Top

Published in:

Open Access 01-12-2022 | Sarcopenia | Research article

Prevalence and associated factors of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults at risk of malnutrition

Authors: Samuel Teong Huang Chew, Siew Ling Tey, Menaka Yalawar, Zhongyuan Liu, Geraldine Baggs, Choon How How, Magdalin Cheong, Wai Leng Chow, Yen Ling Low, Dieu Thi Thu Huynh, Ngiap Chuan Tan

Published in: BMC Geriatrics | Issue 1/2022

Abstract

Background

There is an increasingly strong association between sarcopenia and malnutrition in research findings. We aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults (≥ 65 years) at risk of malnutrition based on Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST).

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study of 811 participants. Participants were recruited from the general population, community centers, senior activity centers, polyclinics, and hospital. Community-dwelling older adults at risk of malnutrition participated in the study. Participants’ data and measurements were collected at the baseline visit. Data included socio-demographic information, anthropometric measurements, body composition, dietary intakes, and functional assessments. Sarcopenia was defined using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 consensus.

Results

Of the 694 participants with complete datasets, overall prevalence of sarcopenia was 76% (n = 530); 57% (n = 393) had severe sarcopenia. In the overall cohort, compared to participants without sarcopenia, those with sarcopenia were older, had lower physical activity scale for the elderly score, leg strength, handgrip endurance, mid-upper arm circumference, calf circumference, and bone mass, and had lower dietary protein intake and poorer nutritional status (all p ≤ 0.015). After adjusting for confounders, sarcopenia was significantly associated with older age, male gender, higher risk of malnutrition, lower calf circumference, and lower bone mass (all p ≤ 0.044).

Conclusions

In community-dwelling older adults at risk of malnutrition, there is a high prevalence of sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia. As such, screening positive for either malnutrition risk or sarcopenia in older adults should prompt screening for the other risk factor, to allow early institution of disease modifying interventions to forestall adverse outcomes for both malnutrition and sarcopenia.

Trial registration

The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03245047.

United Nations. World population ageing 2019: highlights. Population Division: Department of Economic and Social Affairs; 2019.CrossRef

Chen L-K, Woo J, Assantachai P, Auyeung T-W, Chou M-Y, Iijima K, et al. Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia: 2019 consensus update on sarcopenia diagnosis and treatment. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2020;21(3):300–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2019.12.012.CrossRef

Chang HK, Lee JY, Gil CR, Kim MK. Prevalence of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults according to simplified algorithms for sarcopenia consensus based on Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. Clin Interv Aging. 2020;15:2291–9. https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S281131.CrossRef

Gao L, Jiang J, Yang M, Hao Q, Luo L, Dong B. Prevalence of sarcopenia and associated factors in Chinese community-dwelling elderly: comparison between rural and urban areas. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2015;16(11):1003.e1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2015.07.020.CrossRef

Shafiee G, Keshtkar A, Soltani A, Ahadi Z, Larijani B, Heshmat R. Prevalence of sarcopenia in the world: a systematic review and meta- analysis of general population studies. J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2017;16:21. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40200-017-0302-x.CrossRef

Shiota A, Nakayama N, Saito Y, Maeda T, Maeda Y, Nakayama K. Prevalence and associated factors of malnutrition and sarcopenia in a daycare facility: a cross-sectional study. Healthcare (Basel). 2020;8(4):576. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8040576.CrossRef

Yap SF, Boo NY, Pramod DS, Thaw Z, Liew SF, Woo LF, et al. Risk factors associated with sarcopenia among independently mobile, institutionalised older people in the Klang valley of Malaysia: a cross-sectional study. Malays J Med Sci. 2020;27(2):120–8. https://doi.org/10.21315/mjms2020.27.2.13.CrossRef

Chen X, Hou L, Zhang Y, Dong B. Analysis of the prevalence of sarcopenia and its risk factors in the elderly in the Chengdu community. J Nutr Health Aging. 2021;25(5):600–5. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-020-1559-1.CrossRef

Khongsri N, Tongsuntud S, Limampai P, Kuptniratsaikul V. The prevalence of sarcopenia and related factors in a community-dwelling elders Thai population. Osteoporos Sarcopenia. 2016;2(2):110–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.afos.2016.05.001.CrossRef

10.

Keng BMH, Gao F, Teo LLY, Lim WS, Tan RS, Ruan W, et al. Associations between skeletal muscle and myocardium in aging: a syndrome of “cardio-sarcopenia”? J Am Geriatr Soc. 2019;67(12):2568–73. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.16132.CrossRef

11.

Lu Y, Karagounis LG, Ng TP, Carre C, Narang V, Wong G, et al. Systemic and metabolic signature of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2020;75(2):309–17. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glz001.CrossRef

12.

Pang BWJ, Wee S-L, Lau LK, Jabbar KA, Seah WT, Ng DHM, et al. Prevalence and associated factors of sarcopenia in Singaporean adults - the Yishun study. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2021;22(4):885.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2020.05.029.CrossRef

13.

Therakomen V, Petchlorlian A, Lakananurak N. Prevalence and risk factors of primary sarcopenia in community-dwelling outpatient elderly: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):19551. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-75250-y.CrossRef

14.

Nasimi N, Dabbaghmanesh MH, Sohrabi Z. Nutritional status and body fat mass: determinants of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. Exp Gerontol. 2019;122:67–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2019.04.009.CrossRef

15.

Kim H, Suzuki T, Kim M, Kojima N, Yoshida Y, Hirano H, et al. Incidence and predictors of sarcopenia onset in community-dwelling elderly Japanese women: 4-year follow-up study. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2015;16(1):85.e1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2014.10.006.CrossRef

16.

Cheng Q, Zhu X, Zhang X, Li H, Du Y, Hong W, et al. A cross-sectional study of loss of muscle mass corresponding to sarcopenia in healthy Chinese men and women: reference values, prevalence, and association with bone mass. J Bone Miner Metab. 2014;32(1):78–88. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00774-013-0468-3.CrossRef

17.

Intriago M, Maldonado G, Guerrero R, Messina OD, Rios C. Bone mass loss and sarcopenia in Ecuadorian patients. Journal of Aging Research. 2020;2020:1072675. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/1072675.CrossRef

18.

Chung SM, Moon JS, Chang MC. Prevalence of sarcopenia and its association with diabetes: a meta-analysis of community-dwelling Asian population. Front Med (Lausanne). 2021;8:681232. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.681232.CrossRef

19.

Han P, Kang L, Guo Q, Wang J, Zhang W, Shen S, et al. Prevalence and factors associated with sarcopenia in suburb-dwelling older Chinese using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia definition. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2016;71(4):529–35. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glv108.CrossRef

20.

Nguyen TN, Nguyen TN, Nguyen AT, Nguyen TX, Nguyen HTT, Nguyen TTH, et al. Prevalence of sarcopenia and its associated factors in patients attending geriatric clinics in Vietnam: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. 2020;10(9):e037630. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037630.CrossRef

21.

Liu X, Hou L, Xia X, Liu Y, Zuo Z, Zhang Y, et al. Prevalence of sarcopenia in multi ethnics adults and the association with cognitive impairment: findings from West-China health and aging trend study. BMC Geriatr. 2020;20(1):63. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-020-1468-5.CrossRef

22.

Wei K, Nyunt MS, Gao Q, Wee SL, Yap KB, Ng TP. Association of frailty and malnutrition with long-term functional and mortality outcomes among community-dwelling older adults: results from the Singapore longitudinal aging study 1. JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(3):e180650. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.0650.CrossRef

23.

Trevisan C, Crippa A, Ek S, Welmer AK, Sergi G, Maggi S, et al. Nutritional status, body mass index, and the risk of falls in community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2019;20(5):569–82 e7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2018.10.027.CrossRef

24.

Wei K, Nyunt MSZ, Gao Q, Wee SL, Ng TP. Long-term changes in nutritional status are associated with functional and mortality outcomes among community-living older adults. Nutrition. 2019;66:180–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2019.05.006.CrossRef

25.

Agarwal E, Miller M, Yaxley A, Isenring E. Malnutrition in the elderly: a narrative review. Maturitas. 2013;76(4):296–302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2013.07.013.CrossRef

26.

Soderstrom L, Rosenblad A, Thors Adolfsson E, Bergkvist L. Malnutrition is associated with increased mortality in older adults regardless of the cause of death. Br J Nutr. 2017;117(4):532–40. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114517000435.CrossRef

27.

Yeung SSY, Chan RSM, Kwok T, Lee JSW, Woo J. Malnutrition according to GLIM criteria and adverse outcomes in community-dwelling Chinese older adults: a prospective analysis. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2021;22(9):1953–9.e4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2020.09.029.CrossRef

28.

Beaudart C, Sanchez-Rodriguez D, Locquet M, Reginster J-Y, Lengelé L, Bruyère O. Malnutrition as a strong predictor of the onset of sarcopenia. Nutrients. 2019;11(12):2883. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11122883.CrossRef

29.

Sato PHR, Ferreira AA, Rosado EL. The prevalence and risk factors for sarcopenia in older adults and long-living older adults. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2020;89:104089. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2020.104089.CrossRef

30.

Chew STH, Kayambu G, Lew CCH, Ng TP, Ong F, Tan J, et al. Singapore multidisciplinary consensus recommendations on muscle health in older adults: assessment and multimodal targeted intervention across the continuum of care. BMC Geriatr. 2021;21(1):314. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-021-02240-8.CrossRef

31.

Chew STH, Tan NC, Cheong M, Oliver J, Baggs G, Choe Y, et al. Impact of specialized oral nutritional supplement on clinical, nutritional, and functional outcomes: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial in community-dwelling older adults at risk of malnutrition. Clin Nutr. 2021;40(4):1879–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2020.10.015.CrossRef

32.

Stratton RJ, Hackston A, Longmore D, Dixon R, Price S, Stroud M, et al. Malnutrition in hospital outpatients and inpatients: prevalence, concurrent validity and ease of use of the 'Malnutrition universal screening Tool' ('MUST') for adults. Br J Nutr. 2004;92(5):799–808. https://doi.org/10.1079/bjn20041258.CrossRef

33.

Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, MacKenzie CR. A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J Chronic Dis. 1987;40(5):373–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9681(87)90171-8.CrossRef

34.

Washburn RA, Smith KW, Jette AM, Janney CA. The physical activity scale for the elderly (PASE): development and evaluation. J Clin Epidemiol. 1993;46(2):153–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/0895-4356(93)90053-4.CrossRef

35.

Shah S, Vanclay F, Cooper B. Improving the sensitivity of the Barthel index for stroke rehabilitation. J Clin Epidemiol. 1989;42(8):703–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/0895-4356(89)90065-6.CrossRef

36.

Guralnik JM, Simonsick EM, Ferrucci L, Glynn RJ, Berkman LF, Blazer DG, et al. A short physical performance battery assessing lower extremity function: association with self-reported disability and prediction of mortality and nursing home admission. J Gerontol. 1994;49(2):M85–94. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/49.2.m85.CrossRef

37.

Nishimura T, Arima K, Okabe T, Mizukami S, Tomita Y, Kanagae M, et al. Usefulness of chair stand time as a surrogate of gait speed in diagnosing sarcopenia. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2017;17(4):659–61. https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.12766.CrossRef

38.

Kirk B, Zanker J, Bani Hassan E, Bird S, Brennan-Olsen S, Duque G. Sarcopenia definitions and outcomes consortium (SDOC) criteria are strongly associated with malnutrition, depression, falls, and fractures in high-risk older persons. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2021;22(4):741–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2020.06.050.CrossRef

39.

Kitamura A, Seino S, Abe T, Nofuji Y, Yokoyama Y, Amano H, et al. Sarcopenia: prevalence, associated factors, and the risk of mortality and disability in Japanese older adults. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2021;12(1):30–8. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12651.CrossRef

40.

Mo YH, Zhong J, Dong X, Su YD, Deng WY, Yao XM, et al. Comparison of three screening methods for sarcopenia in community-dwelling older persons. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2021;22(4):746–50 e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2020.05.041.CrossRef

41.

Chen L-K, Arai H, Assantachai P, Akishita M, Chew STH, Dumlao LC, et al. Roles of nutrition in muscle health of community-dwelling older adults: evidence-based expert consensus from Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2022;13(3):1653–72. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12981.CrossRef

42.

Prado CM, Landi F, Chew STH, Atherton PJ, Molinger J, Ruck T, et al. Advances in muscle health and nutrition: a toolkit for healthcare professionals. Clin Nutr. 2022;41(10):2244–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2022.07.041.CrossRef

43.

Volkert D, Beck AM, Cederholm T, Cruz-Jentoft A, Hooper L, Kiesswetter E, et al. ESPEN practical guideline: clinical nutrition and hydration in geriatrics. Clin Nutr. 2022;41(4):958–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2022.01.024.CrossRef

44.

Kim M, Kim J, Won CW. Association between involuntary weight loss with low muscle mass and health-related quality of life in community-dwelling older adults: Nationwide surveys (KNHANES 2008-2011). Exp Gerontol. 2018;106:39–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2018.02.027.CrossRef

45.

Tey SL, Huynh DTT, Berde Y, Baggs G, How CH, Low YL, et al. Prevalence of low muscle mass and associated factors in community-dwelling older adults in Singapore. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):23071. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02274-3.CrossRef

46.

Xu H-q, Shi J-p, Shen C, Liu Y, Liu J-M, Zheng X-y. Sarcopenia-related features and factors associated with low muscle mass, weak muscle strength, and reduced function in Chinese rural residents: a cross-sectional study. Arch Osteoporos. 2019;14(1):2. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-018-0545-2.CrossRef

47.

Zhang Y, Chen X, Hou L, Lin X, Qin D, Wang H, et al. Prevalence and risk factors governing the loss of muscle function in elderly sarcopenia patients: a longitudinal study in China with 4 years of follow-up. J Nutr Health Aging. 2020;24(5):518–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-020-1361-0.CrossRef

48.

Petermann-Rocha F, Balntzi V, Gray SR, Lara J, Ho FK, Pell JP, et al. Global prevalence of sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2022;13(1):86–99. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12783.CrossRef

49.

von Haehling S, Morley JE, Anker SD. An overview of sarcopenia: facts and numbers on prevalence and clinical impact. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2010;1(2):129–33. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13539-010-0014-2.CrossRef

50.

Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Landi F, Schneider SM, Zuniga C, Arai H, Boirie Y, et al. Prevalence of and interventions for sarcopenia in ageing adults: a systematic review. Report of the international sarcopenia initiative (EWGSOP and IWGS). Age Ageing. 2014;43(6):748–59. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afu115.CrossRef

51.

Darroch P, O’Brien WJ, Mazahery H, Wham C. Sarcopenia prevalence and risk factors among residents in aged care. Nutrients. 2022;14(9):1837. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14091837.CrossRef

52.

Chen L-K, Liu L-K, Woo J, Assantachai P, Auyeung T-W, Bahyah KS, et al. Sarcopenia in Asia: consensus report of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2014;15(2):95–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2013.11.025.CrossRef

53.

Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Sayer AA, Schneider SM, Sieber CC, Topinkova E, Vandewoude M, et al. Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis. Age Ageing. 2019;48(1):16–31. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afy169.CrossRef

54.

Ge S, Du Q, Feng X, Liu Y, Wang H, Hai S, et al. Optimal cutoffs for the diagnosis of sarcopenia in older Chinese adults. Frontiers in Nutrition. 2022;9:853323. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.853323.CrossRef

55.

Demling RH. Nutrition, anabolism, and the wound healing process: an overview. Eplasty. 2009;9:e9.

56.

Dzik KP, Kaczor JJ. Mechanisms of vitamin D on skeletal muscle function: oxidative stress, energy metabolism and anabolic state. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2019;119(4):825–39. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-019-04104-x.CrossRef

57.

Chae SA, Kim H-S, Lee JH, Yun DH, Chon J, Yoo MC, et al. Impact of vitamin B12 insufficiency on sarcopenia in community-dwelling older Korean adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(23):12433. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312433.CrossRef

58.

Fried LP, Tangen CM, Walston J, Newman AB, Hirsch C, Gottdiener J, et al. Frailty in older adults: evidence for a phenotype. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2001;56(3):M146–M57. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/56.3.M146.CrossRef

59.

Landi F, Camprubi-Robles M, Bear DE, Cederholm T, Malafarina V, Welch AA, et al. Muscle loss: the new malnutrition challenge in clinical practice. Clin Nutr. 2019;38(5):2113–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2018.11.021.CrossRef

60.

Vandewoude MFJ, Alish CJ, Sauer AC, Hegazi RA. Malnutrition-sarcopenia syndrome: is this the future of nutrition screening and assessment for older adults? J Aging Res. 2012;2012:8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/651570.CrossRef

61.

Woo J. Nutritional interventions in sarcopenia: where do we stand? Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2018;21(1):19–23. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCO.0000000000000432.CrossRef

62.

Tan VMH, Pang BWJ, Lau LK, Jabbar KA, Seah WT, Chen KK, et al. Malnutrition and sarcopenia in community-dwelling adults in Singapore: Yishun health study. J Nutr Health Aging. 2021;25(3):374–81. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-020-1542-x.CrossRef

63.

Shaw SC, Dennison EM, Cooper C. Epidemiology of sarcopenia: determinants throughout the lifecourse. Calcif Tissue Int. 2017;101(3):229–47. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-017-0277-0.CrossRef

64.

Du Y, Wang X, Xie H, Zheng S, Wu X, Zhu X, et al. Sex differences in the prevalence and adverse outcomes of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in community dwelling elderly in East China using the AWGS criteria. BMC Endocr Disord. 2019;19(1):109. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-019-0432-x.CrossRef

65.

Lima RM, de Oliveira RJ, Raposo R, Neri SGR, Gadelha AB. Stages of sarcopenia, bone mineral density, and the prevalence of osteoporosis in older women. Arch Osteoporos. 2019;14(1):38. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-019-0591-4.CrossRef

66.

Laskou F, Dennison E. Interaction of nutrition and exercise on bone and muscle. Eur Endocrinol. 2019;15(1):11–2. https://doi.org/10.17925/EE.2019.15.1.11.CrossRef

67.

Bauer J, Morley JE, Schols AMWJ, Ferrucci L, Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Dent E, et al. Sarcopenia: a time for action. An SCWD position paper J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2019;10(5):956–61. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12483.CrossRef

68.

Dent E, Morley JE, Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Arai H, Kritchevsky SB, Guralnik J, et al. International clinical practice guidelines for sarcopenia (ICFSR): screening, diagnosis and management. J Nutr Health Aging. 2018;22(10):1148–61. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-018-1139-9.CrossRef

69.

Fagundes Belchior G, Kirk B, Pereira da Silva EA, Duque G. Osteosarcopenia: beyond age-related muscle and bone loss. Eur Geriatr Med. 2020;11(5):715–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41999-020-00355-6.CrossRef

70.

Gielen E, Beckwee D, Delaere A, De Breucker S, Vandewoude M, Bautmans I, et al. Nutritional interventions to improve muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in older people: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Nutr Rev. 2021;79(2):121–47. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaa011.CrossRef

71.

Izquierdo M, Merchant RA, Morley JE, Anker SD, Aprahamian I, Arai H, et al. International exercise recommendations in older adults (ICFSR): expert consensus guidelines. J Nutr Health Aging. 2021;25(7):824–53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-021-1665-8.CrossRef

72.

Skipper A, Coltman A, Tomesko J, Charney P, Porcari J, Piemonte TA, et al. Adult malnutrition (undernutrition) screening: an evidence analysis center systematic review. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2020;120(4):669–708. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2019.09.010.CrossRef

73.

Sergi G, De Rui M, Stubbs B, Veronese N, Manzato E. Measurement of lean body mass using bioelectrical impedance analysis: a consideration of the pros and cons. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2017;29(4):591–7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-016-0622-6.CrossRef

74.

Yamada Y, Nishizawa M, Uchiyama T, Kasahara Y, Shindo M, Miyachi M, et al. Developing and validating an age-independent equation using multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis for estimation of appendicular skeletal muscle mass and establishing a cutoff for sarcopenia. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017;14(7):809. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14070809.CrossRef

75.

Buckinx F, Landi F, Cesari M, Fielding RA, Visser M, Engelke K, et al. Pitfalls in the measurement of muscle mass: a need for a reference standard. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2018;9(2):269–78. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12268.CrossRef

76.

Fung FY, Koh YLE, Malhotra R, Ostbye T, Lee PY, Shariff Ghazali S, et al. Prevalence of and factors associated with sarcopenia among multi-ethnic ambulatory older Asians with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a primary care setting. BMC Geriatr. 2019;19(1):122. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-019-1137-8.CrossRef

77.

Lardiés-Sánchez B, Sanz-Paris A, Boj-Carceller D, Cruz-Jentoft AJ. Systematic review: prevalence of sarcopenia in ageing people using bioelectrical impedance analysis to assess muscle mass. Eur Geriatr Med. 2016;7(3):256–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurger.2016.01.014.CrossRef

Title: Prevalence and associated factors of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults at risk of malnutrition
Authors: Samuel Teong Huang Chew
Siew Ling Tey
Menaka Yalawar
Zhongyuan Liu
Geraldine Baggs
Choon How How
Magdalin Cheong
Wai Leng Chow
Yen Ling Low
Dieu Thi Thu Huynh
Ngiap Chuan Tan
Publication date: 01-12-2022
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keywords: Sarcopenia
Malnutrition
Published in: BMC Geriatrics / Issue 1/2022
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2318
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-022-03704-1

Live Webinar | 27-06-2024 | 18:00 (CEST)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Reserve your place

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

WHO estimates that half of all patients worldwide are non-adherent to their prescribed medication. The consequences of poor adherence can be catastrophic, on both the individual and population level.

Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.

Prof. Kevin Dolgin

Prof. Florian Limbourg

Prof. Anoop Chauhan

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Trial registration

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 1/2022

Patterns of social relationships among community-dwelling older adults in Japan: latent class analysis

Effectiveness of workshops to teach a home-based exercise program (BEST at Home) for preventing falls in community-dwelling people aged 65 years and over: a pragmatic randomised controlled trial

Prevalence of sensory impairments in home care and long-term care using interRAI data from across Canada

Elicitation of quantitative, choice-based preferences for Person-Centered Care among People living with Dementia in comparison to physicians’ judgements in Germany: study protocol for the mixed-methods PreDemCare-study

Prevalence and associated factors of possible sarcopenia and sarcopenia: findings from a Chinese community-dwelling old adults cross-sectional study

Differential associations between simple physical performance tests with global and specific cognitive functions in cognitively normal and mild cognitive impairment: a cross-sectional cohort study of Asian community-dwelling older adults

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

At a glance: The STEP trials