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11-04-2024 | Septal Defect | Research

Exposure to Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Congenital Heart Diseases: The Pooled Results Based on the Current Evidence

Authors: Jiangtao Dai, Gang Wang, Chun Wu, Zhengxia Pan, Hongbo Li, Lianju Shen, Yuhao Wu

Abstract

The relationships between maternal exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and congenital heart diseases (CHD) are not elucidated yet. The exposure levels of EDCs are generally estimated based on self-reported questionnaires or occupational exposure evaluations in the literature. Therefore, a study based on epidemiological data from human biospecimens is required to provide stronger evidence between maternal exposure to EDC and CHD. Embase, Pubmed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched for related research which provided risk estimates regarding the relationships between maternal EDC exposure and CHD in human offspring. Baseline characteristics and outcomes of CHD were extracted from each included study. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled to calculate the overall estimates of CHD. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were performed to identify the sources of heterogeneity. Bootstrapping techniques were used in analyses where several studies originated from a similar population. A total of seventeen studies were involved in the meta-analyses. Maternal EDC exposure was significantly related to CHD in offspring (OR 2.15; 95%CI 1.64 to 2.83). EDC exposure was significantly associated with septal defects (OR 2.34; 95%CI 1.77 to 3.10), conotruncal defects (OR 2.54; 95%CI 1.89 to 3.43), right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (OR 2.65; 95%CI 1.73 to 4.07), left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (OR 3.58; 95%CI 2.67 to 4.79), anomalous pulmonary venous return (OR 2.31; 95%CI 1.34 to 4.00), and other heart defects (OR 2.49; 95%CI 1.75 to 3.54). In addition, maternal exposure to heavy metals, which included lead (OR 2.19; 95%CI 1.29 to 3.71), cadmium (OR 1.81; 95%CI 1.28 to 2.56), mercury (OR 2.23; 95%CI 1.13 to 4.44), and manganese (OR 2.65; 95%CI 1.48 to 4.74), increased risks for CHD significantly. In conclusion, based on the latest evidence, maternal EDC exposure may increase CHD risks in human offspring, especially in heavy metal exposure conditions.

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Title: Exposure to Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Congenital Heart Diseases: The Pooled Results Based on the Current Evidence
Authors: Jiangtao Dai
Gang Wang
Chun Wu
Zhengxia Pan
Hongbo Li
Lianju Shen
Yuhao Wu
Publication date: 11-04-2024
Publisher: Springer US
Keywords: Septal Defect
Folic Acid
Published in: Pediatric Cardiology
Print ISSN: 0172-0643
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1971
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-024-03478-w

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