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Annals of Intensive Care
Published in: Annals of Intensive Care 1/2022

Open Access 01-12-2022 | Septicemia | Research

Severe but reversible impaired diaphragm function in septic mechanically ventilated patients

Authors: Marie Lecronier, Boris Jung, Nicolas Molinari, Jérôme Pinot, Thomas Similowski, Samir Jaber, Alexandre Demoule, Martin Dres

Published in: Annals of Intensive Care | Issue 1/2022

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Abstract

Background

Whether sepsis-associated diaphragm dysfunction may improve despite the exposure of mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients is unclear. This study aims at describing the diaphragm function time course of septic and non-septic mechanically ventilated patients.

Methods

Secondary analysis of two prospective observational studies of mechanically ventilated patients in whom diaphragm function was assessed twice: within the 24 h after intubation and when patients were switched to pressure support mode, by measuring the endotracheal pressure in response to bilateral anterior magnetic phrenic nerve stimulation (Ptr,stim). Change in diaphragm function was expressed as the difference between Ptr,stim measured under pressure support mode and Ptr,stim measured within the 24 h after intubation. Sepsis was defined according to the Sepsis-3 international guidelines upon inclusion. In a sub-group of patients, the right hemidiaphragm thickness was measured by ultrasound.

Results

Ninety-two patients were enrolled in the study. Sepsis upon intubation was present in 51 (55%) patients. In septic patients, primary reason for ventilation was acute respiratory failure related to pneumonia (37/51; 73%). In non-septic patients, main reasons for ventilation were acute respiratory failure not related to pneumonia (16/41; 39%), coma (13/41; 32%) and cardiac arrest (6/41; 15%). Ptr,stim within 24 h after intubation was lower in septic patients as compared to non-septic patients: 6.3 (4.9–8.7) cmH2O vs. 9.8 (7.0–14.2) cmH2O (p = 0.004), respectively. The median (interquartile) duration of mechanical ventilation between first and second diaphragm evaluation was 4 (2–6) days in septic patients and 3 (2–4) days in non-septic patients (p = 0.073). Between first and second measurements, the change in Ptr,stim was + 19% (− 13–61) in septic patients and − 7% (− 40–12) in non-septic patients (p = 0.005). In the sub-group of patients with ultrasound measurements, end-expiratory diaphragm thickness decreased in both, septic and non-septic patients. The 28-day mortality was higher in patients with decrease or no change in diaphragm function.

Conclusion

Septic patients were associated with a more severe but reversible impaired diaphragm function as compared to non-septic patients. Increase in diaphragm function was associated with a better survival.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Severe but reversible impaired diaphragm function in septic mechanically ventilated patients
Authors
Marie Lecronier
Boris Jung
Nicolas Molinari
Jérôme Pinot
Thomas Similowski
Samir Jaber
Alexandre Demoule
Martin Dres
Publication date
01-12-2022
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Annals of Intensive Care / Issue 1/2022
Electronic ISSN: 2110-5820
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13613-022-01005-9

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