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European Journal of Medical Research
Published in: European Journal of Medical Research 1/2023

Open Access 01-12-2023 | Septicemia | Research

Comprehensive analysis of immune cell landscapes revealed that immune cell ratio eosinophil/B.cell.memory is predictive of survival in sepsis

Authors: Lei Wang, Guoan Zhang, Wenjie Sun, Yan Zhang, Yi Tian, Xiaohui Yang, Yingfu Liu

Published in: European Journal of Medical Research | Issue 1/2023

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Abstract

Background

Immune dysregulation is a feature of sepsis. However, a comprehensive analysis of the immune landscapes in septic patients has not been conducted.

Objectives

This study aims to explore the abundance ratios of immune cells in sepsis and investigate their clinical value.

Methods

Sepsis transcriptome data sets were downloaded from the NCBI GEO database. The immunedeconv R package was employed to analyze the abundance of immune cells in sepsis patients and calculate the ratios of different immune cell types. Differential analysis of immune cell ratios was performed using the t test. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient was utilized to find the relationships between immune cell abundance and pathways. The prognostic significance of immune cell ratios for patient survival probability was assessed using the log-rank test. In addition, differential gene expression was performed using the limma package, and gene co-expression analysis was executed using the WGCNA package.

Results

We found significant changes in immune cell ratios between sepsis patients and healthy controls. Some of these ratios were associated with 28-day survival. Certain pathways showed significant correlations with immune cell ratios. Notably, six immune cell ratios demonstrated discriminative ability for patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), bacterial sepsis, and viral sepsis, with an Area Under the Curve (AUC) larger than 0.84. Patients with a high eosinophil/B.cell.memory ratio exhibited poor survival outcomes. A total of 774 differential genes were identified in sepsis patients with a high eosinophil/B.cell.memory ratio compared to those with a low ratio. These genes were organized into seven co-expression modules associated with relevant pathways, including interferon signaling, T-cell receptor signaling, and specific granule pathways.

Conclusions

Immune cell ratios eosinophil/B.cell.memory and NK.cell.activated/NK.cell.resting in sepsis patients can be utilized for disease subtyping, prognosis, and diagnosis. The proposed cell ratios may have higher prognostic values than the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR).
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Metadata
Title
Comprehensive analysis of immune cell landscapes revealed that immune cell ratio eosinophil/B.cell.memory is predictive of survival in sepsis
Authors
Lei Wang
Guoan Zhang
Wenjie Sun
Yan Zhang
Yi Tian
Xiaohui Yang
Yingfu Liu
Publication date
01-12-2023
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
European Journal of Medical Research / Issue 1/2023
Electronic ISSN: 2047-783X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-023-01506-8

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