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Current Infectious Disease Reports
Published in: Current Infectious Disease Reports 2/2015

Open Access 01-02-2015 | Intra-abdominal Infections, Hepatitis, and Gastroenteritis (T Steiner, Section Editor)

Role of Novel Retroviruses in Chronic Liver Disease: Assessing the Link of Human Betaretrovirus with Primary Biliary Cirrhosis

Authors: David Sharon, Andrew L. Mason

Published in: Current Infectious Disease Reports | Issue 2/2015

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Abstract

A human betaretrovirus resembling mouse mammary tumor virus has been characterized in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. The agent triggers a disease-specific phenotype in vitro with aberrant cell-surface expression of mitochondrial antigens. The presentation of a usually sequestered self-protein is thought to lead to the loss of tolerance and the production of anti-mitochondrial antibodies associated with the disease. Similar observations have been made in mouse models, where mouse mammary tumor virus infection has been linked with the development of cholangitis and production of anti-mitochondrial antibodies. The use of combination antiretroviral therapy has been shown to impact on histological and biochemical disease in mouse models of autoimmune biliary disease and in clinical trials of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. However, the HIV protease inhibitors are not well tolerated in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis, and more efficacious regimens will be required to clearly link reduction of viral load with improvement of cholangitis.
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Metadata
Title
Role of Novel Retroviruses in Chronic Liver Disease: Assessing the Link of Human Betaretrovirus with Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
Authors
David Sharon
Andrew L. Mason
Publication date
01-02-2015
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Infectious Disease Reports / Issue 2/2015
Print ISSN: 1523-3847
Electronic ISSN: 1534-3146
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11908-014-0460-7

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