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Inflammation Research
Published in: Inflammation Research 1/2015

01-01-2015 | Review

Role of farnesoid X receptor in inflammation and resolution

Authors: Firdose Begum Shaik, Durbaka V. R. Prasad, Venkata Ramireddy Narala

Published in: Inflammation Research | Issue 1/2015

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Abstract

Objective

The aim of this paper is to review the developments of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) biology, its ligands, and various functions, in particular we discuss the anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic role in chronic inflammatory diseases.

Introduction

FXR is a ligand-dependent transcription factor belonging to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. The accrued data have shown that the FXR plays important roles not only in bile acid, lipid metabolism, and carbohydrate homeostasis, but also in inflammatory responses. The anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects of FXR on chronic inflammatory diseases are not well documented.

Methods

A literature survey was performed using PubMed database search to gather complete information regarding FXR and its role in inflammation.

Results and discussion

FXR is highly expressed in liver, intestine, kidney and adrenals, but with lower expression in fat tissue, heart and recently it has been found to express in lungs too. Primary bile acids, cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid are the natural endogenous ligands for FXR. GW4064 and 6α-ethyl-chenodeoxycholic acid are the synthetic high-affinity agonists. An exhaustive literature survey revealed that FXR acts as a key metabolic regulator and potential drug target for many metabolic syndromes that include chronic inflammatory diseases.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Role of farnesoid X receptor in inflammation and resolution
Authors
Firdose Begum Shaik
Durbaka V. R. Prasad
Venkata Ramireddy Narala
Publication date
01-01-2015
Publisher
Springer Basel
Published in
Inflammation Research / Issue 1/2015
Print ISSN: 1023-3830
Electronic ISSN: 1420-908X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-014-0780-y

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