Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance 1/2020

Open Access 01-12-2020 | Review

SCMR Position Paper (2020) on clinical indications for cardiovascular magnetic resonance

Authors: Tim Leiner, Jan Bogaert, Matthias G. Friedrich, Raad Mohiaddin, Vivek Muthurangu, Saul Myerson, Andrew J. Powell, Subha V. Raman, Dudley J. Pennell

Published in: Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance | Issue 1/2020

Login to get access

Abstract

The Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (SCMR) last published its comprehensive expert panel report of clinical indications for CMR in 2004. This new Consensus Panel report brings those indications up to date for 2020 and includes the very substantial increase in scanning techniques, clinical applicability and adoption of CMR worldwide. We have used a nearly identical grading system for indications as in 2004 to ensure comparability with the previous report but have added the presence of randomized controlled trials as evidence for level 1 indications. In addition to the text, tables of the consensus indication levels are included for rapid assimilation and illustrative figures of some key techniques are provided.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Pennell DJ, Sechtem UP, Higgins CB, et al. Clinical indications for cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR): consensus panel report. Eur Heart J. 2004;25(21):1940–65.CrossRef Pennell DJ, Sechtem UP, Higgins CB, et al. Clinical indications for cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR): consensus panel report. Eur Heart J. 2004;25(21):1940–65.CrossRef
2.
go back to reference Babu-Narayan SV, Goktekin O, Moon JC, et al. Late gadolinium enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance of the systemic right ventricle in adults with previous atrial redirection surgery for transposition of the great arteries. Circulation. 2005;111(16):2091–8.CrossRef Babu-Narayan SV, Goktekin O, Moon JC, et al. Late gadolinium enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance of the systemic right ventricle in adults with previous atrial redirection surgery for transposition of the great arteries. Circulation. 2005;111(16):2091–8.CrossRef
3.
go back to reference Babu-Narayan SV, Kilner PJ, Li W, et al. Ventricular fibrosis suggested by cardiovascular magnetic resonance in adults with repaired tetralogy of fallot and its relationship to adverse markers of clinical outcome. Circulation. 2006;113(3):405–13.CrossRef Babu-Narayan SV, Kilner PJ, Li W, et al. Ventricular fibrosis suggested by cardiovascular magnetic resonance in adults with repaired tetralogy of fallot and its relationship to adverse markers of clinical outcome. Circulation. 2006;113(3):405–13.CrossRef
4.
go back to reference Dusenbery SM, Jerosch-Herold M, Rickers C, et al. Myocardial extracellular remodeling is associated with ventricular diastolic dysfunction in children and young adults with congenital aortic stenosis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63(17):1778–85.CrossRef Dusenbery SM, Jerosch-Herold M, Rickers C, et al. Myocardial extracellular remodeling is associated with ventricular diastolic dysfunction in children and young adults with congenital aortic stenosis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63(17):1778–85.CrossRef
5.
go back to reference Rathod RH, Prakash A, Powell AJ, Geva T. Myocardial fibrosis identified by cardiac magnetic resonance late gadolinium enhancement is associated with adverse ventricular mechanics and ventricular tachycardia late after Fontan operation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;55(16):1721–8.CrossRef Rathod RH, Prakash A, Powell AJ, Geva T. Myocardial fibrosis identified by cardiac magnetic resonance late gadolinium enhancement is associated with adverse ventricular mechanics and ventricular tachycardia late after Fontan operation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;55(16):1721–8.CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Wald RM, Haber I, Wald R, Valente AM, Powell AJ, Geva T. Effects of regional dysfunction and late gadolinium enhancement on global right ventricular function and exercise capacity in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot. Circulation. 2009;119(10):1370–7.CrossRef Wald RM, Haber I, Wald R, Valente AM, Powell AJ, Geva T. Effects of regional dysfunction and late gadolinium enhancement on global right ventricular function and exercise capacity in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot. Circulation. 2009;119(10):1370–7.CrossRef
7.
go back to reference Brown DW, Gauvreau K, Powell AJ, et al. Cardiac magnetic resonance versus routine cardiac catheterization before bidirectional glenn anastomosis in infants with functional single ventricle: a prospective randomized trial. Circulation. 2007;116(23):2718–25.CrossRef Brown DW, Gauvreau K, Powell AJ, et al. Cardiac magnetic resonance versus routine cardiac catheterization before bidirectional glenn anastomosis in infants with functional single ventricle: a prospective randomized trial. Circulation. 2007;116(23):2718–25.CrossRef
8.
go back to reference Geva T, Greil GF, Marshall AC, Landzberg M, Powell AJ. Gadolinium-enhanced 3-dimensional magnetic resonance angiography of pulmonary blood supply in patients with complex pulmonary stenosis or atresia: comparison with x-ray angiography. Circulation. 2002;106(4):473–8.CrossRef Geva T, Greil GF, Marshall AC, Landzberg M, Powell AJ. Gadolinium-enhanced 3-dimensional magnetic resonance angiography of pulmonary blood supply in patients with complex pulmonary stenosis or atresia: comparison with x-ray angiography. Circulation. 2002;106(4):473–8.CrossRef
9.
go back to reference Baumgartner H, Bonhoeffer P, De Groot NM, et al. ESC Guidelines for the management of grown-up congenital heart disease (new version 2010). Eur Heart J. 2010;31(23):2915–57.CrossRef Baumgartner H, Bonhoeffer P, De Groot NM, et al. ESC Guidelines for the management of grown-up congenital heart disease (new version 2010). Eur Heart J. 2010;31(23):2915–57.CrossRef
10.
go back to reference Kilner PJ, Geva T, Kaemmerer H, Trindade PT, Schwitter J, Webb GD. Recommendations for cardiovascular magnetic resonance in adults with congenital heart disease from the respective working groups of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J. 2010;31(7):794–805.CrossRef Kilner PJ, Geva T, Kaemmerer H, Trindade PT, Schwitter J, Webb GD. Recommendations for cardiovascular magnetic resonance in adults with congenital heart disease from the respective working groups of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J. 2010;31(7):794–805.CrossRef
11.
go back to reference Stout KK, Daniels CJ, Aboulhosn JA, et al. 2018 AHA/ACC guideline for the management of adults with congenital heart disease: executive summary: a report of the american college of cardiology/american heart association task force on clinical practice guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;139:14. Stout KK, Daniels CJ, Aboulhosn JA, et al. 2018 AHA/ACC guideline for the management of adults with congenital heart disease: executive summary: a report of the american college of cardiology/american heart association task force on clinical practice guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;139:14.
12.
go back to reference Buechel EV, Kaiser T, Jackson C, Schmitz A, Kellenberger CJ. Normal right- and left ventricular volumes and myocardial mass in children measured by steady state free precession cardiovascular magnetic resonance. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2009;11:19.CrossRef Buechel EV, Kaiser T, Jackson C, Schmitz A, Kellenberger CJ. Normal right- and left ventricular volumes and myocardial mass in children measured by steady state free precession cardiovascular magnetic resonance. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2009;11:19.CrossRef
13.
go back to reference Robbers-Visser D, Boersma E, Helbing WA. Normal biventricular function, volumes, and mass in children aged 8 to 17 years. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2009;29(3):552–9.CrossRef Robbers-Visser D, Boersma E, Helbing WA. Normal biventricular function, volumes, and mass in children aged 8 to 17 years. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2009;29(3):552–9.CrossRef
14.
go back to reference Sarikouch S, Peters B, Gutberlet M, et al. Sex-specific pediatric percentiles for ventricular size and mass as reference values for cardiac MRI: assessment by steady-state free-precession and phase-contrast MRI flow. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2010;3(1):65–76.CrossRef Sarikouch S, Peters B, Gutberlet M, et al. Sex-specific pediatric percentiles for ventricular size and mass as reference values for cardiac MRI: assessment by steady-state free-precession and phase-contrast MRI flow. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2010;3(1):65–76.CrossRef
15.
go back to reference Blalock SE, Banka P, Geva T, Powell AJ, Zhou J, Prakash A. Interstudy variability in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging measurements of ventricular volume, mass, and ejection fraction in repaired tetralogy of Fallot: a prospective observational study. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2013;38(4):829–35.CrossRef Blalock SE, Banka P, Geva T, Powell AJ, Zhou J, Prakash A. Interstudy variability in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging measurements of ventricular volume, mass, and ejection fraction in repaired tetralogy of Fallot: a prospective observational study. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2013;38(4):829–35.CrossRef
16.
go back to reference Mooij CF, de Wit CJ, Graham DA, Powell AJ, Geva T. Reproducibility of MRI measurements of right ventricular size and function in patients with normal and dilated ventricles. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2008;28(1):67–73.CrossRef Mooij CF, de Wit CJ, Graham DA, Powell AJ, Geva T. Reproducibility of MRI measurements of right ventricular size and function in patients with normal and dilated ventricles. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2008;28(1):67–73.CrossRef
17.
go back to reference Sheehan FH, Kilner PJ, Sahn DJ, et al. Accuracy of knowledge-based reconstruction for measurement of right ventricular volume and function in patients with tetralogy of Fallot. Am J Cardiol. 2010;105(7):993–9.CrossRef Sheehan FH, Kilner PJ, Sahn DJ, et al. Accuracy of knowledge-based reconstruction for measurement of right ventricular volume and function in patients with tetralogy of Fallot. Am J Cardiol. 2010;105(7):993–9.CrossRef
18.
go back to reference Winter MM, Bernink FJ, Groenink M, et al. Evaluating the systemic right ventricle by CMR: the importance of consistent and reproducible delineation of the cavity. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2008;10:40.CrossRef Winter MM, Bernink FJ, Groenink M, et al. Evaluating the systemic right ventricle by CMR: the importance of consistent and reproducible delineation of the cavity. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2008;10:40.CrossRef
19.
go back to reference Beerbaum P, Korperich H, Barth P, Esdorn H, Gieseke J, Meyer H. Noninvasive quantification of left-to-right shunt in pediatric patients: phase-contrast cine magnetic resonance imaging compared with invasive oximetry. Circulation. 2001;103(20):2476–82.CrossRef Beerbaum P, Korperich H, Barth P, Esdorn H, Gieseke J, Meyer H. Noninvasive quantification of left-to-right shunt in pediatric patients: phase-contrast cine magnetic resonance imaging compared with invasive oximetry. Circulation. 2001;103(20):2476–82.CrossRef
20.
go back to reference Hundley WG, Li HF, Lange RA, et al. Assessment of left-to-right intracardiac shunting by velocity-encoded, phase-difference magnetic resonance imaging. A comparison with oximetric and indicator dilution techniques. Circulation. 1995;91(12):2955–60.CrossRef Hundley WG, Li HF, Lange RA, et al. Assessment of left-to-right intracardiac shunting by velocity-encoded, phase-difference magnetic resonance imaging. A comparison with oximetric and indicator dilution techniques. Circulation. 1995;91(12):2955–60.CrossRef
21.
go back to reference Muthurangu V, Taylor A, Andriantsimiavona R, et al. Novel method of quantifying pulmonary vascular resistance by use of simultaneous invasive pressure monitoring and phase-contrast magnetic resonance flow. Circulation. 2004;110(7):826–34.CrossRef Muthurangu V, Taylor A, Andriantsimiavona R, et al. Novel method of quantifying pulmonary vascular resistance by use of simultaneous invasive pressure monitoring and phase-contrast magnetic resonance flow. Circulation. 2004;110(7):826–34.CrossRef
22.
go back to reference Prompona M, Muehling O, Naebauer M, Schoenberg SO, Reiser M, Huber A. MRI for detection of anomalous pulmonary venous drainage in patients with sinus venosus atrial septal defects. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2011;27(3):403–12.CrossRef Prompona M, Muehling O, Naebauer M, Schoenberg SO, Reiser M, Huber A. MRI for detection of anomalous pulmonary venous drainage in patients with sinus venosus atrial septal defects. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2011;27(3):403–12.CrossRef
23.
go back to reference Valente AM, Sena L, Powell AJ, Del Nido PJ, Geva T. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of sinus venosus defects: comparison to surgical findings. Pediatr Cardiol. 2007;28(1):51–6.CrossRef Valente AM, Sena L, Powell AJ, Del Nido PJ, Geva T. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of sinus venosus defects: comparison to surgical findings. Pediatr Cardiol. 2007;28(1):51–6.CrossRef
24.
go back to reference Beerbaum P, Korperich H, Esdorn H, et al. Atrial septal defects in pediatric patients: noninvasive sizing with cardiovascular MR imaging. Radiology. 2003;228(2):361–9.CrossRef Beerbaum P, Korperich H, Esdorn H, et al. Atrial septal defects in pediatric patients: noninvasive sizing with cardiovascular MR imaging. Radiology. 2003;228(2):361–9.CrossRef
25.
go back to reference Teo KS, Disney PJ, Dundon BK, et al. Assessment of atrial septal defects in adults comparing cardiovascular magnetic resonance with transoesophageal echocardiography. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2010;12:44.CrossRef Teo KS, Disney PJ, Dundon BK, et al. Assessment of atrial septal defects in adults comparing cardiovascular magnetic resonance with transoesophageal echocardiography. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2010;12:44.CrossRef
26.
go back to reference Thomson LE, Crowley AL, Heitner JF, et al. Direct en face imaging of secundum atrial septal defects by velocity-encoded cardiovascular magnetic resonance in patients evaluated for possible transcatheter closure. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2008;1(1):31–40.CrossRef Thomson LE, Crowley AL, Heitner JF, et al. Direct en face imaging of secundum atrial septal defects by velocity-encoded cardiovascular magnetic resonance in patients evaluated for possible transcatheter closure. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2008;1(1):31–40.CrossRef
27.
go back to reference Mohrs OK, Petersen SE, Erkapic D, et al. Diagnosis of patent foramen ovale using contrast-enhanced dynamic MRI: a pilot study. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2005;184(1):234–40.CrossRef Mohrs OK, Petersen SE, Erkapic D, et al. Diagnosis of patent foramen ovale using contrast-enhanced dynamic MRI: a pilot study. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2005;184(1):234–40.CrossRef
28.
go back to reference Rustemli A, Bhatti TK, Wolff SD. Evaluating cardiac sources of embolic stroke with MRI. Echocardiography. 2007;24(3):301–8.CrossRef Rustemli A, Bhatti TK, Wolff SD. Evaluating cardiac sources of embolic stroke with MRI. Echocardiography. 2007;24(3):301–8.CrossRef
29.
go back to reference Bhatla P, Tretter JT, Ludomirsky A, et al. Utility and scope of rapid prototyping in patients with complex muscular ventricular septal defects or double-outlet right ventricle: does it alter management decisions? Pediatr Cardiol. 2017;38(1):103–14.CrossRef Bhatla P, Tretter JT, Ludomirsky A, et al. Utility and scope of rapid prototyping in patients with complex muscular ventricular septal defects or double-outlet right ventricle: does it alter management decisions? Pediatr Cardiol. 2017;38(1):103–14.CrossRef
30.
go back to reference Cawley PJ, Hamilton-Craig C, Owens DS, et al. Prospective comparison of valve regurgitation quantitation by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and transthoracic echocardiography. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013;6(1):48–57.CrossRef Cawley PJ, Hamilton-Craig C, Owens DS, et al. Prospective comparison of valve regurgitation quantitation by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and transthoracic echocardiography. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013;6(1):48–57.CrossRef
31.
go back to reference Uretsky S, Argulian E, Narula J, Wolff SD. Use of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in assessing mitral regurgitation: current evidence. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;71(5):547–63.CrossRef Uretsky S, Argulian E, Narula J, Wolff SD. Use of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in assessing mitral regurgitation: current evidence. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;71(5):547–63.CrossRef
32.
go back to reference Calkoen EE, Westenberg JJ, Kroft LJ, et al. Characterization and quantification of dynamic eccentric regurgitation of the left atrioventricular valve after atrioventricular septal defect correction with 4D Flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance and retrospective valve tracking. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2015;17:18.CrossRef Calkoen EE, Westenberg JJ, Kroft LJ, et al. Characterization and quantification of dynamic eccentric regurgitation of the left atrioventricular valve after atrioventricular septal defect correction with 4D Flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance and retrospective valve tracking. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2015;17:18.CrossRef
33.
go back to reference Grosse-Wortmann L, Al-Otay A, Yoo SJ. Aortopulmonary collaterals after bidirectional cavopulmonary connection or Fontan completion: quantification with MRI. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2009;2(3):219–25.CrossRef Grosse-Wortmann L, Al-Otay A, Yoo SJ. Aortopulmonary collaterals after bidirectional cavopulmonary connection or Fontan completion: quantification with MRI. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2009;2(3):219–25.CrossRef
34.
go back to reference Whitehead KK, Gillespie MJ, Harris MA, Fogel MA, Rome JJ. Noninvasive quantification of systemic-to-pulmonary collateral flow: a major source of inefficiency in patients with superior cavopulmonary connections. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2009;2(5):405–11.CrossRef Whitehead KK, Gillespie MJ, Harris MA, Fogel MA, Rome JJ. Noninvasive quantification of systemic-to-pulmonary collateral flow: a major source of inefficiency in patients with superior cavopulmonary connections. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2009;2(5):405–11.CrossRef
35.
go back to reference Buchner S, Debl K, Schmid FX, Luchner A, Djavidani B. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance assessment of the aortic valve stenosis: an in vivo and ex vivo study. BMC Med Imaging. 2015;15:34.CrossRef Buchner S, Debl K, Schmid FX, Luchner A, Djavidani B. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance assessment of the aortic valve stenosis: an in vivo and ex vivo study. BMC Med Imaging. 2015;15:34.CrossRef
36.
go back to reference Steeden JA, Jones A, Pandya B, Atkinson D, Taylor AM, Muthurangu V. High-resolution slice-selective Fourier velocity encoding in congenital heart disease using spiral SENSE with velocity unwrap. Magn Reson Med. 2012;67(6):1538–46.CrossRef Steeden JA, Jones A, Pandya B, Atkinson D, Taylor AM, Muthurangu V. High-resolution slice-selective Fourier velocity encoding in congenital heart disease using spiral SENSE with velocity unwrap. Magn Reson Med. 2012;67(6):1538–46.CrossRef
37.
go back to reference Tobler D, Yalonetsky S, Crean AM, et al. Right heart characteristics and exercise parameters in adults with Ebstein anomaly: new perspectives from cardiac magnetic resonance imaging studies. Int J Cardiol. 2013;165(1):146–50.CrossRef Tobler D, Yalonetsky S, Crean AM, et al. Right heart characteristics and exercise parameters in adults with Ebstein anomaly: new perspectives from cardiac magnetic resonance imaging studies. Int J Cardiol. 2013;165(1):146–50.CrossRef
38.
go back to reference Yalonetsky S, Tobler D, Greutmann M, et al. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and the assessment of ebstein anomaly in adults. Am J Cardiol. 2011;107(5):767–73.CrossRef Yalonetsky S, Tobler D, Greutmann M, et al. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and the assessment of ebstein anomaly in adults. Am J Cardiol. 2011;107(5):767–73.CrossRef
39.
go back to reference Rydman R, Shiina Y, Diller GP, et al. Major adverse events and atrial tachycardia in Ebstein’s anomaly predicted by cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Heart. 2018;104(1):37–44.CrossRef Rydman R, Shiina Y, Diller GP, et al. Major adverse events and atrial tachycardia in Ebstein’s anomaly predicted by cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Heart. 2018;104(1):37–44.CrossRef
40.
go back to reference Beroukhim RS, Jing L, Harrild DM, et al. Impact of the cone operation on left ventricular size, function, and dyssynchrony in Ebstein anomaly: a cardiovascular magnetic resonance study. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2018;20(1):32.CrossRef Beroukhim RS, Jing L, Harrild DM, et al. Impact of the cone operation on left ventricular size, function, and dyssynchrony in Ebstein anomaly: a cardiovascular magnetic resonance study. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2018;20(1):32.CrossRef
41.
go back to reference Li X, Wang SM, Schreiber C, et al. More than valve repair: Effect of cone reconstruction on right ventricular geometry and function in patients with Ebstein anomaly. Int J Cardiol. 2016;206:131–7.CrossRef Li X, Wang SM, Schreiber C, et al. More than valve repair: Effect of cone reconstruction on right ventricular geometry and function in patients with Ebstein anomaly. Int J Cardiol. 2016;206:131–7.CrossRef
42.
go back to reference Greil GF, Powell AJ, Gildein HP, Geva T. Gadolinium-enhanced three-dimensional magnetic resonance angiography of pulmonary and systemic venous anomalies. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;39(2):335–41.CrossRef Greil GF, Powell AJ, Gildein HP, Geva T. Gadolinium-enhanced three-dimensional magnetic resonance angiography of pulmonary and systemic venous anomalies. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;39(2):335–41.CrossRef
43.
go back to reference Prakash A, Torres AJ, Printz BF, Prince MR, Nielsen JC. Usefulness of magnetic resonance angiography in the evaluation of complex congenital heart disease in newborns and infants. Am J Cardiol. 2007;100(4):715–21.CrossRef Prakash A, Torres AJ, Printz BF, Prince MR, Nielsen JC. Usefulness of magnetic resonance angiography in the evaluation of complex congenital heart disease in newborns and infants. Am J Cardiol. 2007;100(4):715–21.CrossRef
44.
go back to reference Valsangiacomo Buchel ER, DiBernardo S, Bauersfeld U, Berger F. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography of the great arteries in patients with congenital heart disease: an accurate tool for planning catheter-guided interventions. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2005;21(2–3):313–22.CrossRef Valsangiacomo Buchel ER, DiBernardo S, Bauersfeld U, Berger F. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography of the great arteries in patients with congenital heart disease: an accurate tool for planning catheter-guided interventions. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2005;21(2–3):313–22.CrossRef
45.
go back to reference Godart F, Labrot G, Devos P, McFadden E, Rey C, Beregi JP. Coarctation of the aorta: comparison of aortic dimensions between conventional MR imaging, 3D MR angiography, and conventional angiography. Eur Radiol. 2002;12(8):2034–9.CrossRef Godart F, Labrot G, Devos P, McFadden E, Rey C, Beregi JP. Coarctation of the aorta: comparison of aortic dimensions between conventional MR imaging, 3D MR angiography, and conventional angiography. Eur Radiol. 2002;12(8):2034–9.CrossRef
46.
go back to reference Cantinotti M, Hegde S, Bell A, Razavi R. Diagnostic role of magnetic resonance imaging in identifying aortic arch anomalies. Congenit Heart Dis. 2008;3(2):117–23.CrossRef Cantinotti M, Hegde S, Bell A, Razavi R. Diagnostic role of magnetic resonance imaging in identifying aortic arch anomalies. Congenit Heart Dis. 2008;3(2):117–23.CrossRef
47.
go back to reference Eichhorn JG, Fink C, Delorme S, Hagl S, Kauczor HU, Ulmer HE. Magnetic resonance blood flow measurements in the follow-up of pediatric patients with aortic coarctation—a re-evaluation. Int J Cardiol. 2006;113(3):291–8.CrossRef Eichhorn JG, Fink C, Delorme S, Hagl S, Kauczor HU, Ulmer HE. Magnetic resonance blood flow measurements in the follow-up of pediatric patients with aortic coarctation—a re-evaluation. Int J Cardiol. 2006;113(3):291–8.CrossRef
48.
go back to reference Hom JJ, Ordovas K, Reddy GP. Velocity-encoded cine MR imaging in aortic coarctation: functional assessment of hemodynamic events. Radiographics. 2008;28(2):407–16.CrossRef Hom JJ, Ordovas K, Reddy GP. Velocity-encoded cine MR imaging in aortic coarctation: functional assessment of hemodynamic events. Radiographics. 2008;28(2):407–16.CrossRef
49.
go back to reference Julsrud PR, Breen JF, Felmlee JP, Warnes CA, Connolly HM, Schaff HV. Coarctation of the aorta: collateral flow assessment with phase-contrast MR angiography. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1997;169(6):1735–42.CrossRef Julsrud PR, Breen JF, Felmlee JP, Warnes CA, Connolly HM, Schaff HV. Coarctation of the aorta: collateral flow assessment with phase-contrast MR angiography. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1997;169(6):1735–42.CrossRef
50.
go back to reference Krieger EV, Clair M, Opotowsky AR, et al. Correlation of exercise response in repaired coarctation of the aorta to left ventricular mass and geometry. Am J Cardiol. 2013;111(3):406–11.CrossRef Krieger EV, Clair M, Opotowsky AR, et al. Correlation of exercise response in repaired coarctation of the aorta to left ventricular mass and geometry. Am J Cardiol. 2013;111(3):406–11.CrossRef
51.
go back to reference Oshinski JN, Parks WJ, Markou CP, et al. Improved measurement of pressure gradients in aortic coarctation by magnetic resonance imaging. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1996;28(7):1818–26.CrossRef Oshinski JN, Parks WJ, Markou CP, et al. Improved measurement of pressure gradients in aortic coarctation by magnetic resonance imaging. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1996;28(7):1818–26.CrossRef
52.
go back to reference Therrien J, Thorne SA, Wright A, Kilner PJ, Somerville J. Repaired coarctation: a “cost-effective” approach to identify complications in adults. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;35(4):997–1002.CrossRef Therrien J, Thorne SA, Wright A, Kilner PJ, Somerville J. Repaired coarctation: a “cost-effective” approach to identify complications in adults. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;35(4):997–1002.CrossRef
53.
go back to reference Leonardi B, Secinaro A, Cutrera R, et al. Imaging modalities in children with vascular ring and pulmonary artery sling. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2015;50(8):781–8.CrossRef Leonardi B, Secinaro A, Cutrera R, et al. Imaging modalities in children with vascular ring and pulmonary artery sling. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2015;50(8):781–8.CrossRef
54.
go back to reference Fogel MA, Pawlowski TW, Harris MA, et al. Comparison and usefulness of cardiac magnetic resonance versus computed tomography in infants six months of age or younger with aortic arch anomalies without deep sedation or anesthesia. Am J Cardiol. 2011;108(1):120–5.CrossRef Fogel MA, Pawlowski TW, Harris MA, et al. Comparison and usefulness of cardiac magnetic resonance versus computed tomography in infants six months of age or younger with aortic arch anomalies without deep sedation or anesthesia. Am J Cardiol. 2011;108(1):120–5.CrossRef
55.
go back to reference Beerbaum P, Sarikouch S, Laser KT, Greil G, Burchert W, Korperich H. Coronary anomalies assessed by whole-heart isotropic 3D magnetic resonance imaging for cardiac morphology in congenital heart disease. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2009;29(2):320–7.CrossRef Beerbaum P, Sarikouch S, Laser KT, Greil G, Burchert W, Korperich H. Coronary anomalies assessed by whole-heart isotropic 3D magnetic resonance imaging for cardiac morphology in congenital heart disease. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2009;29(2):320–7.CrossRef
56.
go back to reference Tangcharoen T, Bell A, Hegde S, et al. Detection of coronary artery anomalies in infants and young children with congenital heart disease by using MR imaging. Radiology. 2011;259(1):240–7.CrossRef Tangcharoen T, Bell A, Hegde S, et al. Detection of coronary artery anomalies in infants and young children with congenital heart disease by using MR imaging. Radiology. 2011;259(1):240–7.CrossRef
57.
go back to reference Ripley DP, Saha A, Teis A, et al. The distribution and prognosis of anomalous coronary arteries identified by cardiovascular magnetic resonance: 15 year experience from two tertiary centres. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2014;16:34.CrossRef Ripley DP, Saha A, Teis A, et al. The distribution and prognosis of anomalous coronary arteries identified by cardiovascular magnetic resonance: 15 year experience from two tertiary centres. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2014;16:34.CrossRef
58.
go back to reference Taylor AM, Thorne SA, Rubens MB, et al. Coronary artery imaging in grown up congenital heart disease: complementary role of magnetic resonance and x-ray coronary angiography. Circulation. 2000;101(14):1670–8.CrossRef Taylor AM, Thorne SA, Rubens MB, et al. Coronary artery imaging in grown up congenital heart disease: complementary role of magnetic resonance and x-ray coronary angiography. Circulation. 2000;101(14):1670–8.CrossRef
59.
go back to reference Roman KS, Kellenberger CJ, Farooq S, MacGowan CK, Gilday DL, Yoo SJ. Comparative imaging of differential pulmonary blood flow in patients with congenital heart disease: magnetic resonance imaging versus lung perfusion scintigraphy. Pediatr Radiol. 2005;35(3):295–301.CrossRef Roman KS, Kellenberger CJ, Farooq S, MacGowan CK, Gilday DL, Yoo SJ. Comparative imaging of differential pulmonary blood flow in patients with congenital heart disease: magnetic resonance imaging versus lung perfusion scintigraphy. Pediatr Radiol. 2005;35(3):295–301.CrossRef
60.
go back to reference Sridharan S, Derrick G, Deanfield J, Taylor AM. Assessment of differential branch pulmonary blood flow: a comparative study of phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging and radionuclide lung perfusion imaging. Heart. 2006;92(7):963–8.CrossRef Sridharan S, Derrick G, Deanfield J, Taylor AM. Assessment of differential branch pulmonary blood flow: a comparative study of phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging and radionuclide lung perfusion imaging. Heart. 2006;92(7):963–8.CrossRef
61.
go back to reference Giardini A, Khambadkone S, Taylor A, Derrick G. Effect of abnormal pulmonary flow distribution on ventilatory efficiency and exercise capacity after arterial switch operation for transposition of great arteries. Am J Cardiol. 2010;106(7):1023–8.CrossRef Giardini A, Khambadkone S, Taylor A, Derrick G. Effect of abnormal pulmonary flow distribution on ventilatory efficiency and exercise capacity after arterial switch operation for transposition of great arteries. Am J Cardiol. 2010;106(7):1023–8.CrossRef
62.
go back to reference Rodrigues R, Goncalves S, Abecasis J, Abecasis M. A rare case of ascending aortic stenosis. Eur Heart J. 2016;37(26):2054.CrossRef Rodrigues R, Goncalves S, Abecasis J, Abecasis M. A rare case of ascending aortic stenosis. Eur Heart J. 2016;37(26):2054.CrossRef
63.
go back to reference Farooqi KM, Uppu SC, Nguyen K, et al. Application of virtual three-dimensional models for simultaneous visualization of intracardiac anatomic relationships in double outlet right ventricle. Pediatr Cardiol. 2016;37(1):90–8.CrossRef Farooqi KM, Uppu SC, Nguyen K, et al. Application of virtual three-dimensional models for simultaneous visualization of intracardiac anatomic relationships in double outlet right ventricle. Pediatr Cardiol. 2016;37(1):90–8.CrossRef
64.
go back to reference Knauth AL, Gauvreau K, Powell AJ, et al. Ventricular size and function assessed by cardiac MRI predict major adverse clinical outcomes late after tetralogy of Fallot repair. Heart. 2008;94(2):211–6.CrossRef Knauth AL, Gauvreau K, Powell AJ, et al. Ventricular size and function assessed by cardiac MRI predict major adverse clinical outcomes late after tetralogy of Fallot repair. Heart. 2008;94(2):211–6.CrossRef
65.
go back to reference Orwat S, Diller GP, Kempny A, et al. Myocardial deformation parameters predict outcome in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot. Heart. 2016;102(3):209–15.CrossRef Orwat S, Diller GP, Kempny A, et al. Myocardial deformation parameters predict outcome in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot. Heart. 2016;102(3):209–15.CrossRef
66.
go back to reference Valente AM, Gauvreau K, Assenza GE, et al. Contemporary predictors of death and sustained ventricular tachycardia in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot enrolled in the INDICATOR cohort. Heart. 2014;100(3):247–53.CrossRef Valente AM, Gauvreau K, Assenza GE, et al. Contemporary predictors of death and sustained ventricular tachycardia in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot enrolled in the INDICATOR cohort. Heart. 2014;100(3):247–53.CrossRef
67.
go back to reference Frigiola A, Tsang V, Bull C, et al. Biventricular response after pulmonary valve replacement for right ventricular outflow tract dysfunction: is age a predictor of outcome? Circulation. 2008;118(14 Suppl):S182-190.CrossRef Frigiola A, Tsang V, Bull C, et al. Biventricular response after pulmonary valve replacement for right ventricular outflow tract dysfunction: is age a predictor of outcome? Circulation. 2008;118(14 Suppl):S182-190.CrossRef
68.
go back to reference Lee C, Kim YM, Lee CH, et al. Outcomes of pulmonary valve replacement in 170 patients with chronic pulmonary regurgitation after relief of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction: implications for optimal timing of pulmonary valve replacement. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;60(11):1005–14.CrossRef Lee C, Kim YM, Lee CH, et al. Outcomes of pulmonary valve replacement in 170 patients with chronic pulmonary regurgitation after relief of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction: implications for optimal timing of pulmonary valve replacement. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;60(11):1005–14.CrossRef
69.
go back to reference Oosterhof T, van Straten A, Vliegen HW, et al. Preoperative thresholds for pulmonary valve replacement in patients with corrected tetralogy of Fallot using cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Circulation. 2007;116(5):545–51.CrossRef Oosterhof T, van Straten A, Vliegen HW, et al. Preoperative thresholds for pulmonary valve replacement in patients with corrected tetralogy of Fallot using cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Circulation. 2007;116(5):545–51.CrossRef
70.
go back to reference Geva T. Repaired tetralogy of Fallot: the roles of cardiovascular magnetic resonance in evaluating pathophysiology and for pulmonary valve replacement decision support. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2011;13:9.CrossRef Geva T. Repaired tetralogy of Fallot: the roles of cardiovascular magnetic resonance in evaluating pathophysiology and for pulmonary valve replacement decision support. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2011;13:9.CrossRef
71.
go back to reference Rydman R, Gatzoulis MA, Ho SY, et al. Systemic right ventricular fibrosis detected by cardiovascular magnetic resonance is associated with clinical outcome, mainly new-onset atrial arrhythmia, in patients after atrial redirection surgery for transposition of the great arteries. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015;8:5.CrossRef Rydman R, Gatzoulis MA, Ho SY, et al. Systemic right ventricular fibrosis detected by cardiovascular magnetic resonance is associated with clinical outcome, mainly new-onset atrial arrhythmia, in patients after atrial redirection surgery for transposition of the great arteries. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015;8:5.CrossRef
72.
go back to reference Shepard CW, Germanakis I, White MT, Powell AJ, Co-Vu J, Geva T. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance findings late after the arterial switch operation. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016;9:9.CrossRef Shepard CW, Germanakis I, White MT, Powell AJ, Co-Vu J, Geva T. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance findings late after the arterial switch operation. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016;9:9.CrossRef
73.
go back to reference Ntsinjana HN, Tann O, Hughes M, et al. Utility of adenosine stress perfusion CMR to assess paediatric coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017;18(8):898–905.CrossRef Ntsinjana HN, Tann O, Hughes M, et al. Utility of adenosine stress perfusion CMR to assess paediatric coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017;18(8):898–905.CrossRef
74.
go back to reference Tobler D, Motwani M, Wald RM, et al. Evaluation of a comprehensive cardiovascular magnetic resonance protocol in young adults late after the arterial switch operation for d-transposition of the great arteries. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2014;16:98.CrossRef Tobler D, Motwani M, Wald RM, et al. Evaluation of a comprehensive cardiovascular magnetic resonance protocol in young adults late after the arterial switch operation for d-transposition of the great arteries. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2014;16:98.CrossRef
75.
go back to reference Dorfman AL, Geva T. Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of congenital heart disease: conotruncal anomalies. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2006;8(4):645–59.CrossRef Dorfman AL, Geva T. Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of congenital heart disease: conotruncal anomalies. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2006;8(4):645–59.CrossRef
76.
go back to reference Frank L, Dillman JR, Parish V, et al. Cardiovascular MR imaging of conotruncal anomalies. Radiographics. 2010;30(4):1069–94.CrossRef Frank L, Dillman JR, Parish V, et al. Cardiovascular MR imaging of conotruncal anomalies. Radiographics. 2010;30(4):1069–94.CrossRef
77.
go back to reference Fogel MA, Hubbard A, Weinberg PM. A simplified approach for assessment of intracardiac baffles and extracardiac conduits in congenital heart surgery with two- and three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging. Am Heart J. 2001;142(6):1028–36.CrossRef Fogel MA, Hubbard A, Weinberg PM. A simplified approach for assessment of intracardiac baffles and extracardiac conduits in congenital heart surgery with two- and three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging. Am Heart J. 2001;142(6):1028–36.CrossRef
78.
go back to reference Martinez JE, Mohiaddin RH, Kilner PJ, et al. Obstruction in extracardiac ventriculopulmonary conduits: value of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging with velocity mapping and Doppler echocardiography. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1992;20(2):338–44.CrossRef Martinez JE, Mohiaddin RH, Kilner PJ, et al. Obstruction in extracardiac ventriculopulmonary conduits: value of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging with velocity mapping and Doppler echocardiography. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1992;20(2):338–44.CrossRef
79.
go back to reference Hong YK, Park YW, Ryu SJ, et al. Efficacy of MRI in complicated congenital heart disease with visceral heterotaxy syndrome. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2000;24(5):671–82.CrossRef Hong YK, Park YW, Ryu SJ, et al. Efficacy of MRI in complicated congenital heart disease with visceral heterotaxy syndrome. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2000;24(5):671–82.CrossRef
80.
go back to reference Yim D, Nagata H, Lam CZ, et al. Disharmonious patterns of heterotaxy and isomerism: how often are the classic patterns breached? Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2018;11(2):e006917.CrossRef Yim D, Nagata H, Lam CZ, et al. Disharmonious patterns of heterotaxy and isomerism: how often are the classic patterns breached? Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2018;11(2):e006917.CrossRef
81.
go back to reference Banka P, Schaetzle B, Komarlu R, Emani S, Geva T, Powell AJ. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance parameters associated with early transplant-free survival in children with small left hearts following conversion from a univentricular to biventricular circulation. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2014;16:73.CrossRef Banka P, Schaetzle B, Komarlu R, Emani S, Geva T, Powell AJ. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance parameters associated with early transplant-free survival in children with small left hearts following conversion from a univentricular to biventricular circulation. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2014;16:73.CrossRef
82.
go back to reference Grosse-Wortmann L, Yun TJ, Al-Radi O, et al. Borderline hypoplasia of the left ventricle in neonates: insights for decision-making from functional assessment with magnetic resonance imaging. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2008;136(6):1429–36.CrossRef Grosse-Wortmann L, Yun TJ, Al-Radi O, et al. Borderline hypoplasia of the left ventricle in neonates: insights for decision-making from functional assessment with magnetic resonance imaging. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2008;136(6):1429–36.CrossRef
83.
go back to reference Brown DW, Gauvreau K, Powell AJ, et al. Cardiac magnetic resonance versus routine cardiac catheterization before bidirectional Glenn anastomosis: long-term follow-up of a prospective randomized trial. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2013;146(5):1172–8.CrossRef Brown DW, Gauvreau K, Powell AJ, et al. Cardiac magnetic resonance versus routine cardiac catheterization before bidirectional Glenn anastomosis: long-term follow-up of a prospective randomized trial. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2013;146(5):1172–8.CrossRef
84.
go back to reference Krupickova S, Muthurangu V, Hughes M, et al. Echocardiographic arterial measurements in complex congenital diseases before bidirectional Glenn: comparison with cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017;18(3):332–41. Krupickova S, Muthurangu V, Hughes M, et al. Echocardiographic arterial measurements in complex congenital diseases before bidirectional Glenn: comparison with cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017;18(3):332–41.
85.
go back to reference Muthurangu V, Taylor AM, Hegde SR, et al. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging after stage I Norwood operation for hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Circulation. 2005;112(21):3256–63.CrossRef Muthurangu V, Taylor AM, Hegde SR, et al. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging after stage I Norwood operation for hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Circulation. 2005;112(21):3256–63.CrossRef
86.
go back to reference Ait-Ali L, De Marchi D, Lombardi M, et al. The role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance in candidates for Fontan operation: proposal of a new algorithm. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2011;13:69.CrossRef Ait-Ali L, De Marchi D, Lombardi M, et al. The role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance in candidates for Fontan operation: proposal of a new algorithm. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2011;13:69.CrossRef
87.
go back to reference Fogel MA. Is routine cardiac catheterization necessary in the management of patients with single ventricles across staged Fontan reconstruction? No! Pediatr Cardiol. 2005;26(2):154–8.CrossRef Fogel MA. Is routine cardiac catheterization necessary in the management of patients with single ventricles across staged Fontan reconstruction? No! Pediatr Cardiol. 2005;26(2):154–8.CrossRef
88.
go back to reference Prakash A, Khan MA, Hardy R, Torres AJ, Chen JM, Gersony WM. A new diagnostic algorithm for assessment of patients with single ventricle before a Fontan operation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2009;138(4):917–23.CrossRef Prakash A, Khan MA, Hardy R, Torres AJ, Chen JM, Gersony WM. A new diagnostic algorithm for assessment of patients with single ventricle before a Fontan operation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2009;138(4):917–23.CrossRef
89.
go back to reference Glatz AC, Rome JJ, Small AJ, et al. Systemic-to-pulmonary collateral flow, as measured by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, is associated with acute post-Fontan clinical outcomes. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2012;5(2):218–25.CrossRef Glatz AC, Rome JJ, Small AJ, et al. Systemic-to-pulmonary collateral flow, as measured by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, is associated with acute post-Fontan clinical outcomes. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2012;5(2):218–25.CrossRef
90.
go back to reference Grosse-Wortmann L, Drolet C, Dragulescu A, et al. Aortopulmonary collateral flow volume affects early postoperative outcome after Fontan completion: a multimodality study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2012;144(6):1329–36.CrossRef Grosse-Wortmann L, Drolet C, Dragulescu A, et al. Aortopulmonary collateral flow volume affects early postoperative outcome after Fontan completion: a multimodality study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2012;144(6):1329–36.CrossRef
91.
go back to reference Odenwald T, Quail MA, Giardini A, et al. Systemic to pulmonary collateral blood flow influences early outcomes following the total cavopulmonary connection. Heart. 2012;98(12):934–40.CrossRef Odenwald T, Quail MA, Giardini A, et al. Systemic to pulmonary collateral blood flow influences early outcomes following the total cavopulmonary connection. Heart. 2012;98(12):934–40.CrossRef
92.
go back to reference Margossian R, Schwartz ML, Prakash A, et al. Comparison of echocardiographic and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging measurements of functional single ventricular volumes, mass, and ejection fraction (from the Pediatric Heart Network Fontan Cross-Sectional Study). Am J Cardiol. 2009;104(3):419–28.CrossRef Margossian R, Schwartz ML, Prakash A, et al. Comparison of echocardiographic and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging measurements of functional single ventricular volumes, mass, and ejection fraction (from the Pediatric Heart Network Fontan Cross-Sectional Study). Am J Cardiol. 2009;104(3):419–28.CrossRef
93.
go back to reference Williams RV, Margossian R, Lu M, et al. Factors impacting echocardiographic imaging after the Fontan procedure: a report from the pediatric heart network fontan cross-sectional study. Echocardiography. 2013;30(9):1098–106. Williams RV, Margossian R, Lu M, et al. Factors impacting echocardiographic imaging after the Fontan procedure: a report from the pediatric heart network fontan cross-sectional study. Echocardiography. 2013;30(9):1098–106.
94.
go back to reference Rathod RH, Prakash A, Kim YY, et al. Cardiac magnetic resonance parameters predict transplantation-free survival in patients with fontan circulation. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014;7(3):502–9.CrossRef Rathod RH, Prakash A, Kim YY, et al. Cardiac magnetic resonance parameters predict transplantation-free survival in patients with fontan circulation. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014;7(3):502–9.CrossRef
95.
go back to reference Schwenk MH. Ferumoxytol: a new intravenous iron preparation for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease. Pharmacotherapy. 2010;30(1):70–9.CrossRef Schwenk MH. Ferumoxytol: a new intravenous iron preparation for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease. Pharmacotherapy. 2010;30(1):70–9.CrossRef
96.
go back to reference Bashir MR, Bhatti L, Marin D, Nelson RC. Emerging applications for ferumoxytol as a contrast agent in MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2015;41(4):884–98.CrossRef Bashir MR, Bhatti L, Marin D, Nelson RC. Emerging applications for ferumoxytol as a contrast agent in MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2015;41(4):884–98.CrossRef
97.
go back to reference Edelman RR, Koktzoglou I. Noncontrast MR angiography: an update. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2019;49(2):355–73.CrossRef Edelman RR, Koktzoglou I. Noncontrast MR angiography: an update. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2019;49(2):355–73.CrossRef
98.
go back to reference Versluis B, Nelemans PJ, Brans R, et al. Functional MRI in peripheral arterial disease: arterial peak flow versus ankle-brachial index. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(2):e88471.CrossRef Versluis B, Nelemans PJ, Brans R, et al. Functional MRI in peripheral arterial disease: arterial peak flow versus ankle-brachial index. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(2):e88471.CrossRef
99.
go back to reference Mosca RS, Kulik TJ, Marshall K, Hernandez R, Fletcher SE. Mycotic pseudoaneurysm associated with aortic coarctation. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2000;2(3):209–12.CrossRef Mosca RS, Kulik TJ, Marshall K, Hernandez R, Fletcher SE. Mycotic pseudoaneurysm associated with aortic coarctation. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2000;2(3):209–12.CrossRef
100.
go back to reference Akins EW, Slone RM, Wiechmann BN, Browning M, Martin TD, Mayfield WR. Perivalvular pseudoaneurysm complicating bacterial endocarditis: MR detection in five cases. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1991;156(6):1155–8.CrossRef Akins EW, Slone RM, Wiechmann BN, Browning M, Martin TD, Mayfield WR. Perivalvular pseudoaneurysm complicating bacterial endocarditis: MR detection in five cases. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1991;156(6):1155–8.CrossRef
101.
go back to reference Engellau L, Larsson EM, Albrechtsson U, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging and MR angiography of endoluminally treated abdominal aortic aneurysms. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 1998;15(3):212–9.CrossRef Engellau L, Larsson EM, Albrechtsson U, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging and MR angiography of endoluminally treated abdominal aortic aneurysms. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 1998;15(3):212–9.CrossRef
102.
go back to reference Anbarasu A, Harris PL, McWilliams RG. The role of gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging in the preoperative evaluation of inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysm. Eur Radiol. 2002;12(Suppl 3):S192-195.CrossRef Anbarasu A, Harris PL, McWilliams RG. The role of gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging in the preoperative evaluation of inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysm. Eur Radiol. 2002;12(Suppl 3):S192-195.CrossRef
103.
go back to reference Cejna M, Loewe C, Schoder M, et al. MR angiography vs CT angiography in the follow-up of nitinol stent grafts in endoluminally treated aortic aneurysms. Eur Radiol. 2002;12(10):2443–50.CrossRef Cejna M, Loewe C, Schoder M, et al. MR angiography vs CT angiography in the follow-up of nitinol stent grafts in endoluminally treated aortic aneurysms. Eur Radiol. 2002;12(10):2443–50.CrossRef
104.
go back to reference Leiner T, Habets J, Versluis B, et al. Subtractionless first-pass single contrast medium dose peripheral MR angiography using two-point Dixon fat suppression. Eur Radiol. 2013;23(8):2228–35.CrossRef Leiner T, Habets J, Versluis B, et al. Subtractionless first-pass single contrast medium dose peripheral MR angiography using two-point Dixon fat suppression. Eur Radiol. 2013;23(8):2228–35.CrossRef
105.
go back to reference Habets J, Zandvoort HJ, Moll FL, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging with a weak albumin binding contrast agent can reveal additional endoleaks in patients with an enlarging aneurysm after EVAR. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2015;50(3):331–40.CrossRef Habets J, Zandvoort HJ, Moll FL, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging with a weak albumin binding contrast agent can reveal additional endoleaks in patients with an enlarging aneurysm after EVAR. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2015;50(3):331–40.CrossRef
106.
go back to reference Serhal A, Koktzoglou I, Aouad P, et al. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging of aorto-iliac and ilio-femoral vascular calcifications using proton density-weighted in-phase stack of stars. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2018;20(1):51.CrossRef Serhal A, Koktzoglou I, Aouad P, et al. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging of aorto-iliac and ilio-femoral vascular calcifications using proton density-weighted in-phase stack of stars. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2018;20(1):51.CrossRef
107.
go back to reference Markl M, Kilner PJ, Ebbers T. Comprehensive 4D velocity mapping of the heart and great vessels by cardiovascular magnetic resonance. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2011;13:7.CrossRef Markl M, Kilner PJ, Ebbers T. Comprehensive 4D velocity mapping of the heart and great vessels by cardiovascular magnetic resonance. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2011;13:7.CrossRef
108.
go back to reference Chin AS, Willemink MJ, Kino A, et al. Acute limited intimal tears of the thoracic aorta. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;71(24):2773–85.CrossRef Chin AS, Willemink MJ, Kino A, et al. Acute limited intimal tears of the thoracic aorta. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;71(24):2773–85.CrossRef
109.
go back to reference Mussa FF, Horton JD, Moridzadeh R, Nicholson J, Trimarchi S, Eagle KA. Acute aortic dissection and intramural hematoma: a systematic review. JAMA. 2016;316(7):754–63.CrossRef Mussa FF, Horton JD, Moridzadeh R, Nicholson J, Trimarchi S, Eagle KA. Acute aortic dissection and intramural hematoma: a systematic review. JAMA. 2016;316(7):754–63.CrossRef
110.
go back to reference Goldstein SA, Evangelista A, Abbara S, et al. Multimodality imaging of diseases of the thoracic aorta in adults: from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging: endorsed by the Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography and Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2015;28(2):119–82.CrossRef Goldstein SA, Evangelista A, Abbara S, et al. Multimodality imaging of diseases of the thoracic aorta in adults: from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging: endorsed by the Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography and Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2015;28(2):119–82.CrossRef
111.
go back to reference Hayashi H, Matsuoka Y, Sakamoto I, et al. Penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer of the aorta: imaging features and disease concept. Radiographics. 2000;20(4):995–1005.CrossRef Hayashi H, Matsuoka Y, Sakamoto I, et al. Penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer of the aorta: imaging features and disease concept. Radiographics. 2000;20(4):995–1005.CrossRef
112.
go back to reference Evangelista A, Czerny M, Nienaber C, et al. Interdisciplinary expert consensus on management of type B intramural haematoma and penetrating aortic ulcer. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2015;47(2):209–17.CrossRef Evangelista A, Czerny M, Nienaber C, et al. Interdisciplinary expert consensus on management of type B intramural haematoma and penetrating aortic ulcer. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2015;47(2):209–17.CrossRef
113.
go back to reference Bosma MS, Quint LE, Williams DM, Patel HJ, Jiang Q, Myles JD. Ulcerlike projections developing in noncommunicating aortic dissections: CT findings and natural history. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2009;193(3):895–905.CrossRef Bosma MS, Quint LE, Williams DM, Patel HJ, Jiang Q, Myles JD. Ulcerlike projections developing in noncommunicating aortic dissections: CT findings and natural history. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2009;193(3):895–905.CrossRef
114.
go back to reference Wehrum T, Dragonu I, Strecker C, et al. Aortic atheroma as a source of stroke - assessment of embolization risk using 3D CMR in stroke patients and controls. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2017;19(1):67.CrossRef Wehrum T, Dragonu I, Strecker C, et al. Aortic atheroma as a source of stroke - assessment of embolization risk using 3D CMR in stroke patients and controls. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2017;19(1):67.CrossRef
115.
go back to reference Brinjikji W, Huston J 3rd, Rabinstein AA, Kim GM, Lerman A, Lanzino G. Contemporary carotid imaging: from degree of stenosis to plaque vulnerability. J Neurosurg. 2016;124(1):27–42.CrossRef Brinjikji W, Huston J 3rd, Rabinstein AA, Kim GM, Lerman A, Lanzino G. Contemporary carotid imaging: from degree of stenosis to plaque vulnerability. J Neurosurg. 2016;124(1):27–42.CrossRef
116.
go back to reference DeMarco JK, Willinek WA, Finn JP, Huston J. Current state-of-the-art 1.5 T and 3 T extracranial carotid contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2012;22(2):235–57.CrossRef DeMarco JK, Willinek WA, Finn JP, Huston J. Current state-of-the-art 1.5 T and 3 T extracranial carotid contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2012;22(2):235–57.CrossRef
117.
go back to reference Koktzoglou I, Walker MT, Meyer JR, Murphy IG, Edelman RR. Nonenhanced hybridized arterial spin labeled magnetic resonance angiography of the extracranial carotid arteries using a fast low angle shot readout at 3 Tesla. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2016;18:18.CrossRef Koktzoglou I, Walker MT, Meyer JR, Murphy IG, Edelman RR. Nonenhanced hybridized arterial spin labeled magnetic resonance angiography of the extracranial carotid arteries using a fast low angle shot readout at 3 Tesla. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2016;18:18.CrossRef
118.
go back to reference Johns CS, Swift AJ, Hughes PJC, Ohno Y, Schiebler M, Wild JM. Pulmonary MR angiography and perfusion imaging-a review of methods and applications. Eur J Radiol. 2017;86:361–70.CrossRef Johns CS, Swift AJ, Hughes PJC, Ohno Y, Schiebler M, Wild JM. Pulmonary MR angiography and perfusion imaging-a review of methods and applications. Eur J Radiol. 2017;86:361–70.CrossRef
119.
go back to reference Stein PD, Chenevert TL, Fowler SE, et al. Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography for pulmonary embolism: a multicenter prospective study (PIOPED III). Ann Intern Med. 2010;152(7):434–43.CrossRef Stein PD, Chenevert TL, Fowler SE, et al. Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography for pulmonary embolism: a multicenter prospective study (PIOPED III). Ann Intern Med. 2010;152(7):434–43.CrossRef
120.
go back to reference Sostman HD, Jablonski KA, Woodard PK, et al. Factors in the technical quality of gadolinium enhanced magnetic resonance angiography for pulmonary embolism in PIOPED III. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2012;28(2):303–12.CrossRef Sostman HD, Jablonski KA, Woodard PK, et al. Factors in the technical quality of gadolinium enhanced magnetic resonance angiography for pulmonary embolism in PIOPED III. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2012;28(2):303–12.CrossRef
121.
go back to reference Kaya F, Ufuk F, Karabulut N. Diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced and unenhanced combined pulmonary artery MRI and magnetic resonance venography techniques in the diagnosis of venous thromboembolism. Br J Radiol. 2019;92(1095):20180695.CrossRef Kaya F, Ufuk F, Karabulut N. Diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced and unenhanced combined pulmonary artery MRI and magnetic resonance venography techniques in the diagnosis of venous thromboembolism. Br J Radiol. 2019;92(1095):20180695.CrossRef
122.
go back to reference Vijarnsorn C, Rutledge JM, Tham EB, et al. Which cardiovascular magnetic resonance planes and sequences provide accurate measurements of branch pulmonary artery size in children with right ventricular outflow tract obstruction? Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014;30(2):329–38.CrossRef Vijarnsorn C, Rutledge JM, Tham EB, et al. Which cardiovascular magnetic resonance planes and sequences provide accurate measurements of branch pulmonary artery size in children with right ventricular outflow tract obstruction? Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014;30(2):329–38.CrossRef
123.
go back to reference Steendam CMJ, Diederik AL, Dendooven A, Snijder RJ, Herder GJ. Pulmonary artery aneurysms and thrombi. Thorax. 2017;72(12):1167–8.CrossRef Steendam CMJ, Diederik AL, Dendooven A, Snijder RJ, Herder GJ. Pulmonary artery aneurysms and thrombi. Thorax. 2017;72(12):1167–8.CrossRef
124.
go back to reference Westaby S, Evans BJ, Ormerod O. Pulmonary-artery dissection in patients with Eisenmenger’s syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2007;356(20):2110–2.CrossRef Westaby S, Evans BJ, Ormerod O. Pulmonary-artery dissection in patients with Eisenmenger’s syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2007;356(20):2110–2.CrossRef
125.
go back to reference Ayache JB, Collins JD. MR angiography of the abdomen and pelvis. Radiol Clin North Am. 2014;52(4):839–59.CrossRef Ayache JB, Collins JD. MR angiography of the abdomen and pelvis. Radiol Clin North Am. 2014;52(4):839–59.CrossRef
126.
go back to reference Zeng M, Cheng Y, Zhao B. Measurement of single-kidney glomerular filtration function from magnetic resonance perfusion renography. Eur J Radiol. 2015;84(8):1419–23.CrossRef Zeng M, Cheng Y, Zhao B. Measurement of single-kidney glomerular filtration function from magnetic resonance perfusion renography. Eur J Radiol. 2015;84(8):1419–23.CrossRef
127.
go back to reference Cooper CJ, Murphy TP, Cutlip DE, et al. Stenting and medical therapy for atherosclerotic renal-artery stenosis. N Engl J Med. 2014;370(1):13–22.CrossRef Cooper CJ, Murphy TP, Cutlip DE, et al. Stenting and medical therapy for atherosclerotic renal-artery stenosis. N Engl J Med. 2014;370(1):13–22.CrossRef
128.
go back to reference Investigators A, Wheatley K, Ives N, et al. Revascularization versus medical therapy for renal-artery stenosis. N Engl J Med. 2009;361(20):1953–62.CrossRef Investigators A, Wheatley K, Ives N, et al. Revascularization versus medical therapy for renal-artery stenosis. N Engl J Med. 2009;361(20):1953–62.CrossRef
129.
go back to reference Persu A, Jin Y, Azizi M, et al. Blood pressure changes after renal denervation at 10 European expert centers. J Hum Hypertens. 2014;28(3):150–6.CrossRef Persu A, Jin Y, Azizi M, et al. Blood pressure changes after renal denervation at 10 European expert centers. J Hum Hypertens. 2014;28(3):150–6.CrossRef
130.
go back to reference Fadl Elmula FE, Jin Y, Yang WY, et al. Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of renal denervation in treatment-resistant hypertension. Blood Press. 2015;24(5):263–74.CrossRef Fadl Elmula FE, Jin Y, Yang WY, et al. Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of renal denervation in treatment-resistant hypertension. Blood Press. 2015;24(5):263–74.CrossRef
131.
go back to reference Sanders MF, van Doormaal PJ, Beeftink MMA, et al. Renal artery and parenchymal changes after renal denervation: assessment by magnetic resonance angiography. Eur Radiol. 2017;27(9):3934–41.CrossRef Sanders MF, van Doormaal PJ, Beeftink MMA, et al. Renal artery and parenchymal changes after renal denervation: assessment by magnetic resonance angiography. Eur Radiol. 2017;27(9):3934–41.CrossRef
132.
go back to reference Hagspiel KD, Flors L, Hanley M, Norton PT. Computed tomography angiography and magnetic resonance angiography imaging of the mesenteric vasculature. Tech Vasc Interv Radiol. 2015;18(1):2–13.CrossRef Hagspiel KD, Flors L, Hanley M, Norton PT. Computed tomography angiography and magnetic resonance angiography imaging of the mesenteric vasculature. Tech Vasc Interv Radiol. 2015;18(1):2–13.CrossRef
133.
go back to reference Nelemans PJ, Leiner T, de Vet HC, van Engelshoven JM. Peripheral arterial disease: meta-analysis of the diagnostic performance of MR angiography. Radiology. 2000;217(1):105–14.CrossRef Nelemans PJ, Leiner T, de Vet HC, van Engelshoven JM. Peripheral arterial disease: meta-analysis of the diagnostic performance of MR angiography. Radiology. 2000;217(1):105–14.CrossRef
134.
go back to reference Koelemay MJ, Lijmer JG, Stoker J, Legemate DA, Bossuyt PM. Magnetic resonance angiography for the evaluation of lower extremity arterial disease: a meta-analysis. JAMA. 2001;285(10):1338–45.CrossRef Koelemay MJ, Lijmer JG, Stoker J, Legemate DA, Bossuyt PM. Magnetic resonance angiography for the evaluation of lower extremity arterial disease: a meta-analysis. JAMA. 2001;285(10):1338–45.CrossRef
135.
go back to reference Menke J, Larsen J. Meta-analysis: accuracy of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography for assessing steno-occlusions in peripheral arterial disease. Ann Intern Med. 2010;153(5):325–34.CrossRef Menke J, Larsen J. Meta-analysis: accuracy of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography for assessing steno-occlusions in peripheral arterial disease. Ann Intern Med. 2010;153(5):325–34.CrossRef
136.
go back to reference Jens S, Koelemay MJ, Reekers JA, Bipat S. Diagnostic performance of computed tomography angiography and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography in patients with critical limb ischaemia and intermittent claudication: systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Radiol. 2013;23(11):3104–14.CrossRef Jens S, Koelemay MJ, Reekers JA, Bipat S. Diagnostic performance of computed tomography angiography and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography in patients with critical limb ischaemia and intermittent claudication: systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Radiol. 2013;23(11):3104–14.CrossRef
137.
go back to reference Ho KY, Leiner T, de Haan MW, Kessels AG, Kitslaar PJ, van Engelshoven JM. Peripheral vascular tree stenoses: evaluation with moving-bed infusion-tracking MR angiography. Radiology. 1998;206(3):683–92.CrossRef Ho KY, Leiner T, de Haan MW, Kessels AG, Kitslaar PJ, van Engelshoven JM. Peripheral vascular tree stenoses: evaluation with moving-bed infusion-tracking MR angiography. Radiology. 1998;206(3):683–92.CrossRef
138.
go back to reference Dolcini C, Dolcini BM, Fioroni P, Lolli F, Brunetti O, Capolsini ST. Ultrastructural details in some muscular dystrophies in humans. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper. 1976;52(9):616–22. Dolcini C, Dolcini BM, Fioroni P, Lolli F, Brunetti O, Capolsini ST. Ultrastructural details in some muscular dystrophies in humans. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper. 1976;52(9):616–22.
139.
go back to reference Leiner T, Ho KY, Nelemans PJ, de Haan MW, van Engelshoven JM. Three-dimensional contrast-enhanced moving-bed infusion-tracking (MoBI-track) peripheral MR angiography with flexible choice of imaging parameters for each field of view. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2000;11(4):368–77.CrossRef Leiner T, Ho KY, Nelemans PJ, de Haan MW, van Engelshoven JM. Three-dimensional contrast-enhanced moving-bed infusion-tracking (MoBI-track) peripheral MR angiography with flexible choice of imaging parameters for each field of view. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2000;11(4):368–77.CrossRef
140.
go back to reference Leiner T. Magnetic resonance angiography of abdominal and lower extremity vasculature. Top Magn Reson Imaging. 2005;16(1):21–66.CrossRef Leiner T. Magnetic resonance angiography of abdominal and lower extremity vasculature. Top Magn Reson Imaging. 2005;16(1):21–66.CrossRef
141.
go back to reference Hodnett PA, Koktzoglou I, Davarpanah AH, et al. Evaluation of peripheral arterial disease with nonenhanced quiescent-interval single-shot MR angiography. Radiology. 2011;260(1):282–93.CrossRef Hodnett PA, Koktzoglou I, Davarpanah AH, et al. Evaluation of peripheral arterial disease with nonenhanced quiescent-interval single-shot MR angiography. Radiology. 2011;260(1):282–93.CrossRef
142.
go back to reference Ferreira Botelho MP, Koktzoglou I, Collins JD, et al. MR imaging of iliofemoral peripheral vascular calcifications using proton density-weighted, in-phase three-dimensional stack-of-stars gradient echo. Magn Reson Med. 2017;77(6):2146–52.CrossRef Ferreira Botelho MP, Koktzoglou I, Collins JD, et al. MR imaging of iliofemoral peripheral vascular calcifications using proton density-weighted, in-phase three-dimensional stack-of-stars gradient echo. Magn Reson Med. 2017;77(6):2146–52.CrossRef
143.
go back to reference Eikendal AL, Blomberg BA, Haaring C, et al. 3D black blood VISTA vessel wall cardiovascular magnetic resonance of the thoracic aorta wall in young, healthy adults: reproducibility and implications for efficacy trial sample sizes: a cross-sectional study. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2016;18:20.CrossRef Eikendal AL, Blomberg BA, Haaring C, et al. 3D black blood VISTA vessel wall cardiovascular magnetic resonance of the thoracic aorta wall in young, healthy adults: reproducibility and implications for efficacy trial sample sizes: a cross-sectional study. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2016;18:20.CrossRef
144.
go back to reference Treitl KM, Maurus S, Sommer NN, et al. 3D-black-blood 3T-MRI for the diagnosis of thoracic large vessel vasculitis: a feasibility study. Eur Radiol. 2017;27(5):2119–28.CrossRef Treitl KM, Maurus S, Sommer NN, et al. 3D-black-blood 3T-MRI for the diagnosis of thoracic large vessel vasculitis: a feasibility study. Eur Radiol. 2017;27(5):2119–28.CrossRef
145.
go back to reference Kerwin WS, Miller Z, Yuan C. Imaging of the high-risk carotid plaque: magnetic resonance imaging. Semin Vasc Surg. 2017;30(1):54–61.CrossRef Kerwin WS, Miller Z, Yuan C. Imaging of the high-risk carotid plaque: magnetic resonance imaging. Semin Vasc Surg. 2017;30(1):54–61.CrossRef
146.
go back to reference Yuan C, Parker DL. Three-dimensional carotid plaque MR imaging. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2016;26(1):1–12.CrossRef Yuan C, Parker DL. Three-dimensional carotid plaque MR imaging. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2016;26(1):1–12.CrossRef
147.
go back to reference Mihai G, Chung YC, Kariisa M, Raman SV, Simonetti OP, Rajagopalan S. Initial feasibility of a multi-station high resolution three-dimensional dark blood angiography protocol for the assessment of peripheral arterial disease. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2009;30(4):785–93.CrossRef Mihai G, Chung YC, Kariisa M, Raman SV, Simonetti OP, Rajagopalan S. Initial feasibility of a multi-station high resolution three-dimensional dark blood angiography protocol for the assessment of peripheral arterial disease. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2009;30(4):785–93.CrossRef
148.
go back to reference Han Y, Guan M, Zhu Z, et al. Assessment of longitudinal distribution of subclinical atherosclerosis in femoral arteries by three-dimensional cardiovascular magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2018;20(1):60.CrossRef Han Y, Guan M, Zhu Z, et al. Assessment of longitudinal distribution of subclinical atherosclerosis in femoral arteries by three-dimensional cardiovascular magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2018;20(1):60.CrossRef
149.
go back to reference Gerretsen S, Kessels AG, Nelemans PJ, et al. Detection of coronary plaques using MR coronary vessel wall imaging: validation of findings with intravascular ultrasound. Eur Radiol. 2013;23(1):115–24.CrossRef Gerretsen S, Kessels AG, Nelemans PJ, et al. Detection of coronary plaques using MR coronary vessel wall imaging: validation of findings with intravascular ultrasound. Eur Radiol. 2013;23(1):115–24.CrossRef
150.
go back to reference Cruz G, Atkinson D, Henningsson M, Botnar RM, Prieto C. Highly efficient nonrigid motion-corrected 3D whole-heart coronary vessel wall imaging. Magn Reson Med. 2017;77(5):1894–908.CrossRef Cruz G, Atkinson D, Henningsson M, Botnar RM, Prieto C. Highly efficient nonrigid motion-corrected 3D whole-heart coronary vessel wall imaging. Magn Reson Med. 2017;77(5):1894–908.CrossRef
151.
go back to reference Dieleman N, van der Kolk AG, Zwanenburg JJ, et al. Imaging intracranial vessel wall pathology with magnetic resonance imaging: current prospects and future directions. Circulation. 2014;130(2):192–201.CrossRef Dieleman N, van der Kolk AG, Zwanenburg JJ, et al. Imaging intracranial vessel wall pathology with magnetic resonance imaging: current prospects and future directions. Circulation. 2014;130(2):192–201.CrossRef
152.
go back to reference Zhu C, Tian B, Chen L, et al. Accelerated whole brain intracranial vessel wall imaging using black blood fast spin echo with compressed sensing (CS-SPACE). MAGMA. 2018;31(3):457–67.CrossRef Zhu C, Tian B, Chen L, et al. Accelerated whole brain intracranial vessel wall imaging using black blood fast spin echo with compressed sensing (CS-SPACE). MAGMA. 2018;31(3):457–67.CrossRef
153.
go back to reference Chen S, Ning J, Zhao X, et al. Fast simultaneous noncontrast angiography and intraplaque hemorrhage (fSNAP) sequence for carotid artery imaging. Magn Reson Med. 2017;77(2):753–8.CrossRef Chen S, Ning J, Zhao X, et al. Fast simultaneous noncontrast angiography and intraplaque hemorrhage (fSNAP) sequence for carotid artery imaging. Magn Reson Med. 2017;77(2):753–8.CrossRef
154.
go back to reference Qi H, Sun J, Qiao H, et al. Simultaneous T1 and T2 mapping of the carotid plaque (SIMPLE) with T2 and inversion recovery prepared 3D radial imaging. Magn Reson Med. 2018;80(6):2598–608.CrossRef Qi H, Sun J, Qiao H, et al. Simultaneous T1 and T2 mapping of the carotid plaque (SIMPLE) with T2 and inversion recovery prepared 3D radial imaging. Magn Reson Med. 2018;80(6):2598–608.CrossRef
155.
go back to reference Sommer NN, Treitl KM, Coppenrath E, et al. Three-dimensional high-resolution black-blood magnetic resonance imaging for detection of arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy in patients with giant cell arteritis. Invest Radiol. 2018;53(11):698–704.CrossRef Sommer NN, Treitl KM, Coppenrath E, et al. Three-dimensional high-resolution black-blood magnetic resonance imaging for detection of arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy in patients with giant cell arteritis. Invest Radiol. 2018;53(11):698–704.CrossRef
156.
go back to reference Guggenberger KV, Bley TA. Magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance angiography in large-vessel vasculitides. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2018;36(5):103–7. Guggenberger KV, Bley TA. Magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance angiography in large-vessel vasculitides. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2018;36(5):103–7.
157.
go back to reference Schwarz F, Strobl FF, Cyran CC, et al. Reproducibility and differentiation of cervical arteriopathies using in vivo high-resolution black-blood MRI at 3 T. Neuroradiology. 2016;58(6):569–76.CrossRef Schwarz F, Strobl FF, Cyran CC, et al. Reproducibility and differentiation of cervical arteriopathies using in vivo high-resolution black-blood MRI at 3 T. Neuroradiology. 2016;58(6):569–76.CrossRef
158.
go back to reference Wentland AL, Grist TM, Wieben O. Review of MRI-based measurements of pulse wave velocity: a biomarker of arterial stiffness. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 2014;4(2):193–206. Wentland AL, Grist TM, Wieben O. Review of MRI-based measurements of pulse wave velocity: a biomarker of arterial stiffness. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 2014;4(2):193–206.
159.
go back to reference McCulloch MA, Mauras N, Canas JA, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging measures of decreased aortic strain and distensibility are proportionate to insulin resistance in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Pediatr Diabetes. 2015;16(2):90–7.CrossRef McCulloch MA, Mauras N, Canas JA, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging measures of decreased aortic strain and distensibility are proportionate to insulin resistance in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Pediatr Diabetes. 2015;16(2):90–7.CrossRef
160.
go back to reference Eikendal ALM, Bots ML, Gohar A, et al. Circulating levels of P-selectin and E-selectin relate to cardiovascular magnetic resonance-derived aortic characteristics in young adults from the general population, a cross-sectional study. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2018;20(1):54.CrossRef Eikendal ALM, Bots ML, Gohar A, et al. Circulating levels of P-selectin and E-selectin relate to cardiovascular magnetic resonance-derived aortic characteristics in young adults from the general population, a cross-sectional study. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2018;20(1):54.CrossRef
161.
go back to reference Eikendal ALM, den Ruijter HM, Haaring C, et al. Sex, body mass index, and blood pressure are related to aortic characteristics in healthy, young adults using magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging: the AMBITYON study. MAGMA. 2018;31(1):173–82.CrossRef Eikendal ALM, den Ruijter HM, Haaring C, et al. Sex, body mass index, and blood pressure are related to aortic characteristics in healthy, young adults using magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging: the AMBITYON study. MAGMA. 2018;31(1):173–82.CrossRef
162.
go back to reference de Roos A, van der Grond J, Mitchell G, Westenberg J. Magnetic resonance imaging of cardiovascular function and the brain: is dementia a cardiovascular-driven disease? Circulation. 2017;135(22):2178–95.CrossRef de Roos A, van der Grond J, Mitchell G, Westenberg J. Magnetic resonance imaging of cardiovascular function and the brain: is dementia a cardiovascular-driven disease? Circulation. 2017;135(22):2178–95.CrossRef
163.
go back to reference Celermajer DS, Sorensen KE, Gooch VM, et al. Non-invasive detection of endothelial dysfunction in children and adults at risk of atherosclerosis. Lancet. 1992;340(8828):1111–5.CrossRef Celermajer DS, Sorensen KE, Gooch VM, et al. Non-invasive detection of endothelial dysfunction in children and adults at risk of atherosclerosis. Lancet. 1992;340(8828):1111–5.CrossRef
164.
go back to reference Sorensen MB, Collins P, Ong PJ, et al. Long-term use of contraceptive depot medroxyprogesterone acetate in young women impairs arterial endothelial function assessed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Circulation. 2002;106(13):1646–51.CrossRef Sorensen MB, Collins P, Ong PJ, et al. Long-term use of contraceptive depot medroxyprogesterone acetate in young women impairs arterial endothelial function assessed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Circulation. 2002;106(13):1646–51.CrossRef
165.
go back to reference Silber HA, Bluemke DA, Ouyang P, Du YP, Post WS, Lima JA. The relationship between vascular wall shear stress and flow-mediated dilation: endothelial function assessed by phase-contrast magnetic resonance angiography. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001;38(7):1859–65.CrossRef Silber HA, Bluemke DA, Ouyang P, Du YP, Post WS, Lima JA. The relationship between vascular wall shear stress and flow-mediated dilation: endothelial function assessed by phase-contrast magnetic resonance angiography. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001;38(7):1859–65.CrossRef
166.
go back to reference Mohiaddin RH, Gatehousee D, Moon JC, et al. Assessment of reactive hyperaemia using real time zonal echo-planar flow imaging. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2002;4(2):283–7.CrossRef Mohiaddin RH, Gatehousee D, Moon JC, et al. Assessment of reactive hyperaemia using real time zonal echo-planar flow imaging. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2002;4(2):283–7.CrossRef
167.
go back to reference Cuypers J, Leirgul E, Larsen TH, Berg A, Omdal TR, Greve G. Assessment of vascular reactivity in the peripheral and coronary arteries by Cine 3T-magnetic resonance imaging in young normotensive adults after surgery for coarctation of the aorta. Pediatr Cardiol. 2013;34(3):661–9.CrossRef Cuypers J, Leirgul E, Larsen TH, Berg A, Omdal TR, Greve G. Assessment of vascular reactivity in the peripheral and coronary arteries by Cine 3T-magnetic resonance imaging in young normotensive adults after surgery for coarctation of the aorta. Pediatr Cardiol. 2013;34(3):661–9.CrossRef
168.
go back to reference Silber HA, Lima JA, Bluemke DA, et al. Arterial reactivity in lower extremities is progressively reduced as cardiovascular risk factors increase: comparison with upper extremities using magnetic resonance imaging. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;49(9):939–45.CrossRef Silber HA, Lima JA, Bluemke DA, et al. Arterial reactivity in lower extremities is progressively reduced as cardiovascular risk factors increase: comparison with upper extremities using magnetic resonance imaging. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;49(9):939–45.CrossRef
169.
go back to reference Mueller GC, Lu JC, Mahani MG, Dorfman AL, Agarwal PP. MR Imaging of Thoracic Veins. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2015;23(2):293–307. Mueller GC, Lu JC, Mahani MG, Dorfman AL, Agarwal PP. MR Imaging of Thoracic Veins. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2015;23(2):293–307.
170.
go back to reference Aljaroudi WA, Saliba WS, Wazni OM, Jaber WA. Role of cardiac computed tomography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in guiding management and treatment of patients with atrial fibrillation: state of the art review. J Nucl Cardiol. 2013;20(3):426–42.CrossRef Aljaroudi WA, Saliba WS, Wazni OM, Jaber WA. Role of cardiac computed tomography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in guiding management and treatment of patients with atrial fibrillation: state of the art review. J Nucl Cardiol. 2013;20(3):426–42.CrossRef
171.
go back to reference Sonavane SK, Milner DM, Singh SP, Abdel Aal AK, Shahir KS, Chaturvedi A. Comprehensive imaging review of the superior vena cava. Radiographics. 2015;35(7):1873–92.CrossRef Sonavane SK, Milner DM, Singh SP, Abdel Aal AK, Shahir KS, Chaturvedi A. Comprehensive imaging review of the superior vena cava. Radiographics. 2015;35(7):1873–92.CrossRef
172.
go back to reference Bode AS, Planken RN, Merkx MA, et al. Feasibility of non-contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography for imaging upper extremity vasculature prior to vascular access creation. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2012;43(1):88–94.CrossRef Bode AS, Planken RN, Merkx MA, et al. Feasibility of non-contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography for imaging upper extremity vasculature prior to vascular access creation. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2012;43(1):88–94.CrossRef
173.
go back to reference Zucker EJ, Ganguli S, Ghoshhajra BB, Gupta R, Prabhakar AM. Imaging of venous compression syndromes. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 2016;6(6):519–32.CrossRef Zucker EJ, Ganguli S, Ghoshhajra BB, Gupta R, Prabhakar AM. Imaging of venous compression syndromes. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 2016;6(6):519–32.CrossRef
174.
go back to reference Dolic K, Siddiqui AH, Karmon Y, Marr K, Zivadinov R. The role of noninvasive and invasive diagnostic imaging techniques for detection of extra-cranial venous system anomalies and developmental variants. BMC Med. 2013;11:155.CrossRef Dolic K, Siddiqui AH, Karmon Y, Marr K, Zivadinov R. The role of noninvasive and invasive diagnostic imaging techniques for detection of extra-cranial venous system anomalies and developmental variants. BMC Med. 2013;11:155.CrossRef
175.
go back to reference Dronkers CEA, Klok FA, van Haren GR, et al. Diagnosing upper extremity deep vein thrombosis with non-contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Direct Thrombus Imaging: a pilot study. Thromb Res. 2018;163:47–50.CrossRef Dronkers CEA, Klok FA, van Haren GR, et al. Diagnosing upper extremity deep vein thrombosis with non-contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Direct Thrombus Imaging: a pilot study. Thromb Res. 2018;163:47–50.CrossRef
176.
go back to reference Treitl KM, Treitl M, Kooijman-Kurfuerst H, et al. Three-dimensional black-blood T1-weighted turbo spin-echo techniques for the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis in comparison with contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging: a pilot study. Invest Radiol. 2015;50(6):401–8.CrossRef Treitl KM, Treitl M, Kooijman-Kurfuerst H, et al. Three-dimensional black-blood T1-weighted turbo spin-echo techniques for the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis in comparison with contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging: a pilot study. Invest Radiol. 2015;50(6):401–8.CrossRef
177.
go back to reference Kim CY, Bashir MR, Heye T, Dale BM, Nichols HL, Merkle EM. Respiratory-gated noncontrast SPACE MR angiography sequence at 3T for evaluation of the central veins of the chest: a feasibility study. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2015;41(1):67–73.CrossRef Kim CY, Bashir MR, Heye T, Dale BM, Nichols HL, Merkle EM. Respiratory-gated noncontrast SPACE MR angiography sequence at 3T for evaluation of the central veins of the chest: a feasibility study. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2015;41(1):67–73.CrossRef
178.
go back to reference Aime S, Caravan P. Biodistribution of gadolinium-based contrast agents, including gadolinium deposition. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2009;30(6):1259–67.CrossRef Aime S, Caravan P. Biodistribution of gadolinium-based contrast agents, including gadolinium deposition. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2009;30(6):1259–67.CrossRef
179.
go back to reference Finn JP, Nguyen KL, Han F, et al. Cardiovascular MRI with ferumoxytol. Clin Radiol. 2016;71(8):796–806.CrossRef Finn JP, Nguyen KL, Han F, et al. Cardiovascular MRI with ferumoxytol. Clin Radiol. 2016;71(8):796–806.CrossRef
180.
go back to reference Nguyen KL, Han F, Zhou Z, et al. 4D MUSIC CMR: value-based imaging of neonates and infants with congenital heart disease. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2017;19(1):40.CrossRef Nguyen KL, Han F, Zhou Z, et al. 4D MUSIC CMR: value-based imaging of neonates and infants with congenital heart disease. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2017;19(1):40.CrossRef
181.
go back to reference Nguyen KL, Moriarty JM, Plotnik AN, et al. Ferumoxytol-enhanced MR angiography for vascular access mapping before transcatheter aortic valve replacement in patients with renal impairment: a step toward patient-specific care. Radiology. 2018;286(1):326–37.CrossRef Nguyen KL, Moriarty JM, Plotnik AN, et al. Ferumoxytol-enhanced MR angiography for vascular access mapping before transcatheter aortic valve replacement in patients with renal impairment: a step toward patient-specific care. Radiology. 2018;286(1):326–37.CrossRef
182.
go back to reference Stoumpos S, Hennessy M, Vesey AT, et al. Ferumoxytol-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography for the assessment of potential kidney transplant recipients. Eur Radiol. 2018;28(1):115–23.CrossRef Stoumpos S, Hennessy M, Vesey AT, et al. Ferumoxytol-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography for the assessment of potential kidney transplant recipients. Eur Radiol. 2018;28(1):115–23.CrossRef
183.
go back to reference Lehrman ED, Plotnik AN, Hope T, Saloner D. Ferumoxytol-enhanced MRI in the peripheral vasculature. Clin Radiol. 2019;74(1):37–50.CrossRef Lehrman ED, Plotnik AN, Hope T, Saloner D. Ferumoxytol-enhanced MRI in the peripheral vasculature. Clin Radiol. 2019;74(1):37–50.CrossRef
184.
go back to reference Schwitter J, Arai AE. Assessment of cardiac ischaemia and viability: role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Eur Heart J. 2011;32(7):799–809.CrossRef Schwitter J, Arai AE. Assessment of cardiac ischaemia and viability: role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Eur Heart J. 2011;32(7):799–809.CrossRef
185.
go back to reference Eitel I, Desch S, de Waha S, et al. Long-term prognostic value of myocardial salvage assessed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance in acute reperfused myocardial infarction. Heart. 2011;97(24):2038–45.CrossRef Eitel I, Desch S, de Waha S, et al. Long-term prognostic value of myocardial salvage assessed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance in acute reperfused myocardial infarction. Heart. 2011;97(24):2038–45.CrossRef
186.
go back to reference Ghugre NR, Pop M, Thomas R, et al. Hemorrhage promotes inflammation and myocardial damage following acute myocardial infarction: insights from a novel preclinical model and cardiovascular magnetic resonance. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2017;19(1):50.CrossRef Ghugre NR, Pop M, Thomas R, et al. Hemorrhage promotes inflammation and myocardial damage following acute myocardial infarction: insights from a novel preclinical model and cardiovascular magnetic resonance. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2017;19(1):50.CrossRef
187.
go back to reference Masci PG, Francone M, Desmet W, et al. Right ventricular ischemic injury in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: characterization with cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Circulation. 2010;122(14):1405–12.CrossRef Masci PG, Francone M, Desmet W, et al. Right ventricular ischemic injury in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: characterization with cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Circulation. 2010;122(14):1405–12.CrossRef
188.
go back to reference Eitel I, Kubusch K, Strohm O, et al. Prognostic value and determinants of a hypointense infarct core in T2-weighted cardiac magnetic resonance in acute reperfused ST-elevation-myocardial infarction. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2011;4(4):354–62.CrossRef Eitel I, Kubusch K, Strohm O, et al. Prognostic value and determinants of a hypointense infarct core in T2-weighted cardiac magnetic resonance in acute reperfused ST-elevation-myocardial infarction. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2011;4(4):354–62.CrossRef
189.
go back to reference Symons R, Pontone G, Schwitter J, et al. Long-term incremental prognostic value of cardiovascular magnetic resonance after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a study of the collaborative registry on CMR in STEMI. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2018;11(6):813–25.CrossRef Symons R, Pontone G, Schwitter J, et al. Long-term incremental prognostic value of cardiovascular magnetic resonance after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a study of the collaborative registry on CMR in STEMI. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2018;11(6):813–25.CrossRef
190.
go back to reference Bulluck H, Dharmakumar R, Arai AE, Berry C, Hausenloy DJ. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance in acute st-segment-elevation myocardial infarction: recent advances, controversies, and future directions. Circulation. 2018;137(18):1949–64.CrossRef Bulluck H, Dharmakumar R, Arai AE, Berry C, Hausenloy DJ. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance in acute st-segment-elevation myocardial infarction: recent advances, controversies, and future directions. Circulation. 2018;137(18):1949–64.CrossRef
191.
go back to reference Carrick D, Oldroyd KG, McEntegart M, et al. A randomized trial of deferred stenting versus immediate stenting to prevent no- or slow-reflow in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (DEFER-STEMI). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63(20):2088–98.CrossRef Carrick D, Oldroyd KG, McEntegart M, et al. A randomized trial of deferred stenting versus immediate stenting to prevent no- or slow-reflow in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (DEFER-STEMI). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63(20):2088–98.CrossRef
192.
go back to reference Bulluck H, Frohlich GM, Nicholas JM, et al. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist pre-treatment and early post-treatment to minimize reperfusion injury after ST-elevation myocardial infarction: the MINIMIZE STEMI trial. Am Heart J. 2019;211:60–7.CrossRef Bulluck H, Frohlich GM, Nicholas JM, et al. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist pre-treatment and early post-treatment to minimize reperfusion injury after ST-elevation myocardial infarction: the MINIMIZE STEMI trial. Am Heart J. 2019;211:60–7.CrossRef
193.
go back to reference Raman SV, Simonetti OP, Winner MW 3rd, et al. Cardiac magnetic resonance with edema imaging identifies myocardium at risk and predicts worse outcome in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;55(22):2480–8.CrossRef Raman SV, Simonetti OP, Winner MW 3rd, et al. Cardiac magnetic resonance with edema imaging identifies myocardium at risk and predicts worse outcome in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;55(22):2480–8.CrossRef
194.
go back to reference Thiele H, Rach J, Klein N, et al. Optimal timing of invasive angiography in stable non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction: the Leipzig Immediate versus early and late PercutaneouS coronary Intervention triAl in NSTEMI (LIPSIA-NSTEMI Trial). Eur Heart J. 2012;33(16):2035–43.CrossRef Thiele H, Rach J, Klein N, et al. Optimal timing of invasive angiography in stable non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction: the Leipzig Immediate versus early and late PercutaneouS coronary Intervention triAl in NSTEMI (LIPSIA-NSTEMI Trial). Eur Heart J. 2012;33(16):2035–43.CrossRef
195.
go back to reference Thiele H, de Waha S, Zeymer U, et al. Effect of aspiration thrombectomy on microvascular obstruction in NSTEMI patients: the TATORT-NSTEMI trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;64(11):1117–24.CrossRef Thiele H, de Waha S, Zeymer U, et al. Effect of aspiration thrombectomy on microvascular obstruction in NSTEMI patients: the TATORT-NSTEMI trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;64(11):1117–24.CrossRef
196.
go back to reference Greenwood JP, Maredia N, Younger JF, et al. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance and single-photon emission computed tomography for diagnosis of coronary heart disease (CE-MARC): a prospective trial. Lancet. 2012;379(9814):453–60.CrossRef Greenwood JP, Maredia N, Younger JF, et al. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance and single-photon emission computed tomography for diagnosis of coronary heart disease (CE-MARC): a prospective trial. Lancet. 2012;379(9814):453–60.CrossRef
197.
go back to reference Schwitter J, Wacker CM, Wilke N, et al. MR-IMPACT II: Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Myocardial Perfusion Assessment in Coronary artery disease Trial: perfusion-cardiac magnetic resonance vs. single-photon emission computed tomography for the detection of coronary artery disease: a comparative multicentre, multivendor trial. Eur Heart J. 2013;34(10):775–81.CrossRef Schwitter J, Wacker CM, Wilke N, et al. MR-IMPACT II: Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Myocardial Perfusion Assessment in Coronary artery disease Trial: perfusion-cardiac magnetic resonance vs. single-photon emission computed tomography for the detection of coronary artery disease: a comparative multicentre, multivendor trial. Eur Heart J. 2013;34(10):775–81.CrossRef
198.
go back to reference Greenwood JP, Ripley DP, Berry C, et al. Effect of care guided by cardiovascular magnetic resonance, myocardial perfusion scintigraphy, or NICE Guidelines on Subsequent Unnecessary Angiography Rates: the CE-MARC 2 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2016;316(10):1051–60.CrossRef Greenwood JP, Ripley DP, Berry C, et al. Effect of care guided by cardiovascular magnetic resonance, myocardial perfusion scintigraphy, or NICE Guidelines on Subsequent Unnecessary Angiography Rates: the CE-MARC 2 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2016;316(10):1051–60.CrossRef
199.
go back to reference Foley JRJ, Kidambi A, Biglands JD, et al. A comparison of cardiovascular magnetic resonance and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) perfusion imaging in left main stem or equivalent coronary artery disease: a CE-MARC substudy. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2017;19(1):84.CrossRef Foley JRJ, Kidambi A, Biglands JD, et al. A comparison of cardiovascular magnetic resonance and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) perfusion imaging in left main stem or equivalent coronary artery disease: a CE-MARC substudy. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2017;19(1):84.CrossRef
200.
go back to reference Nagel E, Greenwood JP, McCann GP, et al. Magnetic resonance perfusion or fractional flow reserve in coronary disease. N Engl J Med. 2019;380(25):2418–28.CrossRef Nagel E, Greenwood JP, McCann GP, et al. Magnetic resonance perfusion or fractional flow reserve in coronary disease. N Engl J Med. 2019;380(25):2418–28.CrossRef
201.
go back to reference Schuster A, Morton G, Chiribiri A, Perera D, Vanoverschelde JL, Nagel E. Imaging in the management of ischemic cardiomyopathy: special focus on magnetic resonance. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;59(4):359–70.CrossRef Schuster A, Morton G, Chiribiri A, Perera D, Vanoverschelde JL, Nagel E. Imaging in the management of ischemic cardiomyopathy: special focus on magnetic resonance. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;59(4):359–70.CrossRef
202.
go back to reference Miller CD, Case LD, Little WC, et al. Stress CMR reduces revascularization, hospital readmission, and recurrent cardiac testing in intermediate-risk patients with acute chest pain. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013;6(7):785–94.CrossRef Miller CD, Case LD, Little WC, et al. Stress CMR reduces revascularization, hospital readmission, and recurrent cardiac testing in intermediate-risk patients with acute chest pain. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013;6(7):785–94.CrossRef
203.
go back to reference Tornvall P, Gerbaud E, Behaghel A, et al. Myocarditis or “true” infarction by cardiac magnetic resonance in patients with a clinical diagnosis of myocardial infarction without obstructive coronary disease: a meta-analysis of individual patient data. Atherosclerosis. 2015;241(1):87–91.CrossRef Tornvall P, Gerbaud E, Behaghel A, et al. Myocarditis or “true” infarction by cardiac magnetic resonance in patients with a clinical diagnosis of myocardial infarction without obstructive coronary disease: a meta-analysis of individual patient data. Atherosclerosis. 2015;241(1):87–91.CrossRef
204.
go back to reference Thygesen K, Alpert JS, Jaffe AS, et al. Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction (2018). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;72(18):2231–64.CrossRef Thygesen K, Alpert JS, Jaffe AS, et al. Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction (2018). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;72(18):2231–64.CrossRef
205.
go back to reference Dastidar AG, Baritussio A, De Garate E, et al. Prognostic role of CMR and conventional risk factors in myocardial infarction with nonobstructed coronary arteries. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2019;12(10):1973–82.CrossRef Dastidar AG, Baritussio A, De Garate E, et al. Prognostic role of CMR and conventional risk factors in myocardial infarction with nonobstructed coronary arteries. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2019;12(10):1973–82.CrossRef
206.
go back to reference Perez-Pomares JM, de la Pompa JL, Franco D, et al. Congenital coronary artery anomalies: a bridge from embryology to anatomy and pathophysiology–a position statement of the development, anatomy, and pathology ESC Working Group. Cardiovasc Res. 2016;109(2):204–16.CrossRef Perez-Pomares JM, de la Pompa JL, Franco D, et al. Congenital coronary artery anomalies: a bridge from embryology to anatomy and pathophysiology–a position statement of the development, anatomy, and pathology ESC Working Group. Cardiovasc Res. 2016;109(2):204–16.CrossRef
207.
go back to reference Piccini D, Monney P, Sierro C, et al. Respiratory self-navigated postcontrast whole-heart coronary MR angiography: initial experience in patients. Radiology. 2014;270(2):378–86.CrossRef Piccini D, Monney P, Sierro C, et al. Respiratory self-navigated postcontrast whole-heart coronary MR angiography: initial experience in patients. Radiology. 2014;270(2):378–86.CrossRef
208.
go back to reference Mavrogeni S, Papadopoulos G, Hussain T, Chiribiri A, Botnar R, Greil GF. The emerging role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance in the evaluation of Kawasaki disease. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013;29(8):1787–98.CrossRef Mavrogeni S, Papadopoulos G, Hussain T, Chiribiri A, Botnar R, Greil GF. The emerging role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance in the evaluation of Kawasaki disease. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013;29(8):1787–98.CrossRef
209.
go back to reference Muthusami P, Luining W, McCrindle B, et al. Myocardial perfusion, fibrosis, and contractility in children with Kawasaki Disease. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2018;11(12):1922–4.CrossRef Muthusami P, Luining W, McCrindle B, et al. Myocardial perfusion, fibrosis, and contractility in children with Kawasaki Disease. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2018;11(12):1922–4.CrossRef
210.
go back to reference Verdoni L, Mazza A, Gervasoni A, et al. An outbreak of severe Kawasaki-like disease at the Italian epicentre of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic: an observational cohort study. Lancet. 2020;395(10239):1771–8.CrossRef Verdoni L, Mazza A, Gervasoni A, et al. An outbreak of severe Kawasaki-like disease at the Italian epicentre of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic: an observational cohort study. Lancet. 2020;395(10239):1771–8.CrossRef
211.
go back to reference Arbustini E, Narula N, Dec GW, et al. The MOGE(S) classification for a phenotype-genotype nomenclature of cardiomyopathy: endorsed by the World Heart Federation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;62(22):2046–72.CrossRef Arbustini E, Narula N, Dec GW, et al. The MOGE(S) classification for a phenotype-genotype nomenclature of cardiomyopathy: endorsed by the World Heart Federation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;62(22):2046–72.CrossRef
212.
go back to reference Rapezzi C, Arbustini E, Caforio AL, et al. Diagnostic work-up in cardiomyopathies: bridging the gap between clinical phenotypes and final diagnosis. A position statement from the ESC Working Group on Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases. Eur Heart J. 2013;34(19):1448–58.CrossRef Rapezzi C, Arbustini E, Caforio AL, et al. Diagnostic work-up in cardiomyopathies: bridging the gap between clinical phenotypes and final diagnosis. A position statement from the ESC Working Group on Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases. Eur Heart J. 2013;34(19):1448–58.CrossRef
213.
go back to reference von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff F, Schulz-Menger J. Role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance in the guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2016;18(1):6.CrossRef von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff F, Schulz-Menger J. Role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance in the guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2016;18(1):6.CrossRef
214.
go back to reference American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force on Expert Consensus D, Hundley WG, Bluemke DA, et al. ACCF/ACR/AHA/NASCI/SCMR 2010 expert consensus document on cardiovascular magnetic resonance: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force on Expert Consensus Documents. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010;55(23):2614–2662. American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force on Expert Consensus D, Hundley WG, Bluemke DA, et al. ACCF/ACR/AHA/NASCI/SCMR 2010 expert consensus document on cardiovascular magnetic resonance: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force on Expert Consensus Documents. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010;55(23):2614–2662.
215.
go back to reference Lawson MA, Blackwell GG, Davis ND, Roney M, Dell’Italia LJ, Pohost GM. Accuracy of biplane long-axis left ventricular volume determined by cine magnetic resonance imaging in patients with regional and global dysfunction. Am J Cardiol. 1996;77(12):1098–104.CrossRef Lawson MA, Blackwell GG, Davis ND, Roney M, Dell’Italia LJ, Pohost GM. Accuracy of biplane long-axis left ventricular volume determined by cine magnetic resonance imaging in patients with regional and global dysfunction. Am J Cardiol. 1996;77(12):1098–104.CrossRef
216.
go back to reference Bloomer TN, Plein S, Radjenovic A, et al. Cine MRI using steady state free precession in the radial long axis orientation is a fast accurate method for obtaining volumetric data of the left ventricle. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2001;14(6):685–92.CrossRef Bloomer TN, Plein S, Radjenovic A, et al. Cine MRI using steady state free precession in the radial long axis orientation is a fast accurate method for obtaining volumetric data of the left ventricle. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2001;14(6):685–92.CrossRef
217.
go back to reference Maceira AM, Prasad SK, Khan M, Pennell DJ. Normalized left ventricular systolic and diastolic function by steady state free precession cardiovascular magnetic resonance. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2006a;8(3):417–26.CrossRef Maceira AM, Prasad SK, Khan M, Pennell DJ. Normalized left ventricular systolic and diastolic function by steady state free precession cardiovascular magnetic resonance. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2006a;8(3):417–26.CrossRef
218.
go back to reference Le Ven F, Bibeau K, De Larochelliere E, et al. Cardiac morphology and function reference values derived from a large subset of healthy young Caucasian adults by magnetic resonance imaging. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016;17(9):981–90.CrossRef Le Ven F, Bibeau K, De Larochelliere E, et al. Cardiac morphology and function reference values derived from a large subset of healthy young Caucasian adults by magnetic resonance imaging. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016;17(9):981–90.CrossRef
219.
go back to reference Schulz-Menger J, Bluemke DA, Bremerich J, et al. Standardized image interpretation and post processing in cardiovascular magnetic resonance: Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (SCMR) board of trustees task force on standardized post processing. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2013;15(1):35.CrossRef Schulz-Menger J, Bluemke DA, Bremerich J, et al. Standardized image interpretation and post processing in cardiovascular magnetic resonance: Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (SCMR) board of trustees task force on standardized post processing. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2013;15(1):35.CrossRef
220.
go back to reference Hudsmith LE, Petersen SE, Francis JM, Robson MD, Neubauer S. Normal human left and right ventricular and left atrial dimensions using steady state free precession magnetic resonance imaging. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2005;7(5):775–82.CrossRef Hudsmith LE, Petersen SE, Francis JM, Robson MD, Neubauer S. Normal human left and right ventricular and left atrial dimensions using steady state free precession magnetic resonance imaging. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2005;7(5):775–82.CrossRef
221.
go back to reference Maceira AM, Prasad SK, Khan M, Pennell DJ. Reference right ventricular systolic and diastolic function normalized to age, gender and body surface area from steady-state free precession cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Eur Heart J. 2006b;27(23):2879–88.CrossRef Maceira AM, Prasad SK, Khan M, Pennell DJ. Reference right ventricular systolic and diastolic function normalized to age, gender and body surface area from steady-state free precession cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Eur Heart J. 2006b;27(23):2879–88.CrossRef
222.
go back to reference Carbone I, Friedrich MG. Myocardial edema imaging by cardiovascular magnetic resonance: current status and future potential. Curr Cardiol Rep. 2012;14(1):1–6.CrossRef Carbone I, Friedrich MG. Myocardial edema imaging by cardiovascular magnetic resonance: current status and future potential. Curr Cardiol Rep. 2012;14(1):1–6.CrossRef
223.
go back to reference Kumar A, Green JD, Sykes JM, et al. Detection and quantification of myocardial reperfusion hemorrhage using T2*-weighted CMR. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2011;4(12):1274–83.CrossRef Kumar A, Green JD, Sykes JM, et al. Detection and quantification of myocardial reperfusion hemorrhage using T2*-weighted CMR. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2011;4(12):1274–83.CrossRef
224.
go back to reference Mather AN, Fairbairn TA, Ball SG, Greenwood JP, Plein S. Reperfusion haemorrhage as determined by cardiovascular MRI is a predictor of adverse left ventricular remodelling and markers of late arrhythmic risk. Heart. 2011;97(6):453–9.CrossRef Mather AN, Fairbairn TA, Ball SG, Greenwood JP, Plein S. Reperfusion haemorrhage as determined by cardiovascular MRI is a predictor of adverse left ventricular remodelling and markers of late arrhythmic risk. Heart. 2011;97(6):453–9.CrossRef
225.
go back to reference Messroghli DR, Moon JC, Ferreira VM, et al. Clinical recommendations for cardiovascular magnetic resonance mapping of T1, T2, T2* and extracellular volume: a consensus statement by the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (SCMR) endorsed by the European Association for Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI). J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2017;19(1):75.CrossRef Messroghli DR, Moon JC, Ferreira VM, et al. Clinical recommendations for cardiovascular magnetic resonance mapping of T1, T2, T2* and extracellular volume: a consensus statement by the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (SCMR) endorsed by the European Association for Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI). J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2017;19(1):75.CrossRef
226.
go back to reference Fujita N, Duerinekx AJ, Higgins CB. Variation in left ventricular regional wall stress with cine magnetic resonance imaging: normal subjects versus dilated cardiomyopathy. Am Heart J. 1993;125(5 Pt 1):1337–45.CrossRef Fujita N, Duerinekx AJ, Higgins CB. Variation in left ventricular regional wall stress with cine magnetic resonance imaging: normal subjects versus dilated cardiomyopathy. Am Heart J. 1993;125(5 Pt 1):1337–45.CrossRef
227.
go back to reference Crean AM, Maredia N, Ballard G, et al. 3D Echo systematically underestimates right ventricular volumes compared to cardiovascular magnetic resonance in adult congenital heart disease patients with moderate or severe RV dilatation. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2011;13(1):78.CrossRef Crean AM, Maredia N, Ballard G, et al. 3D Echo systematically underestimates right ventricular volumes compared to cardiovascular magnetic resonance in adult congenital heart disease patients with moderate or severe RV dilatation. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2011;13(1):78.CrossRef
228.
go back to reference McCrohon JA, Moon JC, Prasad SK, et al. Differentiation of heart failure related to dilated cardiomyopathy and coronary artery disease using gadolinium-enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Circulation. 2003;108(1):54–9.CrossRef McCrohon JA, Moon JC, Prasad SK, et al. Differentiation of heart failure related to dilated cardiomyopathy and coronary artery disease using gadolinium-enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Circulation. 2003;108(1):54–9.CrossRef
229.
go back to reference Assomull RG, Prasad SK, Lyne J, et al. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance, fibrosis, and prognosis in dilated cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;48(10):1977–85.CrossRef Assomull RG, Prasad SK, Lyne J, et al. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance, fibrosis, and prognosis in dilated cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;48(10):1977–85.CrossRef
230.
go back to reference Puntmann VO, Voigt T, Chen Z, et al. Native T1 mapping in differentiation of normal myocardium from diffuse disease in hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathy. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013;6(4):475–84.CrossRef Puntmann VO, Voigt T, Chen Z, et al. Native T1 mapping in differentiation of normal myocardium from diffuse disease in hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathy. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013;6(4):475–84.CrossRef
231.
go back to reference Ausdem Siepen F, Buss SJ, Messroghli D, et al. T1 mapping in dilated cardiomyopathy with cardiac magnetic resonance: quantification of diffuse myocardial fibrosis and comparison with endomyocardial biopsy. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015;16(2):210–6.CrossRef Ausdem Siepen F, Buss SJ, Messroghli D, et al. T1 mapping in dilated cardiomyopathy with cardiac magnetic resonance: quantification of diffuse myocardial fibrosis and comparison with endomyocardial biopsy. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015;16(2):210–6.CrossRef
232.
go back to reference Chetrit M, Friedrich MG. The unique role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in acute myocarditis. F1000Res. 2018;7:1153.CrossRef Chetrit M, Friedrich MG. The unique role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in acute myocarditis. F1000Res. 2018;7:1153.CrossRef
233.
go back to reference Biesbroek PS, Hirsch A, Zweerink A, et al. Additional diagnostic value of CMR to the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) position statement criteria in a large clinical population of patients with suspected myocarditis. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2018;19(12):1397–407.CrossRef Biesbroek PS, Hirsch A, Zweerink A, et al. Additional diagnostic value of CMR to the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) position statement criteria in a large clinical population of patients with suspected myocarditis. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2018;19(12):1397–407.CrossRef
234.
go back to reference Patriki D, Gresser E, Manka R, Emmert MY, Luscher TF, Heidecker B. Approximation of the incidence of myocarditis by systematic screening with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. JACC Heart Fail. 2018;6(7):573–9.CrossRef Patriki D, Gresser E, Manka R, Emmert MY, Luscher TF, Heidecker B. Approximation of the incidence of myocarditis by systematic screening with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. JACC Heart Fail. 2018;6(7):573–9.CrossRef
235.
go back to reference Ferreira VM, Schulz-Menger J, Holmvang G, et al. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance in nonischemic myocardial inflammation: expert recommendations. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;72(24):3158–76.CrossRef Ferreira VM, Schulz-Menger J, Holmvang G, et al. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance in nonischemic myocardial inflammation: expert recommendations. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;72(24):3158–76.CrossRef
236.
go back to reference Gagliardi MG, Bevilacqua M, Di Renzi P, Picardo S, Passariello R, Marcelletti C. Usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosis of acute myocarditis in infants and children, and comparison with endomyocardial biopsy. Am J Cardiol. 1991;68(10):1089–91.CrossRef Gagliardi MG, Bevilacqua M, Di Renzi P, Picardo S, Passariello R, Marcelletti C. Usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosis of acute myocarditis in infants and children, and comparison with endomyocardial biopsy. Am J Cardiol. 1991;68(10):1089–91.CrossRef
237.
go back to reference Abdel-Aty H, Boye P, Zagrosek A, et al. Diagnostic performance of cardiovascular magnetic resonance in patients with suspected acute myocarditis: comparison of different approaches. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;45(11):1815–22.CrossRef Abdel-Aty H, Boye P, Zagrosek A, et al. Diagnostic performance of cardiovascular magnetic resonance in patients with suspected acute myocarditis: comparison of different approaches. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;45(11):1815–22.CrossRef
238.
go back to reference Jeserich M, Foll D, Olschewski M, et al. Evidence of myocardial edema in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. Clin Cardiol. 2012;35(6):371–6.CrossRef Jeserich M, Foll D, Olschewski M, et al. Evidence of myocardial edema in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. Clin Cardiol. 2012;35(6):371–6.CrossRef
239.
go back to reference Bohl S, Wassmuth R, Abdel-Aty H, et al. Delayed enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance imaging reveals typical patterns of myocardial injury in patients with various forms of non-ischemic heart disease. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2008;24(6):597–607.CrossRef Bohl S, Wassmuth R, Abdel-Aty H, et al. Delayed enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance imaging reveals typical patterns of myocardial injury in patients with various forms of non-ischemic heart disease. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2008;24(6):597–607.CrossRef
240.
go back to reference De Cobelli F, Pieroni M, Esposito A, et al. Delayed gadolinium-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance in patients with chronic myocarditis presenting with heart failure or recurrent arrhythmias. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;47(8):1649–54.CrossRef De Cobelli F, Pieroni M, Esposito A, et al. Delayed gadolinium-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance in patients with chronic myocarditis presenting with heart failure or recurrent arrhythmias. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;47(8):1649–54.CrossRef
241.
go back to reference Zagrosek A, Abdel-Aty H, Boye P, et al. Cardiac magnetic resonance monitors reversible and irreversible myocardial injury in myocarditis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2009;2(2):131–8.CrossRef Zagrosek A, Abdel-Aty H, Boye P, et al. Cardiac magnetic resonance monitors reversible and irreversible myocardial injury in myocarditis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2009;2(2):131–8.CrossRef
242.
go back to reference Hindieh W, Weissler-Snir A, Hammer H, Adler A, Rakowski H, Chan RH. Discrepant measurements of maximal left ventricular wall thickness between cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and echocardiography in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017;10(8):e006309.CrossRef Hindieh W, Weissler-Snir A, Hammer H, Adler A, Rakowski H, Chan RH. Discrepant measurements of maximal left ventricular wall thickness between cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and echocardiography in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017;10(8):e006309.CrossRef
243.
go back to reference Olivotto I, Maron MS, Autore C, et al. Assessment and significance of left ventricular mass by cardiovascular magnetic resonance in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008;52(7):559–66.CrossRef Olivotto I, Maron MS, Autore C, et al. Assessment and significance of left ventricular mass by cardiovascular magnetic resonance in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008;52(7):559–66.CrossRef
244.
go back to reference Germans T, Wilde AA, Dijkmans PA, et al. Structural abnormalities of the inferoseptal left ventricular wall detected by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in carriers of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy mutations. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;48(12):2518–23.CrossRef Germans T, Wilde AA, Dijkmans PA, et al. Structural abnormalities of the inferoseptal left ventricular wall detected by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in carriers of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy mutations. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;48(12):2518–23.CrossRef
245.
go back to reference Brouwer WP, Germans T, Head MC, et al. Multiple myocardial crypts on modified long-axis view are a specific finding in pre-hypertrophic HCM mutation carriers. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2012;13(4):292–7.CrossRef Brouwer WP, Germans T, Head MC, et al. Multiple myocardial crypts on modified long-axis view are a specific finding in pre-hypertrophic HCM mutation carriers. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2012;13(4):292–7.CrossRef
246.
go back to reference Tower-Rader A, Mohananey D, To A, Lever HM, Popovic ZB, Desai MY. Prognostic value of global longitudinal strain in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a systematic review of existing literature. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2018;12:1930–42.CrossRef Tower-Rader A, Mohananey D, To A, Lever HM, Popovic ZB, Desai MY. Prognostic value of global longitudinal strain in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a systematic review of existing literature. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2018;12:1930–42.CrossRef
247.
go back to reference Moon JC, Reed E, Sheppard MN, et al. The histologic basis of late gadolinium enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004;43(12):2260–4.CrossRef Moon JC, Reed E, Sheppard MN, et al. The histologic basis of late gadolinium enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004;43(12):2260–4.CrossRef
248.
go back to reference Wilson JM, Villareal RP, Hariharan R, Massumi A, Muthupillai R, Flamm SD. Magnetic resonance imaging of myocardial fibrosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Tex Heart Inst J. 2002;29(3):176–80. Wilson JM, Villareal RP, Hariharan R, Massumi A, Muthupillai R, Flamm SD. Magnetic resonance imaging of myocardial fibrosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Tex Heart Inst J. 2002;29(3):176–80.
249.
go back to reference O’Hanlon R, Grasso A, Roughton M, et al. Prognostic significance of myocardial fibrosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;56(11):867–74.CrossRef O’Hanlon R, Grasso A, Roughton M, et al. Prognostic significance of myocardial fibrosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;56(11):867–74.CrossRef
250.
go back to reference Chan RH, Maron BJ, Olivotto I, et al. Prognostic value of quantitative contrast-enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance for the evaluation of sudden death risk in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Circulation. 2014;130(6):484–95.CrossRef Chan RH, Maron BJ, Olivotto I, et al. Prognostic value of quantitative contrast-enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance for the evaluation of sudden death risk in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Circulation. 2014;130(6):484–95.CrossRef
251.
go back to reference Kramer CM, Appelbaum E, Desai MY, et al. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Registry: the rationale and design of an international, observational study of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Am Heart J. 2015;170(2):223–30.CrossRef Kramer CM, Appelbaum E, Desai MY, et al. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Registry: the rationale and design of an international, observational study of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Am Heart J. 2015;170(2):223–30.CrossRef
252.
go back to reference Abdel-Aty H, Cocker M, Strohm O, Filipchuk N, Friedrich MG. Abnormalities in T2-weighted cardiovascular magnetic resonance images of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: regional distribution and relation to late gadolinium enhancement and severity of hypertrophy. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2008;28(1):242–5.CrossRef Abdel-Aty H, Cocker M, Strohm O, Filipchuk N, Friedrich MG. Abnormalities in T2-weighted cardiovascular magnetic resonance images of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: regional distribution and relation to late gadolinium enhancement and severity of hypertrophy. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2008;28(1):242–5.CrossRef
253.
go back to reference Schulz-Menger J, Strohm O, Waigand J, Uhlich F, Dietz R, Friedrich MG. The value of magnetic resonance imaging of the left ventricular outflow tract in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy after septal artery embolization. Circulation. 2000;101(15):1764–6.CrossRef Schulz-Menger J, Strohm O, Waigand J, Uhlich F, Dietz R, Friedrich MG. The value of magnetic resonance imaging of the left ventricular outflow tract in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy after septal artery embolization. Circulation. 2000;101(15):1764–6.CrossRef
254.
go back to reference Schulz-Menger J, Wassmuth R, Abdel-Aty H, et al. Patterns of myocardial inflammation and scarring in sarcoidosis as assessed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Heart. 2006;92(3):399–400.CrossRef Schulz-Menger J, Wassmuth R, Abdel-Aty H, et al. Patterns of myocardial inflammation and scarring in sarcoidosis as assessed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Heart. 2006;92(3):399–400.CrossRef
255.
go back to reference Ellims AH, Iles LM, Ling LH, et al. A comprehensive evaluation of myocardial fibrosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging: linking genotype with fibrotic phenotype. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014;15(10):1108–16.CrossRef Ellims AH, Iles LM, Ling LH, et al. A comprehensive evaluation of myocardial fibrosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging: linking genotype with fibrotic phenotype. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014;15(10):1108–16.CrossRef
256.
go back to reference Swoboda PP, McDiarmid AK, Erhayiem B, et al. Effect of cellular and extracellular pathology assessed by T1 mapping on regional contractile function in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2017;19(1):16.CrossRef Swoboda PP, McDiarmid AK, Erhayiem B, et al. Effect of cellular and extracellular pathology assessed by T1 mapping on regional contractile function in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2017;19(1):16.CrossRef
257.
go back to reference Petersen SE, Selvanayagam JB, Francis JM, et al. Differentiation of athlete’s heart from pathological forms of cardiac hypertrophy by means of geometric indices derived from cardiovascular magnetic resonance. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2005;7(3):551–8.CrossRef Petersen SE, Selvanayagam JB, Francis JM, et al. Differentiation of athlete’s heart from pathological forms of cardiac hypertrophy by means of geometric indices derived from cardiovascular magnetic resonance. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2005;7(3):551–8.CrossRef
258.
go back to reference Swoboda PP, Erhayiem B, McDiarmid AK, et al. Relationship between cardiac deformation parameters measured by cardiovascular magnetic resonance and aerobic fitness in endurance athletes. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2016;18(1):48.CrossRef Swoboda PP, Erhayiem B, McDiarmid AK, et al. Relationship between cardiac deformation parameters measured by cardiovascular magnetic resonance and aerobic fitness in endurance athletes. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2016;18(1):48.CrossRef
259.
go back to reference Jain A, Tandri H, Calkins H, Bluemke DA. Role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2008;10(1):32.CrossRef Jain A, Tandri H, Calkins H, Bluemke DA. Role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2008;10(1):32.CrossRef
260.
go back to reference Miles C, Finocchiaro G, Papadakis M, et al. Sudden death and left ventricular involvement in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. Circulation. 2019;139(15):1786–97.CrossRef Miles C, Finocchiaro G, Papadakis M, et al. Sudden death and left ventricular involvement in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. Circulation. 2019;139(15):1786–97.CrossRef
261.
go back to reference Gandjbakhch E, Redheuil A, Pousset F, Charron P, Frank R. Clinical diagnosis, imaging, and genetics of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia: JACC State-of-the-Art Review. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;72(7):784–804.CrossRef Gandjbakhch E, Redheuil A, Pousset F, Charron P, Frank R. Clinical diagnosis, imaging, and genetics of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia: JACC State-of-the-Art Review. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;72(7):784–804.CrossRef
262.
go back to reference Dalal D, Tandri H, Judge DP, et al. Morphologic variants of familial arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy a genetics-magnetic resonance imaging correlation study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;53(15):1289–99.CrossRef Dalal D, Tandri H, Judge DP, et al. Morphologic variants of familial arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy a genetics-magnetic resonance imaging correlation study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;53(15):1289–99.CrossRef
263.
go back to reference McKenna WJ, Thiene G, Nava A, et al. Diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy. Task Force of the Working Group Myocardial and Pericardial Disease of the European Society of Cardiology and of the Scientific Council on Cardiomyopathies of the International Society and Federation of Cardiology. Br Heart J. 1994;71(3):215–8.CrossRef McKenna WJ, Thiene G, Nava A, et al. Diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy. Task Force of the Working Group Myocardial and Pericardial Disease of the European Society of Cardiology and of the Scientific Council on Cardiomyopathies of the International Society and Federation of Cardiology. Br Heart J. 1994;71(3):215–8.CrossRef
264.
go back to reference Marcus FI, McKenna WJ, Sherrill D, et al. Diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia: proposed modification of the task force criteria. Circulation. 2010;121(13):1533–41.CrossRef Marcus FI, McKenna WJ, Sherrill D, et al. Diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia: proposed modification of the task force criteria. Circulation. 2010;121(13):1533–41.CrossRef
265.
go back to reference Vermes E, Strohm O, Otmani A, Childs H, Duff H, Friedrich MG. Impact of the revision of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia task force criteria on its prevalence by CMR criteria. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2011;4(3):282–7.CrossRef Vermes E, Strohm O, Otmani A, Childs H, Duff H, Friedrich MG. Impact of the revision of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia task force criteria on its prevalence by CMR criteria. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2011;4(3):282–7.CrossRef
266.
go back to reference Karamitsos TD, Piechnik SK, Banypersad SM, et al. Noncontrast T1 mapping for the diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013;6(4):488–97.CrossRef Karamitsos TD, Piechnik SK, Banypersad SM, et al. Noncontrast T1 mapping for the diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013;6(4):488–97.CrossRef
267.
go back to reference Maceira AM, Joshi J, Prasad SK, et al. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance in cardiac amyloidosis. Circulation. 2005;111(2):186–93.CrossRef Maceira AM, Joshi J, Prasad SK, et al. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance in cardiac amyloidosis. Circulation. 2005;111(2):186–93.CrossRef
268.
go back to reference Anderson LJ, Holden S, Davis B, et al. Cardiovascular T2-star (T2*) magnetic resonance for the early diagnosis of myocardial iron overload. Eur Heart J. 2001;22(23):2171–9.CrossRef Anderson LJ, Holden S, Davis B, et al. Cardiovascular T2-star (T2*) magnetic resonance for the early diagnosis of myocardial iron overload. Eur Heart J. 2001;22(23):2171–9.CrossRef
269.
go back to reference Anderson LJ, Wonke B, Prescott E, Holden S, Walker JM, Pennell DJ. Comparison of effects of oral deferiprone and subcutaneous desferrioxamine on myocardial iron concentrations and ventricular function in beta-thalassaemia. Lancet. 2002;360(9332):516–20.CrossRef Anderson LJ, Wonke B, Prescott E, Holden S, Walker JM, Pennell DJ. Comparison of effects of oral deferiprone and subcutaneous desferrioxamine on myocardial iron concentrations and ventricular function in beta-thalassaemia. Lancet. 2002;360(9332):516–20.CrossRef
270.
go back to reference Kirk P, Roughton M, Porter JB, et al. Cardiac T2* magnetic resonance for prediction of cardiac complications in thalassemia major. Circulation. 2009;120(20):1961–8.CrossRef Kirk P, Roughton M, Porter JB, et al. Cardiac T2* magnetic resonance for prediction of cardiac complications in thalassemia major. Circulation. 2009;120(20):1961–8.CrossRef
271.
go back to reference Modell B, Khan M, Darlison M, Westwood MA, Ingram D, Pennell DJ. Improved survival of thalassaemia major in the UK and relation to T2* cardiovascular magnetic resonance. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2008;10(1):42.CrossRef Modell B, Khan M, Darlison M, Westwood MA, Ingram D, Pennell DJ. Improved survival of thalassaemia major in the UK and relation to T2* cardiovascular magnetic resonance. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2008;10(1):42.CrossRef
272.
go back to reference Carpenter JP, He T, Kirk P, et al. On T2* magnetic resonance and cardiac iron. Circulation. 2011;123(14):1519–28.CrossRef Carpenter JP, He T, Kirk P, et al. On T2* magnetic resonance and cardiac iron. Circulation. 2011;123(14):1519–28.CrossRef
273.
go back to reference Sado D, White SK, Piechnik SK, et al. Native T1 lowering in iron overload and Anderson Fabry disease; a novel and early marker of disease. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2013a;15(S1):O71.CrossRef Sado D, White SK, Piechnik SK, et al. Native T1 lowering in iron overload and Anderson Fabry disease; a novel and early marker of disease. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2013a;15(S1):O71.CrossRef
274.
go back to reference Alam MH, Auger D, McGill LA, et al. Comparison of 3 T and 1.5 T for T2* magnetic resonance of tissue iron. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2016;18(1):40.CrossRef Alam MH, Auger D, McGill LA, et al. Comparison of 3 T and 1.5 T for T2* magnetic resonance of tissue iron. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2016;18(1):40.CrossRef
275.
go back to reference Jenni R, Oechslin E, Schneider J, Attenhofer Jost C, Kaufmann PA. Echocardiographic and pathoanatomical characteristics of isolated left ventricular non-compaction: a step towards classification as a distinct cardiomyopathy. Heart. 2001;86(6):666–71.CrossRef Jenni R, Oechslin E, Schneider J, Attenhofer Jost C, Kaufmann PA. Echocardiographic and pathoanatomical characteristics of isolated left ventricular non-compaction: a step towards classification as a distinct cardiomyopathy. Heart. 2001;86(6):666–71.CrossRef
276.
go back to reference Towbin JA, Lorts A, Jefferies JL. Left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy. Lancet. 2015;386(9995):813–25.CrossRef Towbin JA, Lorts A, Jefferies JL. Left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy. Lancet. 2015;386(9995):813–25.CrossRef
277.
go back to reference Amzulescu MS, Rousseau MF, Ahn SA, et al. Prognostic impact of hypertrabeculation and noncompaction phenotype in dilated cardiomyopathy: a CMR Study. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015;8(8):934–46.CrossRef Amzulescu MS, Rousseau MF, Ahn SA, et al. Prognostic impact of hypertrabeculation and noncompaction phenotype in dilated cardiomyopathy: a CMR Study. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015;8(8):934–46.CrossRef
278.
go back to reference Lorca R, Martin M, Gomez J, et al. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and left ventricular non-compaction: different manifestations of the same cardiomyopathy spectrum? Int J Cardiol. 2015;190:26–8.CrossRef Lorca R, Martin M, Gomez J, et al. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and left ventricular non-compaction: different manifestations of the same cardiomyopathy spectrum? Int J Cardiol. 2015;190:26–8.CrossRef
279.
go back to reference Petersen SE, Selvanayagam JB, Wiesmann F, et al. Left ventricular non-compaction: insights from cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;46(1):101–5.CrossRef Petersen SE, Selvanayagam JB, Wiesmann F, et al. Left ventricular non-compaction: insights from cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;46(1):101–5.CrossRef
280.
go back to reference Kawel N, Nacif M, Arai AE, et al. Trabeculated (noncompacted) and compact myocardium in adults: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2012;5(3):357–66.CrossRef Kawel N, Nacif M, Arai AE, et al. Trabeculated (noncompacted) and compact myocardium in adults: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2012;5(3):357–66.CrossRef
281.
go back to reference Weir-McCall JR, Yeap PM, Papagiorcopulo C, et al. Left ventricular noncompaction: anatomical phenotype or distinct cardiomyopathy? J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;68(20):2157–65.CrossRef Weir-McCall JR, Yeap PM, Papagiorcopulo C, et al. Left ventricular noncompaction: anatomical phenotype or distinct cardiomyopathy? J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;68(20):2157–65.CrossRef
282.
go back to reference Ashrith G, Gupta D, Hanmer J, Weiss RM. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance characterization of left ventricular non-compaction provides independent prognostic information in patients with incident heart failure or suspected cardiomyopathy. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2014;16(1):64.CrossRef Ashrith G, Gupta D, Hanmer J, Weiss RM. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance characterization of left ventricular non-compaction provides independent prognostic information in patients with incident heart failure or suspected cardiomyopathy. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2014;16(1):64.CrossRef
283.
go back to reference Jacquier A, Thuny F, Jop B, et al. Measurement of trabeculated left ventricular mass using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of left ventricular non-compaction. Eur Heart J. 2010;31(9):1098–104.CrossRef Jacquier A, Thuny F, Jop B, et al. Measurement of trabeculated left ventricular mass using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of left ventricular non-compaction. Eur Heart J. 2010;31(9):1098–104.CrossRef
284.
go back to reference Choi Y, Kim SM, Lee SC, Chang SA, Jang SY, Choe YH. Quantification of left ventricular trabeculae using cardiovascular magnetic resonance for the diagnosis of left ventricular non-compaction: evaluation of trabecular volume and refined semi-quantitative criteria. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2016;18(1):24.CrossRef Choi Y, Kim SM, Lee SC, Chang SA, Jang SY, Choe YH. Quantification of left ventricular trabeculae using cardiovascular magnetic resonance for the diagnosis of left ventricular non-compaction: evaluation of trabecular volume and refined semi-quantitative criteria. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2016;18(1):24.CrossRef
285.
go back to reference Boban M, Pesa V, Gabric ID, et al. Auxiliary diagnostic potential of ventricle geometry and late gadolinium enhancement in left ventricular non-compaction; non-randomized case control study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2017;17(1):286.CrossRef Boban M, Pesa V, Gabric ID, et al. Auxiliary diagnostic potential of ventricle geometry and late gadolinium enhancement in left ventricular non-compaction; non-randomized case control study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2017;17(1):286.CrossRef
286.
go back to reference Grigoratos C, Barison A, Ivanov A, et al. Meta-analysis of the prognostic role of late gadolinium enhancement and global systolic impairment in left ventricular noncompaction. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2019;12(11 Pt 1):2141–51.CrossRef Grigoratos C, Barison A, Ivanov A, et al. Meta-analysis of the prognostic role of late gadolinium enhancement and global systolic impairment in left ventricular noncompaction. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2019;12(11 Pt 1):2141–51.CrossRef
287.
go back to reference Andreini D, Pontone G, Bogaert J, et al. Long-term prognostic value of cardiac magnetic resonance in left ventricle noncompaction: a prospective multicenter study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;68(20):2166–81.CrossRef Andreini D, Pontone G, Bogaert J, et al. Long-term prognostic value of cardiac magnetic resonance in left ventricle noncompaction: a prospective multicenter study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;68(20):2166–81.CrossRef
288.
go back to reference Perry R, Shah R, Saiedi M, et al. The role of cardiac imaging in the diagnosis and management of anderson-fabry disease. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2019;12(7 Pt 1):1230–42.CrossRef Perry R, Shah R, Saiedi M, et al. The role of cardiac imaging in the diagnosis and management of anderson-fabry disease. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2019;12(7 Pt 1):1230–42.CrossRef
289.
go back to reference Nordin S, Kozor R, Medina-Menacho K, et al. Proposed stages of myocardial phenotype development in fabry disease. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2019;12(8 Pt 2):1673–83.CrossRef Nordin S, Kozor R, Medina-Menacho K, et al. Proposed stages of myocardial phenotype development in fabry disease. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2019;12(8 Pt 2):1673–83.CrossRef
290.
go back to reference Sado DM, White SK, Piechnik SK, et al. Identification and assessment of Anderson-Fabry disease by cardiovascular magnetic resonance noncontrast myocardial T1 mapping. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013b;6(3):392–8.CrossRef Sado DM, White SK, Piechnik SK, et al. Identification and assessment of Anderson-Fabry disease by cardiovascular magnetic resonance noncontrast myocardial T1 mapping. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013b;6(3):392–8.CrossRef
291.
go back to reference Moon JC, Sachdev B, Elkington AG, et al. Gadolinium enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance in Anderson-Fabry disease. Evidence for a disease specific abnormality of the myocardial interstitium. Eur Heart J. 2003;24(23):2151–5.CrossRef Moon JC, Sachdev B, Elkington AG, et al. Gadolinium enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance in Anderson-Fabry disease. Evidence for a disease specific abnormality of the myocardial interstitium. Eur Heart J. 2003;24(23):2151–5.CrossRef
292.
go back to reference Frustaci A, Verardo R, Grande C, et al. Immune-mediated myocarditis in fabry disease cardiomyopathy. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018;7(17):e009052.CrossRef Frustaci A, Verardo R, Grande C, et al. Immune-mediated myocarditis in fabry disease cardiomyopathy. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018;7(17):e009052.CrossRef
293.
go back to reference Writing G, Document reading G, for ERTdwrbmotESDC. A joint procedural position statement on imaging in cardiac sarcoidosis: from the Cardiovascular and Inflammation & Infection Committees of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine, the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging, and the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017;18(10):1073–1089. Writing G, Document reading G, for ERTdwrbmotESDC. A joint procedural position statement on imaging in cardiac sarcoidosis: from the Cardiovascular and Inflammation & Infection Committees of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine, the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging, and the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017;18(10):1073–1089.
294.
go back to reference Kouranos V, Tzelepis GE, Rapti A, et al. Complementary role of CMR to conventional screening in the diagnosis and prognosis of cardiac sarcoidosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017;10(12):1437–47.CrossRef Kouranos V, Tzelepis GE, Rapti A, et al. Complementary role of CMR to conventional screening in the diagnosis and prognosis of cardiac sarcoidosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017;10(12):1437–47.CrossRef
295.
go back to reference Puntmann VO, Isted A, Hinojar R, Foote L, Carr-White G, Nagel E. T1 and T2 mapping in recognition of early cardiac involvement in systemic sarcoidosis. Radiology. 2017;285(1):63–72.CrossRef Puntmann VO, Isted A, Hinojar R, Foote L, Carr-White G, Nagel E. T1 and T2 mapping in recognition of early cardiac involvement in systemic sarcoidosis. Radiology. 2017;285(1):63–72.CrossRef
296.
go back to reference Perry A, Vuitch F. Causes of death in patients with sarcoidosis. A morphologic study of 38 autopsies with clinicopathologic correlations. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1995;119(2):167–72. Perry A, Vuitch F. Causes of death in patients with sarcoidosis. A morphologic study of 38 autopsies with clinicopathologic correlations. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1995;119(2):167–72.
297.
go back to reference Matsuki M, Matsuo M. MR findings of myocardial sarcoidosis. Clin Radiol. 2000;55(4):323–5.CrossRef Matsuki M, Matsuo M. MR findings of myocardial sarcoidosis. Clin Radiol. 2000;55(4):323–5.CrossRef
298.
go back to reference Coleman GC, Shaw PW, Balfour PC Jr, et al. Prognostic value of myocardial scarring on CMR in patients with cardiac sarcoidosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017;10(4):411–20.CrossRef Coleman GC, Shaw PW, Balfour PC Jr, et al. Prognostic value of myocardial scarring on CMR in patients with cardiac sarcoidosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017;10(4):411–20.CrossRef
299.
go back to reference Vignaux O, Dhote R, Duboc D, et al. Detection of myocardial involvement in patients with sarcoidosis applying T2-weighted, contrast-enhanced, and cine magnetic resonance imaging: initial results of a prospective study. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2002;26(5):762–7.CrossRef Vignaux O, Dhote R, Duboc D, et al. Detection of myocardial involvement in patients with sarcoidosis applying T2-weighted, contrast-enhanced, and cine magnetic resonance imaging: initial results of a prospective study. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2002;26(5):762–7.CrossRef
300.
go back to reference Ghadri JR, Wittstein IS, Prasad A, et al. International Expert Consensus Document on Takotsubo Syndrome (Part II): diagnostic workup, outcome, and management. Eur Heart J. 2018;39(22):2047–62.CrossRef Ghadri JR, Wittstein IS, Prasad A, et al. International Expert Consensus Document on Takotsubo Syndrome (Part II): diagnostic workup, outcome, and management. Eur Heart J. 2018;39(22):2047–62.CrossRef
301.
go back to reference Scally C, Abbas H, Ahearn T, et al. Myocardial and systemic inflammation in acute stress-induced (Takotsubo) cardiomyopathy. Circulation. 2019;139(13):1581–92.CrossRef Scally C, Abbas H, Ahearn T, et al. Myocardial and systemic inflammation in acute stress-induced (Takotsubo) cardiomyopathy. Circulation. 2019;139(13):1581–92.CrossRef
302.
go back to reference Abdel-Aty H, Cocker M, Friedrich MG. Myocardial edema is a feature of Tako-Tsubo cardiomyopathy and is related to the severity of systolic dysfunction: insights from T2-weighted cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Int J Cardiol. 2009;132(2):291–3.CrossRef Abdel-Aty H, Cocker M, Friedrich MG. Myocardial edema is a feature of Tako-Tsubo cardiomyopathy and is related to the severity of systolic dysfunction: insights from T2-weighted cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Int J Cardiol. 2009;132(2):291–3.CrossRef
303.
go back to reference Eitel I, von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff F, Bernhardt P, et al. Clinical characteristics and cardiovascular magnetic resonance findings in stress (takotsubo) cardiomyopathy. JAMA. 2011;306(3):277–86.CrossRef Eitel I, von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff F, Bernhardt P, et al. Clinical characteristics and cardiovascular magnetic resonance findings in stress (takotsubo) cardiomyopathy. JAMA. 2011;306(3):277–86.CrossRef
304.
go back to reference Scally C, Rudd A, Mezincescu A, et al. Persistent long-term structural, functional, and metabolic changes after stress-induced (Takotsubo) cardiomyopathy. Circulation. 2018;137(10):1039–48.CrossRef Scally C, Rudd A, Mezincescu A, et al. Persistent long-term structural, functional, and metabolic changes after stress-induced (Takotsubo) cardiomyopathy. Circulation. 2018;137(10):1039–48.CrossRef
305.
go back to reference Cury RC, Abbara S, Sandoval LJ, Houser S, Brady TJ, Palacios IF. Images in cardiovascular medicine. Visualization of endomyocardial fibrosis by delayed-enhancement magnetic resonance imaging. Circulation. 2005;111(9):e115-117.CrossRef Cury RC, Abbara S, Sandoval LJ, Houser S, Brady TJ, Palacios IF. Images in cardiovascular medicine. Visualization of endomyocardial fibrosis by delayed-enhancement magnetic resonance imaging. Circulation. 2005;111(9):e115-117.CrossRef
306.
go back to reference Salemi VM, Rochitte CE, Shiozaki AA, et al. Late gadolinium enhancement magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and prognosis of endomyocardial fibrosis patients. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2011;4(3):304–11.CrossRef Salemi VM, Rochitte CE, Shiozaki AA, et al. Late gadolinium enhancement magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and prognosis of endomyocardial fibrosis patients. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2011;4(3):304–11.CrossRef
307.
go back to reference Alter P, Maisch B. Endomyocardial fibrosis in Churg-Strauss syndrome assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Int J Cardiol. 2006;108(1):112–3.CrossRef Alter P, Maisch B. Endomyocardial fibrosis in Churg-Strauss syndrome assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Int J Cardiol. 2006;108(1):112–3.CrossRef
308.
go back to reference Sechtem U, Higgins CB, Sommerhoff BA, Lipton MJ, Huycke EC. Magnetic resonance imaging of restrictive cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol. 1987;59(5):480–2.CrossRef Sechtem U, Higgins CB, Sommerhoff BA, Lipton MJ, Huycke EC. Magnetic resonance imaging of restrictive cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol. 1987;59(5):480–2.CrossRef
309.
go back to reference Muchtar E, Blauwet LA, Gertz MA. Restrictive cardiomyopathy: genetics, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and therapy. Circ Res. 2017;121(7):819–37.CrossRef Muchtar E, Blauwet LA, Gertz MA. Restrictive cardiomyopathy: genetics, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and therapy. Circ Res. 2017;121(7):819–37.CrossRef
310.
go back to reference Habib G, Bucciarelli-Ducci C, Caforio ALP, et al. Multimodality imaging in restrictive cardiomyopathies: an EACVI expert consensus document In collaboration with the “Working Group on myocardial and pericardial diseases” of the European Society of Cardiology Endorsed by The Indian Academy of Echocardiography. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017;18(10):1090–121.CrossRef Habib G, Bucciarelli-Ducci C, Caforio ALP, et al. Multimodality imaging in restrictive cardiomyopathies: an EACVI expert consensus document In collaboration with the “Working Group on myocardial and pericardial diseases” of the European Society of Cardiology Endorsed by The Indian Academy of Echocardiography. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017;18(10):1090–121.CrossRef
311.
go back to reference Pereira NL, Grogan M, Dec GW. Spectrum of restrictive and infiltrative cardiomyopathies: part 2 of a 2-part series. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;71(10):1149–66.CrossRef Pereira NL, Grogan M, Dec GW. Spectrum of restrictive and infiltrative cardiomyopathies: part 2 of a 2-part series. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;71(10):1149–66.CrossRef
312.
go back to reference Masui T, Finck S, Higgins CB. Constrictive pericarditis and restrictive cardiomyopathy: evaluation with MR imaging. Radiology. 1992;182(2):369–73.CrossRef Masui T, Finck S, Higgins CB. Constrictive pericarditis and restrictive cardiomyopathy: evaluation with MR imaging. Radiology. 1992;182(2):369–73.CrossRef
313.
go back to reference Francone M, Dymarkowski S, Kalantzi M, Bogaert J. Real-time cine MRI of ventricular septal motion: a novel approach to assess ventricular coupling. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2005;21(3):305–9.CrossRef Francone M, Dymarkowski S, Kalantzi M, Bogaert J. Real-time cine MRI of ventricular septal motion: a novel approach to assess ventricular coupling. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2005;21(3):305–9.CrossRef
314.
go back to reference Klein AL, Abbara S, Agler DA, et al. American Society of Echocardiography clinical recommendations for multimodality cardiovascular imaging of patients with pericardial disease: endorsed by the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance and Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2013;26(9):965–1012.CrossRef Klein AL, Abbara S, Agler DA, et al. American Society of Echocardiography clinical recommendations for multimodality cardiovascular imaging of patients with pericardial disease: endorsed by the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance and Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2013;26(9):965–1012.CrossRef
315.
go back to reference Bogaert J, Francone M. Pericardial disease: value of CT and MR imaging. Radiology. 2013;267(2):340–56.CrossRef Bogaert J, Francone M. Pericardial disease: value of CT and MR imaging. Radiology. 2013;267(2):340–56.CrossRef
316.
go back to reference Bogaert J, Meyns B, Dymarkowski S, Sinnaeve P, Meuris B. Calcified constrictive pericarditis: prevalence, distribution patterns, and relationship to the myocardium. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016;9(8):1013–4.CrossRef Bogaert J, Meyns B, Dymarkowski S, Sinnaeve P, Meuris B. Calcified constrictive pericarditis: prevalence, distribution patterns, and relationship to the myocardium. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016;9(8):1013–4.CrossRef
317.
go back to reference Francone M, Dymarkowski S, Kalantzi M, Rademakers FE, Bogaert J. Assessment of ventricular coupling with real-time cine MRI and its value to differentiate constrictive pericarditis from restrictive cardiomyopathy. Eur Radiol. 2006;16(4):944–51.CrossRef Francone M, Dymarkowski S, Kalantzi M, Rademakers FE, Bogaert J. Assessment of ventricular coupling with real-time cine MRI and its value to differentiate constrictive pericarditis from restrictive cardiomyopathy. Eur Radiol. 2006;16(4):944–51.CrossRef
318.
go back to reference Thavendiranathan P, Verhaert D, Walls MC, et al. Simultaneous right and left heart real-time, free-breathing CMR flow quantification identifies constrictive physiology. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2012;5(1):15–24.CrossRef Thavendiranathan P, Verhaert D, Walls MC, et al. Simultaneous right and left heart real-time, free-breathing CMR flow quantification identifies constrictive physiology. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2012;5(1):15–24.CrossRef
319.
go back to reference Bogaert J, Cruz I, Voigt JU, Sinnaeve P, Imazio M. Value of pericardial effusion as imaging biomarker in acute pericarditis, do we need to focus on more appropriate ones? Int J Cardiol. 2015;191:284–5.CrossRef Bogaert J, Cruz I, Voigt JU, Sinnaeve P, Imazio M. Value of pericardial effusion as imaging biomarker in acute pericarditis, do we need to focus on more appropriate ones? Int J Cardiol. 2015;191:284–5.CrossRef
320.
go back to reference Imazio M, Pivetta E, Palacio Restrepo S, et al. Usefulness of cardiac magnetic resonance for recurrent pericarditis. Am J Cardiol. 2020;125(1):146–51.CrossRef Imazio M, Pivetta E, Palacio Restrepo S, et al. Usefulness of cardiac magnetic resonance for recurrent pericarditis. Am J Cardiol. 2020;125(1):146–51.CrossRef
321.
go back to reference Taylor AM, Dymarkowski S, Verbeken EK, Bogaert J. Detection of pericardial inflammation with late-enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance imaging: initial results. Eur Radiol. 2006;16(3):569–74.CrossRef Taylor AM, Dymarkowski S, Verbeken EK, Bogaert J. Detection of pericardial inflammation with late-enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance imaging: initial results. Eur Radiol. 2006;16(3):569–74.CrossRef
322.
go back to reference Doulaptsis C, Goetschalckx K, Masci PG, Florian A, Janssens S, Bogaert J. Assessment of early post-infarction pericardial injury by CMR. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013;6(3):411–3.CrossRef Doulaptsis C, Goetschalckx K, Masci PG, Florian A, Janssens S, Bogaert J. Assessment of early post-infarction pericardial injury by CMR. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013;6(3):411–3.CrossRef
323.
go back to reference Garcia MJ. Constrictive pericarditis versus restrictive cardiomyopathy? J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;67(17):2061–76.CrossRef Garcia MJ. Constrictive pericarditis versus restrictive cardiomyopathy? J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;67(17):2061–76.CrossRef
324.
go back to reference Feng D, Glockner J, Kim K, et al. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging pericardial late gadolinium enhancement and elevated inflammatory markers can predict the reversibility of constrictive pericarditis after antiinflammatory medical therapy: a pilot study. Circulation. 2011;124(17):1830–7.CrossRef Feng D, Glockner J, Kim K, et al. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging pericardial late gadolinium enhancement and elevated inflammatory markers can predict the reversibility of constrictive pericarditis after antiinflammatory medical therapy: a pilot study. Circulation. 2011;124(17):1830–7.CrossRef
325.
go back to reference Zurick AO, Bolen MA, Kwon DH, et al. Pericardial delayed hyperenhancement with CMR imaging in patients with constrictive pericarditis undergoing surgical pericardiectomy: a case series with histopathological correlation. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2011;4(11):1180–91.CrossRef Zurick AO, Bolen MA, Kwon DH, et al. Pericardial delayed hyperenhancement with CMR imaging in patients with constrictive pericarditis undergoing surgical pericardiectomy: a case series with histopathological correlation. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2011;4(11):1180–91.CrossRef
326.
go back to reference Talreja DR, Edwards WD, Danielson GK, et al. Constrictive pericarditis in 26 patients with histologically normal pericardial thickness. Circulation. 2003;108(15):1852–7.CrossRef Talreja DR, Edwards WD, Danielson GK, et al. Constrictive pericarditis in 26 patients with histologically normal pericardial thickness. Circulation. 2003;108(15):1852–7.CrossRef
327.
go back to reference Moura-Ferreira S, Budts W, Bogaert J. Left pericardial congenital defect: the heart shows its moves at CMR. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017;18(11):1270.CrossRef Moura-Ferreira S, Budts W, Bogaert J. Left pericardial congenital defect: the heart shows its moves at CMR. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017;18(11):1270.CrossRef
328.
go back to reference Basso C, Rizzo S, Valente M, Thiene G. Cardiac masses and tumours. Heart. 2016;102(15):1230–45.CrossRef Basso C, Rizzo S, Valente M, Thiene G. Cardiac masses and tumours. Heart. 2016;102(15):1230–45.CrossRef
329.
go back to reference Roberts WC. Primary and secondary neoplasms of the heart. Am J Cardiol. 1997;80(5):671–82.CrossRef Roberts WC. Primary and secondary neoplasms of the heart. Am J Cardiol. 1997;80(5):671–82.CrossRef
330.
go back to reference Beroukhim RS, Prakash A, Buechel ER, et al. Characterization of cardiac tumors in children by cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging: a multicenter experience. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;58(10):1044–54.CrossRef Beroukhim RS, Prakash A, Buechel ER, et al. Characterization of cardiac tumors in children by cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging: a multicenter experience. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;58(10):1044–54.CrossRef
331.
go back to reference Ghadimi Mahani M, Lu JC, Rigsby CK, Krishnamurthy R, Dorfman AL, Agarwal PP. MRI of pediatric cardiac masses. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2014;202(5):971–981. Ghadimi Mahani M, Lu JC, Rigsby CK, Krishnamurthy R, Dorfman AL, Agarwal PP. MRI of pediatric cardiac masses. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2014;202(5):971–981.
332.
go back to reference Delbeke D, Coleman RE, Guiberteau MJ, et al. Procedure guideline for tumor imaging with 18F-FDG PET/CT 1.0. J Nucl Med. 2006;47(5):885–95. Delbeke D, Coleman RE, Guiberteau MJ, et al. Procedure guideline for tumor imaging with 18F-FDG PET/CT 1.0. J Nucl Med. 2006;47(5):885–95.
333.
go back to reference Motwani M, Kidambi A, Herzog BA, Uddin A, Greenwood JP, Plein S. MR imaging of cardiac tumors and masses: a review of methods and clinical applications. Radiology. 2013;268(1):26–43.CrossRef Motwani M, Kidambi A, Herzog BA, Uddin A, Greenwood JP, Plein S. MR imaging of cardiac tumors and masses: a review of methods and clinical applications. Radiology. 2013;268(1):26–43.CrossRef
334.
go back to reference Dawson D, Mohiaddin R. Assessment of pericardial diseases and cardiac masses with cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2011;54(3):305–19.CrossRef Dawson D, Mohiaddin R. Assessment of pericardial diseases and cardiac masses with cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2011;54(3):305–19.CrossRef
335.
go back to reference Raj V, Alpendurada F, Christmas T, Moat NE, Mohiaddin RH. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in assessment of intracaval and intracardiac extension of renal cell carcinoma. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2012;144(4):845–51.CrossRef Raj V, Alpendurada F, Christmas T, Moat NE, Mohiaddin RH. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in assessment of intracaval and intracardiac extension of renal cell carcinoma. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2012;144(4):845–51.CrossRef
336.
go back to reference Page M, Grasso AE, Carpenter JP, Sheppard MN, Karwatowski SP, Mohiaddin RH. Primary cardiac lymphoma: diagnosis and the impact of chemotherapy on cardiac structure and function. Can J Cardiol. 2016;32(7):931.CrossRef Page M, Grasso AE, Carpenter JP, Sheppard MN, Karwatowski SP, Mohiaddin RH. Primary cardiac lymphoma: diagnosis and the impact of chemotherapy on cardiac structure and function. Can J Cardiol. 2016;32(7):931.CrossRef
337.
go back to reference Deac MO, Sheppard MN, Moat N, Burke SJ, Christmas T, Mohiaddin RH. Images in cardiovascular medicine. From uterus to pulmonary embolus: an uncommon association. Circulation. 2009;120(3):e16-19.CrossRef Deac MO, Sheppard MN, Moat N, Burke SJ, Christmas T, Mohiaddin RH. Images in cardiovascular medicine. From uterus to pulmonary embolus: an uncommon association. Circulation. 2009;120(3):e16-19.CrossRef
338.
go back to reference Hernando D, Kellman P, Haldar JP, Liang ZP. Robust water/fat separation in the presence of large field inhomogeneities using a graph cut algorithm. Magn Reson Med. 2010;63(1):79–90. Hernando D, Kellman P, Haldar JP, Liang ZP. Robust water/fat separation in the presence of large field inhomogeneities using a graph cut algorithm. Magn Reson Med. 2010;63(1):79–90.
339.
go back to reference Deluigi CC, Meinhardt G, Ursulescu A, Klem I, Fritz P, Mahrholdt H. Images in cardiovascular medicine. Noninvasive characterization of left atrial mass. Circulation. 2006;113(2):19–20.CrossRef Deluigi CC, Meinhardt G, Ursulescu A, Klem I, Fritz P, Mahrholdt H. Images in cardiovascular medicine. Noninvasive characterization of left atrial mass. Circulation. 2006;113(2):19–20.CrossRef
340.
go back to reference Mollet NR, Dymarkowski S, Volders W, et al. Visualization of ventricular thrombi with contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in patients with ischemic heart disease. Circulation. 2002;106(23):2873–6.CrossRef Mollet NR, Dymarkowski S, Volders W, et al. Visualization of ventricular thrombi with contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in patients with ischemic heart disease. Circulation. 2002;106(23):2873–6.CrossRef
341.
go back to reference Weinsaft JW, Kim RJ, Ross M, et al. Contrast-enhanced anatomic imaging as compared to contrast-enhanced tissue characterization for detection of left ventricular thrombus. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2009;2(8):969–79.CrossRef Weinsaft JW, Kim RJ, Ross M, et al. Contrast-enhanced anatomic imaging as compared to contrast-enhanced tissue characterization for detection of left ventricular thrombus. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2009;2(8):969–79.CrossRef
342.
go back to reference Bogaert J, Dymarkowski S. Cardiac Masses. In: Clinical Cardiac MRI, editor. 2nd Edition. Berlin: Springer; 2012. p. 439–43. Bogaert J, Dymarkowski S. Cardiac Masses. In: Clinical Cardiac MRI, editor. 2nd Edition. Berlin: Springer; 2012. p. 439–43.
343.
go back to reference Saba SG, Bandettini PW, Shanbhag SM, Spottiswoode BS, Kellman P, Arai AE. Characterization of cardiac masses with T1 mapping. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2015;17(1):Q32.CrossRef Saba SG, Bandettini PW, Shanbhag SM, Spottiswoode BS, Kellman P, Arai AE. Characterization of cardiac masses with T1 mapping. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2015;17(1):Q32.CrossRef
344.
go back to reference Antoch G, Bockisch A. Combined PET/MRI: a new dimension in whole-body oncology imaging? Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2009;36(Suppl 1):S113-120.CrossRef Antoch G, Bockisch A. Combined PET/MRI: a new dimension in whole-body oncology imaging? Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2009;36(Suppl 1):S113-120.CrossRef
345.
go back to reference Kramer CM, Barkhausen J, Flamm SD, Kim RJ, Nagel E. Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Board of Trustees Task Force on Standardized P. Standardized cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) protocols 2013 update. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2013;15:91.CrossRef Kramer CM, Barkhausen J, Flamm SD, Kim RJ, Nagel E. Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Board of Trustees Task Force on Standardized P. Standardized cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) protocols 2013 update. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2013;15:91.CrossRef
346.
go back to reference Myerson SG, d’Arcy J, Mohiaddin R, et al. Aortic regurgitation quantification using cardiovascular magnetic resonance: association with clinical outcome. Circulation. 2012;126(12):1452–60.CrossRef Myerson SG, d’Arcy J, Mohiaddin R, et al. Aortic regurgitation quantification using cardiovascular magnetic resonance: association with clinical outcome. Circulation. 2012;126(12):1452–60.CrossRef
347.
go back to reference Myerson SG, d’Arcy J, Christiansen JP, et al. Determination of clinical outcome in mitral regurgitation with cardiovascular magnetic resonance quantification. Circulation. 2016;133(23):2287–96.CrossRef Myerson SG, d’Arcy J, Christiansen JP, et al. Determination of clinical outcome in mitral regurgitation with cardiovascular magnetic resonance quantification. Circulation. 2016;133(23):2287–96.CrossRef
348.
go back to reference Penicka M, Vecera J, Mirica DC, Kotrc M, Kockova R, Van Camp G. Prognostic implications of magnetic resonance-derived quantification in asymptomatic patients with organic mitral regurgitation: comparison with Doppler echocardiography-derived integrative approach. Circulation. 2018;137(13):1349–60.CrossRef Penicka M, Vecera J, Mirica DC, Kotrc M, Kockova R, Van Camp G. Prognostic implications of magnetic resonance-derived quantification in asymptomatic patients with organic mitral regurgitation: comparison with Doppler echocardiography-derived integrative approach. Circulation. 2018;137(13):1349–60.CrossRef
349.
go back to reference Uretsky S, Gillam L, Lang R, et al. Discordance between echocardiography and MRI in the assessment of mitral regurgitation severity: a prospective multicenter trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015;65(11):1078–88.CrossRef Uretsky S, Gillam L, Lang R, et al. Discordance between echocardiography and MRI in the assessment of mitral regurgitation severity: a prospective multicenter trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015;65(11):1078–88.CrossRef
350.
go back to reference Stork A, Franzen O, Ruschewski H, et al. Assessment of functional anatomy of the mitral valve in patients with mitral regurgitation with cine magnetic resonance imaging: comparison with transesophageal echocardiography and surgical results. Eur Radiol. 2007;17(12):3189–98.CrossRef Stork A, Franzen O, Ruschewski H, et al. Assessment of functional anatomy of the mitral valve in patients with mitral regurgitation with cine magnetic resonance imaging: comparison with transesophageal echocardiography and surgical results. Eur Radiol. 2007;17(12):3189–98.CrossRef
351.
go back to reference Buchner S, Debl K, Poschenrieder F, et al. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance for direct assessment of anatomic regurgitant orifice in mitral regurgitation. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2008;1(2):148–55.CrossRef Buchner S, Debl K, Poschenrieder F, et al. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance for direct assessment of anatomic regurgitant orifice in mitral regurgitation. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2008;1(2):148–55.CrossRef
352.
go back to reference Westermann Y, Geigenmuller A, Elgeti T, et al. Planimetry of the aortic valve orifice area: comparison of multislice spiral computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Eur J Radiol. 2011;77(3):426–35.CrossRef Westermann Y, Geigenmuller A, Elgeti T, et al. Planimetry of the aortic valve orifice area: comparison of multislice spiral computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Eur J Radiol. 2011;77(3):426–35.CrossRef
353.
go back to reference O’Brien KR, Cowan BR, Jain M, Stewart RA, Kerr AJ, Young AA. MRI phase contrast velocity and flow errors in turbulent stenotic jets. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2008;28(1):210–8.CrossRef O’Brien KR, Cowan BR, Jain M, Stewart RA, Kerr AJ, Young AA. MRI phase contrast velocity and flow errors in turbulent stenotic jets. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2008;28(1):210–8.CrossRef
354.
go back to reference Dweck MR, Joshi S, Murigu T, et al. Midwall fibrosis is an independent predictor of mortality in patients with aortic stenosis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;58(12):1271–9.CrossRef Dweck MR, Joshi S, Murigu T, et al. Midwall fibrosis is an independent predictor of mortality in patients with aortic stenosis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;58(12):1271–9.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
SCMR Position Paper (2020) on clinical indications for cardiovascular magnetic resonance
Authors
Tim Leiner
Jan Bogaert
Matthias G. Friedrich
Raad Mohiaddin
Vivek Muthurangu
Saul Myerson
Andrew J. Powell
Subha V. Raman
Dudley J. Pennell
Publication date
01-12-2020
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance / Issue 1/2020
Electronic ISSN: 1532-429X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12968-020-00682-4

Other articles of this Issue 1/2020

Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance 1/2020 Go to the issue