Use and Misuse, 47(1), 31–43.CrossRefPubMed Browning, S. (2012). Neighborhood, school, and family effects on the frequency of alcohol use among Toronto youth. Substance Use and Misuse, 47(1), 31–43.CrossRefPubMed
34.
go back to reference Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2009). School connectedness: Strategies for increasing protective factors among youth. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2009). School connectedness: Strategies for increasing protective factors among youth. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
35.
go back to reference Vaughan, E., Kratz, L., & d’Argent, J. (2011). Academics and substance use among Latino adolescents: Results from a national study. Journal of Ethnicity and Substance Abuse, 10(2), 147–161.CrossRef Vaughan, E., Kratz, L., & d’Argent, J. (2011). Academics and substance use among Latino adolescents: Results from a national study. Journal of Ethnicity and Substance Abuse, 10(2), 147–161.CrossRef
36.
go back to reference Cox, R. G., Zhang, L., Johnson, W. D., & Bender, D. R. (2007). Academic performance and substance use: Findings from a state survey of public high school students. Journal of School Health, 77(3), 109–115.CrossRefPubMed Cox, R. G., Zhang, L., Johnson, W. D., & Bender, D. R. (2007). Academic performance and substance use: Findings from a state survey of public high school students. Journal of School Health, 77(3), 109–115.CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
Sex Differences in the Association Between School Experiences and Marijuana Use Among African American Adolescents
Authors
Rebecca A. Vidourek
Keith A. King
Publication date
01-06-2019
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Journal of Community Health / Issue 3/2019
Print ISSN: 0094-5145
Electronic ISSN: 1573-3610
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-019-00652-7

Other articles of this Issue 3/2019

Journal of Community Health 3/2019 Go to the issue