Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

LIVE: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)
Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery
Published in: Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery 1/2024

Open Access 01-12-2024 | Pulmonary Nodule | Research

Decreased levels of sex hormones in females with solitary pulmonary nodules were risk factors for malignancy

Published in: Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery | Issue 1/2024

Login to get access

Abstract

Objective

The purpose of this research was to detect the relationship between the levels of sex hormones in females with solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) and their potential malignancies.

Methods

A total of 187 consecutive patients with pathologically confirmed SPNs by chest CT were enrolled in our study. They were divided into two groups based on the pathologic findings of SPNs after surgery: benign and malignant SPNs. Progesterone (P), estradiol (E2), and testosterone (T) levels in the two groups were measured. Meanwhile, we used binary logistic regression analysis to analyze the risk factors for SPNs.

Results

Of these 187 patients, 73 had benign SPNs, while 114 had malignant SPNs. We found that the levels of progesterone (P), estradiol (E2), and testosterone (T) were decreased significantly in patients with malignant SPNs compared to patients with benign SPNs (all P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that second-hand smoke, burr sign, lobulation sign, pleural traction sign, vascular convergence sign, vacuole sign, and ≥ 1 cm nodules were independent risk factors for malignant pulmonary nodules in females.

Conclusions

Decreased levels of sex hormones in females were associated with malignant pulmonary nodules, suggesting that they can contribute to the diagnosis of lung cancer.
Literature
1. Schabath MB, Cote ML. Cancer Progress and Priorities: Lung Cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2019;28(10):1563–1579.
2. Romaszko AM, Doboszyńska A. Multiple primary lung cancer: A literature review. Adv Clin Exp Med. 2018;27(5):725–730.
3. Alexander M, Kim SY, Cheng H. Update 2020: Management of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Lung. 2020;198(6):897–907.
4. Jonna S, Subramaniam DS. Molecular diagnostics and targeted therapies in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): an update. Discov Med. 2019;27(148):167–170.
5. Stapelfeld C, Dammann C, Maser E. Sex-specificity in lung cancer risk. Int J Cancer. 2020 ;146(9):2376–2382.
6. Groheux D, Quere G, Blanc E, et al. FDG PET-CT for solitary pulmonary nodule and lung cancer: Literature review. Diagn Interv Imaging. 2016;97(10):1003–1017.
7. Mohamed FEZA, Abdelaziz AO, Kasem AH, et al. Thyroid hormone receptor α1 acts as a new squamous cell lung cancer diagnostic marker and poor prognosis predictor. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):7944.
8. Fuentes N, Silva Rodriguez M, Silveyra P. Role of sex hormones in lung cancer. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2021;246(19):2098–2110.
9. Silveyra P, Fuentes N, Rodriguez Bauza DE. Sex and Gender Differences in Lung Disease. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2021;1304:227–258.
10. Liu H, Chen R, Tong C, et al. MRI versus CT for the detection of pulmonary nodules: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2021 Oct 22;100(42):e27270.
11. Mao Y, Yang D, He J, et al. Epidemiology of Lung Cancer. Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2016 ;25(3):439 − 45.
12. Hirsch FR, Scagliotti GV, Mulshine JL, et al. Lung cancer: current therapies and new targeted treatments. Lancet. 2017;389(10066):299–311.
13. Godoy MCB, Odisio EGLC, Truong MT,et al. Pulmonary Nodule Management in Lung Cancer Screening: A Pictorial Review of Lung-RADS Version 1.0. Radiol Clin North Am. 2018 ;56(3):353–363.
14. Mederos N, Friedlaender A, Peters S, et al. Gender-specific aspects of epidemiology, molecular genetics and outcome: lung cancer. ESMO Open. 2020;5(Suppl 4):e000796.
15. Liu A, Wang Z, Yang Y, et al. Preoperative diagnosis of malignant pulmonary nodules in lung cancer screening with a radiomics nomogram. Cancer Commun (Lond). 2020 ;40(1):16–24.
16. Li J, Xia T, Yang X, et al. Malignant solitary pulmonary nodules: assessment of mass growth rate and doubling time at follow-up CT. J Thorac Dis. 2018 ;10(Suppl 7):S797-S806.
17. Jonna S, Subramaniam DS. Molecular diagnostics and targeted therapies in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): an update. Discov Med. 2019;27(148):167–170.
18. Wang M, Herbst RS, Boshoff C. Toward personalized treatment approaches for non-small cell lung cancer. Nat Med. 2021;27(8):1345–1356.
19. Jiang B, Li N, Shi X, et al. Deep Learning Reconstruction Shows Better Lung Nodule Detection for Ultra-Low-Dose Chest CT. Radiology. 2022;303(1):202–212.
20. Gierada DS, Black WC, Chiles C, et al. Low-Dose CT Screening for Lung Cancer: Evidence from 2 Decades of Study. Radiol Imaging Cancer. 2020;2(2):e190058.
21. Heuvelmans MA, Oudkerk M. Appropriate screening intervals in low-dose CT lung cancer screening. Transl Lung Cancer Res. 2018;7(3):281–287.
22. Heidinger BH, Nemec U, Anderson KR, et al. “Rounding” the Size of Pulmonary Nodules: Impact of Rounding Methods on Nodule Management, as Defined by the 2017 Fleischner Society Guidelines. Acad Radiol. 2017;24(11):1422–1427.
23. Shi CZ, Zhao Q, Luo LP, et al. Size of solitary pulmonary nodule was the risk factor for malignancy. J Thorac Dis. 2014;6(6):668 − 76.
24. Rivera GA, Wakelee H. Lung Cancer in Never Smokers. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2016;893:43–57.
25. Thandra KC, Barsouk A, Saginala K, et al. Epidemiology of lung cancer. Contemp Oncol (Pozn). 2021;25(1):45–52.
26. Han YY, Forno E, Witchel SF,et al. Testosterone-to-estradiol ratio and lung function in a prospective study of Puerto Rican youth. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2021;127(2):236–242.e1.
27. Siegfried JM. Smoking out reproductive hormone actions in lung cancer. Mol Cancer Res. 2014;12(1):24–31.
28. Stapelfeld C, Maser E. Sex hormones reduce NNK detoxification through inhibition of short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases and aldo-keto reductases in vitro. Chem Biol Interact. 2017;276:167–173.
Metadata
Title
Decreased levels of sex hormones in females with solitary pulmonary nodules were risk factors for malignancy
Publication date
01-12-2024
Published in
Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery / Issue 1/2024
Electronic ISSN: 1749-8090
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13019-024-02609-x

Other articles of this Issue 1/2024

Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery 1/2024 Go to the issue

Case Report

Complete resection of a giant intrapericardial cardiac synovial sarcoma

Case Report

Endovascular repair with a physician-modified fenestrated endograft to treat abdominal aortic pseudoaneurysm with Behcet’s disease: a case report

Research

Robotic portal resection for mediastinal tumours: a prospective observational study

Review

A guide for temporary pacing following cardiac surgery

Case Report

Surgeon-modified fenestrated endovascular grafts and thoracoscope-assisted fixation for treatment of thoraco-abdominal aortic aneurysms

Research

Effectiveness of pleurodesis for postoperative air leaks after lung resection