Published in:
01-08-2017 | Original Article
Risk Factors for Vitamin D Deficiency and Impact of Repletion in a Tertiary Care Inflammatory Bowel Disease Population
Published in: Digestive Diseases and Sciences | Issue 8/2017
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Introduction
Many patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are vitamin D deficient. The purpose of our study was to identify risk factors for vitamin D deficiency in IBD and to assess the impact of vitamin D repletion on disease activity and quality of life (QOL).
Methods
Patients with at least one 25-OH vitamin D level measured between 2004 and 2011 were included. Patients with a level <30 ng/ml at baseline were followed until the time of repletion. QOL and disease activity scores were measured at baseline and repletion.
Results
A total of 255 patients were identified. 33, 29, and 39% had a vitamin D level of ≥30, 20–29, and <20 ng/ml, respectively. When adjusting for disease type and duration, gender, smoking, and race, non-Caucasians had 5.3 (2.3–12.3) and UC patients had a 0.59 (0.33–1.03) odds of having a vitamin D <30 ng/ml. Women were 1.7 times more likely to have a 25-OH vitamin D level <20 ng/ml than men. 55 patients underwent repletion. In CD patients, the HBI and SIBDQ prior to repletion was 5.5 ± 4.9 and 44.3 ± 16.4, respectively; these improved to 3.6 ± 3.4 and 48.6 ± 14.2 after repletion (p = 0.0154 and p = 0.0684).
Conclusions
In this tertiary care IBD cohort, the majority of patients have low vitamin D levels. Non-Caucasian race and female gender are associated with low vitamin D. UC was associated with lower risk of vitamin D insufficiency. In CD, vitamin D repletion is associated with decreased disease activity and increased QOL.