Prognostic value of plasma DPP4 activity in ST-elevation myocardial infarction

go back to reference Klemann C, Wagner L, Stephan M, von Horsten S. Cut to the chase: a review of CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase-4’s (DPP4) entanglement in the immune system. Clin Exp Immunol. 2016;185(1):1–21.CrossRefPubMed Klemann C, Wagner L, Stephan M, von Horsten S. Cut to the chase: a review of CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase-4’s (DPP4) entanglement in the immune system. Clin Exp Immunol. 2016;185(1):1–21.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Zhong J, Maiseyeu A, Davis SN, Rajagopalan S. DPP4 in cardiometabolic disease: recent insights from the laboratory and clinical trials of DPP4 inhibition. Circ Res. 2015;116(8):1491–504.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Zhong J, Maiseyeu A, Davis SN, Rajagopalan S. DPP4 in cardiometabolic disease: recent insights from the laboratory and clinical trials of DPP4 inhibition. Circ Res. 2015;116(8):1491–504.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Scirica BM, Bhatt DL, Braunwald E, Steg PG, Davidson J, Hirshberg B, Ohman P, Frederich R, Wiviott SD, Hoffman EB, et al. Saxagliptin and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med. 2013;369(14):1317–26.CrossRefPubMed Scirica BM, Bhatt DL, Braunwald E, Steg PG, Davidson J, Hirshberg B, Ohman P, Frederich R, Wiviott SD, Hoffman EB, et al. Saxagliptin and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med. 2013;369(14):1317–26.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Fadini GP, Avogaro A, Degli Esposti L, Russo P, Saragoni S, Buda S, Rosano G, Pecorelli S, Pani L. Risk of hospitalization for heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes newly treated with DPP-4 inhibitors or other oral glucose-lowering medications: a retrospective registry study on 127,555 patients from the Nationwide OsMed Health-DB Database. Eur Heart J. 2015;36(36):2454–62.CrossRefPubMed Fadini GP, Avogaro A, Degli Esposti L, Russo P, Saragoni S, Buda S, Rosano G, Pecorelli S, Pani L. Risk of hospitalization for heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes newly treated with DPP-4 inhibitors or other oral glucose-lowering medications: a retrospective registry study on 127,555 patients from the Nationwide OsMed Health-DB Database. Eur Heart J. 2015;36(36):2454–62.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Li L, Li S, Deng K, Liu J, Vandvik PO, Zhao P, Zhang L, Shen J, Bala MM, Sohani ZN, et al. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and risk of heart failure in type 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised and observational studies. BMJ. 2016;352:i610.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Li L, Li S, Deng K, Liu J, Vandvik PO, Zhao P, Zhang L, Shen J, Bala MM, Sohani ZN, et al. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and risk of heart failure in type 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised and observational studies. BMJ. 2016;352:i610.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Sauve M, Ban K, Momen MA, Zhou YQ, Henkelman RM, Husain M, Drucker DJ. Genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 improves cardiovascular outcomes after myocardial infarction in mice. Diabetes. 2010;59(4):1063–73.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Sauve M, Ban K, Momen MA, Zhou YQ, Henkelman RM, Husain M, Drucker DJ. Genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 improves cardiovascular outcomes after myocardial infarction in mice. Diabetes. 2010;59(4):1063–73.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Fujiwara T, Yoshida M, Nakamura T, Sakakura K, Wada H, Arao K, Katayama T, Funayama H, Sugawara Y, Mitsuhashi T, et al. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors are associated with improved left ventricular diastolic function after acute myocardial infarction in diabetic patients. Heart Vessels. 2015;30(5):696–701.CrossRefPubMed Fujiwara T, Yoshida M, Nakamura T, Sakakura K, Wada H, Arao K, Katayama T, Funayama H, Sugawara Y, Mitsuhashi T, et al. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors are associated with improved left ventricular diastolic function after acute myocardial infarction in diabetic patients. Heart Vessels. 2015;30(5):696–701.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Mulvihill EE, Varin EM, Gladanac B, Campbell JE, Ussher JR, Baggio LL, Yusta B, Ayala J, Burmeister MA, Matthews D, et al. Cellular sites and mechanisms linking reduction of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 activity to control of incretin hormone action and glucose homeostasis. Cell Metab. 2017;25(1):152–65.CrossRefPubMed Mulvihill EE, Varin EM, Gladanac B, Campbell JE, Ussher JR, Baggio LL, Yusta B, Ayala J, Burmeister MA, Matthews D, et al. Cellular sites and mechanisms linking reduction of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 activity to control of incretin hormone action and glucose homeostasis. Cell Metab. 2017;25(1):152–65.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Zheng TP, Liu YH, Yang LX, Qin SH, Liu HB. Increased plasma dipeptidyl peptidase-4 activities are associated with high prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis in Chinese patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study. Atherosclerosis. 2015;242(2):580–8.CrossRefPubMed Zheng TP, Liu YH, Yang LX, Qin SH, Liu HB. Increased plasma dipeptidyl peptidase-4 activities are associated with high prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis in Chinese patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study. Atherosclerosis. 2015;242(2):580–8.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Zheng TP, Yang F, Gao Y, Baskota A, Chen T, Tian HM, Ran XW. Increased plasma DPP4 activities predict new-onset atherosclerosis in association with its proinflammatory effects in Chinese over a four year period: a prospective study. Atherosclerosis. 2014;235(2):619–24.CrossRefPubMed Zheng TP, Yang F, Gao Y, Baskota A, Chen T, Tian HM, Ran XW. Increased plasma DPP4 activities predict new-onset atherosclerosis in association with its proinflammatory effects in Chinese over a four year period: a prospective study. Atherosclerosis. 2014;235(2):619–24.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference dos Santos L, Salles TA, Arruda-Junior DF, Campos LC, Pereira AC, Barreto AL, Antonio EL, Mansur AJ, Tucci PJ, Krieger JE, et al. Circulating dipeptidyl peptidase IV activity correlates with cardiac dysfunction in human and experimental heart failure. Circ Heart Fail. 2013;6(5):1029–38.CrossRefPubMed dos Santos L, Salles TA, Arruda-Junior DF, Campos LC, Pereira AC, Barreto AL, Antonio EL, Mansur AJ, Tucci PJ, Krieger JE, et al. Circulating dipeptidyl peptidase IV activity correlates with cardiac dysfunction in human and experimental heart failure. Circ Heart Fail. 2013;6(5):1029–38.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Ravassa S, Barba J, Coma-Canella I, Huerta A, Lopez B, Gonzalez A, Diez J. The activity of circulating dipeptidyl peptidase-4 is associated with subclinical left ventricular dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2013;12:143.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Ravassa S, Barba J, Coma-Canella I, Huerta A, Lopez B, Gonzalez A, Diez J. The activity of circulating dipeptidyl peptidase-4 is associated with subclinical left ventricular dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2013;12:143.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Li JW, Chen YD, Chen WR, Jing J, Liu J, Yang YQ. Plasma DPP4 activity is associated with no-reflow and major bleeding events in Chinese PCI-treated STEMI patients. Sci Rep. 2016;6:39412.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Li JW, Chen YD, Chen WR, Jing J, Liu J, Yang YQ. Plasma DPP4 activity is associated with no-reflow and major bleeding events in Chinese PCI-treated STEMI patients. Sci Rep. 2016;6:39412.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Niccoli G, Kharbanda RK, Crea F, Banning AP. No-reflow: again prevention is better than treatment. Eur Heart J. 2010;31(20):2449–55.CrossRefPubMed Niccoli G, Kharbanda RK, Crea F, Banning AP. No-reflow: again prevention is better than treatment. Eur Heart J. 2010;31(20):2449–55.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Pellaton C, Cayla G, Silvain J, Zeymer U, Cohen M, Goldstein P, Huber K, Pollack C Jr, Kerneis M, Collet JP, et al. Incidence and consequence of major bleeding in primary percutaneous intervention for ST-elevation myocardial infarction in the era of radial access: an analysis of the international randomized acute myocardial infarction treated with primary angioplasty and intravenous enoxaparin or unfractionated heparin to lower ischemic and bleeding events at short- and long-term follow-up trial. Am Heart J. 2015;170(4):778–86.CrossRefPubMed Pellaton C, Cayla G, Silvain J, Zeymer U, Cohen M, Goldstein P, Huber K, Pollack C Jr, Kerneis M, Collet JP, et al. Incidence and consequence of major bleeding in primary percutaneous intervention for ST-elevation myocardial infarction in the era of radial access: an analysis of the international randomized acute myocardial infarction treated with primary angioplasty and intravenous enoxaparin or unfractionated heparin to lower ischemic and bleeding events at short- and long-term follow-up trial. Am Heart J. 2015;170(4):778–86.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference O’Gara PT, Kushner FG, Ascheim DD, Casey DE Jr, Chung MK, de Lemos JA, Ettinger SM, Fang JC, Fesmire FM, Franklin BA, et al. 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;61(4):e78–140.CrossRefPubMed O’Gara PT, Kushner FG, Ascheim DD, Casey DE Jr, Chung MK, de Lemos JA, Ettinger SM, Fang JC, Fesmire FM, Franklin BA, et al. 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;61(4):e78–140.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Javidroozi M, Zucker S, Chen WT. Plasma seprase and DPP4 levels as markers of disease and prognosis in cancer. Dis Markers. 2012;32(5):309–20.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Javidroozi M, Zucker S, Chen WT. Plasma seprase and DPP4 levels as markers of disease and prognosis in cancer. Dis Markers. 2012;32(5):309–20.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Levine GN, Bates ER, Blankenship JC, Bailey SR, Bittl JA, Cercek B, Chambers CE, Ellis SG, Guyton RA, Hollenberg SM, et al. 2011 ACCF/AHA/SCAI guideline for percutaneous coronary intervention: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions. Circulation. 2011;124(23):2574–609.CrossRefPubMed Levine GN, Bates ER, Blankenship JC, Bailey SR, Bittl JA, Cercek B, Chambers CE, Ellis SG, Guyton RA, Hollenberg SM, et al. 2011 ACCF/AHA/SCAI guideline for percutaneous coronary intervention: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions. Circulation. 2011;124(23):2574–609.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Levine GN, Bates ER, Bittl JA, Brindis RG, Fihn SD, Fleisher LA, Granger CB, Lange RA, Mack MJ, Mauri L, et al. 2016 ACC/AHA guideline focused update on duration of dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with coronary artery disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines: an update of the 2011 ACCF/AHA/SCAI guideline for percutaneous coronary intervention, 2011 ACCF/AHA guideline for coronary artery bypass graft surgery, 2012 ACC/AHA/ACP/AATS/PCNA/SCAI/STS guideline for the diagnosis and management of patients with stable ischemic heart disease, 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction, 2014 AHA/ACC guideline for the management of patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes, and 2014 ACC/AHA guideline on perioperative cardiovascular evaluation and management of patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. Circulation. 2016;134(10):e123–55.CrossRefPubMed Levine GN, Bates ER, Bittl JA, Brindis RG, Fihn SD, Fleisher LA, Granger CB, Lange RA, Mack MJ, Mauri L, et al. 2016 ACC/AHA guideline focused update on duration of dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with coronary artery disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines: an update of the 2011 ACCF/AHA/SCAI guideline for percutaneous coronary intervention, 2011 ACCF/AHA guideline for coronary artery bypass graft surgery, 2012 ACC/AHA/ACP/AATS/PCNA/SCAI/STS guideline for the diagnosis and management of patients with stable ischemic heart disease, 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction, 2014 AHA/ACC guideline for the management of patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes, and 2014 ACC/AHA guideline on perioperative cardiovascular evaluation and management of patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. Circulation. 2016;134(10):e123–55.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Aho K, Harmsen P, Hatano S, Marquardsen J, Smirnov VE, Strasser T. Cerebrovascular disease in the community: results of a WHO collaborative study. Bull World Health Organ. 1980;58(1):113–30.PubMedPubMedCentral Aho K, Harmsen P, Hatano S, Marquardsen J, Smirnov VE, Strasser T. Cerebrovascular disease in the community: results of a WHO collaborative study. Bull World Health Organ. 1980;58(1):113–30.PubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Zittermann A, Kuhn J, Dreier J, Knabbe C, Gummert JF, Borgermann J. Vitamin D status and the risk of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events in cardiac surgery. Eur Heart J. 2013;34(18):1358–64.CrossRefPubMed Zittermann A, Kuhn J, Dreier J, Knabbe C, Gummert JF, Borgermann J. Vitamin D status and the risk of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events in cardiac surgery. Eur Heart J. 2013;34(18):1358–64.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Zheng T, Chen T, Liu Y, Gao Y, Tian H. Increased plasma DPP4 activity predicts new-onset hypertension in Chinese over a 4-year period: possible associations with inflammation and oxidative stress. J Hum Hypertens. 2015;29(7):424–9.CrossRefPubMed Zheng T, Chen T, Liu Y, Gao Y, Tian H. Increased plasma DPP4 activity predicts new-onset hypertension in Chinese over a 4-year period: possible associations with inflammation and oxidative stress. J Hum Hypertens. 2015;29(7):424–9.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Kawase H, Bando YK, Nishimura K, Aoyama M, Monji A, Murohara T. A dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor ameliorates hypertensive cardiac remodeling via angiotensin-II/sodium-proton pump exchanger-1 axis. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2016;98:37–47.CrossRefPubMed Kawase H, Bando YK, Nishimura K, Aoyama M, Monji A, Murohara T. A dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor ameliorates hypertensive cardiac remodeling via angiotensin-II/sodium-proton pump exchanger-1 axis. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2016;98:37–47.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Aroor AR, Sowers JR, Bender SB, Nistala R, Garro M, Mugerfeld I, Hayden MR, Johnson MS, Salam M, Whaley-Connell A, et al. Dipeptidylpeptidase inhibition is associated with improvement in blood pressure and diastolic function in insulin-resistant male Zucker obese rats. Endocrinology. 2013;154(7):2501–13.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Aroor AR, Sowers JR, Bender SB, Nistala R, Garro M, Mugerfeld I, Hayden MR, Johnson MS, Salam M, Whaley-Connell A, et al. Dipeptidylpeptidase inhibition is associated with improvement in blood pressure and diastolic function in insulin-resistant male Zucker obese rats. Endocrinology. 2013;154(7):2501–13.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Blaslov K, Bulum T, Knežević-Ćuća J, Duvnjak L. Fasting serum dipeptidyl peptidase-4 activity is independently associated with alanine aminotransferase in type 1 diabetic patients. Clin Biochem. 2015;48(1–2):39–43.CrossRefPubMed Blaslov K, Bulum T, Knežević-Ćuća J, Duvnjak L. Fasting serum dipeptidyl peptidase-4 activity is independently associated with alanine aminotransferase in type 1 diabetic patients. Clin Biochem. 2015;48(1–2):39–43.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Aso Y, Terasawa T, Kato K, Jojima T, Suzuki K, Iijima T, Kawagoe Y, Mikami S, Kubota Y, Inukai T, et al. The serum level of soluble CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase 4 increases in response to acute hyperglycemia after an oral glucose load in healthy subjects: association with high-molecular weight adiponectin and hepatic enzymes. Transl Res. 2013;162(5):309–16.CrossRefPubMed Aso Y, Terasawa T, Kato K, Jojima T, Suzuki K, Iijima T, Kawagoe Y, Mikami S, Kubota Y, Inukai T, et al. The serum level of soluble CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase 4 increases in response to acute hyperglycemia after an oral glucose load in healthy subjects: association with high-molecular weight adiponectin and hepatic enzymes. Transl Res. 2013;162(5):309–16.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Lee SA, Kim YR, Yang EJ, Kwon E-J, Kim SH, Kang SH, Park DB, Oh B-C, Kim J, Heo ST, et al. CD26/DPP4 levels in peripheral blood and T cells in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013;98(6):2553–61.CrossRefPubMed Lee SA, Kim YR, Yang EJ, Kwon E-J, Kim SH, Kang SH, Park DB, Oh B-C, Kim J, Heo ST, et al. CD26/DPP4 levels in peripheral blood and T cells in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013;98(6):2553–61.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Firneisz G, Varga T, Lengyel G, Feher J, Ghyczy D, Wichmann B, Selmeci L, Tulassay Z, Racz K, Somogyi A. Serum dipeptidyl peptidase-4 activity in insulin resistant patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a novel liver disease biomarker. PLoS ONE. 2010;5(8):e12226.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Firneisz G, Varga T, Lengyel G, Feher J, Ghyczy D, Wichmann B, Selmeci L, Tulassay Z, Racz K, Somogyi A. Serum dipeptidyl peptidase-4 activity in insulin resistant patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a novel liver disease biomarker. PLoS ONE. 2010;5(8):e12226.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Ragab D, Laird M, Duffy D, Casrouge A, Mamdouh R, Abass A, Shenawy DE, Shebl AM, Elkashef WF, Zalata KR, et al. CXCL10 antagonism and plasma sDPPIV correlate with increasing liver disease in chronic HCV genotype 4 infected patients. Cytokine. 2013;63(2):105–12.CrossRefPubMed Ragab D, Laird M, Duffy D, Casrouge A, Mamdouh R, Abass A, Shenawy DE, Shebl AM, Elkashef WF, Zalata KR, et al. CXCL10 antagonism and plasma sDPPIV correlate with increasing liver disease in chronic HCV genotype 4 infected patients. Cytokine. 2013;63(2):105–12.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Meissner EG, Decalf J, Casrouge A, Masur H, Kottilil S, Albert ML, Duffy D. Dynamic changes of post-translationally modified forms of CXCL10 and soluble DPP4 in HCV subjects receiving interferon-free therapy. PLoS ONE. 2015;10(7):e0133236.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Meissner EG, Decalf J, Casrouge A, Masur H, Kottilil S, Albert ML, Duffy D. Dynamic changes of post-translationally modified forms of CXCL10 and soluble DPP4 in HCV subjects receiving interferon-free therapy. PLoS ONE. 2015;10(7):e0133236.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Yang G, Li Y, Cui L, Jiang H, Li X, Jin C, Jin D, Zhao G, Jin J, Sun R, et al. Increased plasma dipeptidyl peptidase-4 activities in patients with coronary artery disease. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(9):e0163027.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Yang G, Li Y, Cui L, Jiang H, Li X, Jin C, Jin D, Zhao G, Jin J, Sun R, et al. Increased plasma dipeptidyl peptidase-4 activities in patients with coronary artery disease. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(9):e0163027.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Wang A, Dorso C, Kopcho L, Locke G, Langish R, Harstad E, Shipkova P, Marcinkeviciene J, Hamann L, Kirby MS. Potency, selectivity and prolonged binding of saxagliptin to DPP4: maintenance of DPP4 inhibition by saxagliptin in vitro and ex vivo when compared to a rapidly-dissociating DPP4 inhibitor. BMC Pharmacol. 2012;12:2.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Wang A, Dorso C, Kopcho L, Locke G, Langish R, Harstad E, Shipkova P, Marcinkeviciene J, Hamann L, Kirby MS. Potency, selectivity and prolonged binding of saxagliptin to DPP4: maintenance of DPP4 inhibition by saxagliptin in vitro and ex vivo when compared to a rapidly-dissociating DPP4 inhibitor. BMC Pharmacol. 2012;12:2.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Murase H, Kuno A, Miki T, Tanno M, Yano T, Kouzu H, Ishikawa S, Tobisawa T, Ogasawara M, Nishizawa K, et al. Inhibition of DPP-4 reduces acute mortality after myocardial infarction with restoration of autophagic response in type 2 diabetic rats. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2015;14:103.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Murase H, Kuno A, Miki T, Tanno M, Yano T, Kouzu H, Ishikawa S, Tobisawa T, Ogasawara M, Nishizawa K, et al. Inhibition of DPP-4 reduces acute mortality after myocardial infarction with restoration of autophagic response in type 2 diabetic rats. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2015;14:103.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Kieffer TJ, Habener JF. The glucagon-like peptides. Endocr Rev. 1999;20(6):876–913.CrossRefPubMed Kieffer TJ, Habener JF. The glucagon-like peptides. Endocr Rev. 1999;20(6):876–913.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Hocher B, Reichetzeder C, Alter ML. Renal and cardiac effects of DPP4 inhibitors—from preclinical development to clinical research. Kidney Blood Press Res. 2012;36(1):65–84.CrossRefPubMed Hocher B, Reichetzeder C, Alter ML. Renal and cardiac effects of DPP4 inhibitors—from preclinical development to clinical research. Kidney Blood Press Res. 2012;36(1):65–84.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Noyan-Ashraf MH, Momen MA, Ban K, Sadi AM, Zhou YQ, Riazi AM, Baggio LL, Henkelman RM, Husain M, Drucker DJ. GLP-1R agonist liraglutide activates cytoprotective pathways and improves outcomes after experimental myocardial infarction in mice. Diabetes. 2009;58(4):975–83.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Noyan-Ashraf MH, Momen MA, Ban K, Sadi AM, Zhou YQ, Riazi AM, Baggio LL, Henkelman RM, Husain M, Drucker DJ. GLP-1R agonist liraglutide activates cytoprotective pathways and improves outcomes after experimental myocardial infarction in mice. Diabetes. 2009;58(4):975–83.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Chen WR, Hu SY, Chen YD, Zhang Y, Qian G, Wang J, Yang JJ, Wang ZF, Tian F, Ning QX. Effects of liraglutide on left ventricular function in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Am Heart J. 2015;170(5):845–54.CrossRefPubMed Chen WR, Hu SY, Chen YD, Zhang Y, Qian G, Wang J, Yang JJ, Wang ZF, Tian F, Ning QX. Effects of liraglutide on left ventricular function in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Am Heart J. 2015;170(5):845–54.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Chen WR, Shen XQ, Zhang Y, Chen YD, Hu SY, Qian G, Wang J, Yang JJ, Wang ZF, Tian F. Effects of liraglutide on left ventricular function in patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Endocrine. 2016;52(3):516–26.CrossRefPubMed Chen WR, Shen XQ, Zhang Y, Chen YD, Hu SY, Qian G, Wang J, Yang JJ, Wang ZF, Tian F. Effects of liraglutide on left ventricular function in patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Endocrine. 2016;52(3):516–26.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Lei Y, Hu L, Yang G, Piao L, Jin M, Cheng X. Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibition for the treatment of cardiovascular disease—recent insights focusing on angiogenesis and neovascularization. Circ J. 2017;81(6):770–6.CrossRefPubMed Lei Y, Hu L, Yang G, Piao L, Jin M, Cheng X. Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibition for the treatment of cardiovascular disease—recent insights focusing on angiogenesis and neovascularization. Circ J. 2017;81(6):770–6.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Fortunato O, Spinetti G, Specchia C, Cangiano E, Valgimigli M, Madeddu P. Migratory activity of circulating progenitor cells and serum SDF-1α predict adverse events in patients with myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc Res. 2013;100(2):192–200.CrossRefPubMed Fortunato O, Spinetti G, Specchia C, Cangiano E, Valgimigli M, Madeddu P. Migratory activity of circulating progenitor cells and serum SDF-1α predict adverse events in patients with myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc Res. 2013;100(2):192–200.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Cuculi F, Herring N, De Caterina AR, Banning AP, Prendergast BD, Forfar JC, Choudhury RP, Channon KM, Kharbanda RK. Relationship of plasma neuropeptide Y with angiographic, electrocardiographic and coronary physiology indices of reperfusion during ST elevation myocardial infarction. Heart. 2013;99(16):1198–203.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Cuculi F, Herring N, De Caterina AR, Banning AP, Prendergast BD, Forfar JC, Choudhury RP, Channon KM, Kharbanda RK. Relationship of plasma neuropeptide Y with angiographic, electrocardiographic and coronary physiology indices of reperfusion during ST elevation myocardial infarction. Heart. 2013;99(16):1198–203.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Ng LL, Sandhu JK, Narayan H, Quinn PA, Squire IB, Davies JE, Struck J, Bergmann A, Maisel A, Jones DJ. Pro-substance p for evaluation of risk in acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;64(16):1698–707.CrossRefPubMed Ng LL, Sandhu JK, Narayan H, Quinn PA, Squire IB, Davies JE, Struck J, Bergmann A, Maisel A, Jones DJ. Pro-substance p for evaluation of risk in acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;64(16):1698–707.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Connelly KA, Zhang Y, Advani A, Advani SL, Thai K, Yuen DA, Gilbert RE. DPP-4 inhibition attenuates cardiac dysfunction and adverse remodeling following myocardial infarction in rats with experimental diabetes. Cardiovasc Ther. 2013;31(5):259–67.CrossRefPubMed Connelly KA, Zhang Y, Advani A, Advani SL, Thai K, Yuen DA, Gilbert RE. DPP-4 inhibition attenuates cardiac dysfunction and adverse remodeling following myocardial infarction in rats with experimental diabetes. Cardiovasc Ther. 2013;31(5):259–67.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Apaijai N, Inthachai T, Lekawanvijit S, Chattipakorn SC, Chattipakorn N. Effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor in insulin-resistant rats with myocardial infarction. J Endocrinol. 2016;229(3):245–58.CrossRefPubMed Apaijai N, Inthachai T, Lekawanvijit S, Chattipakorn SC, Chattipakorn N. Effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor in insulin-resistant rats with myocardial infarction. J Endocrinol. 2016;229(3):245–58.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Ghosal S, Sinha B. Gliptins and cardiovascular outcomes: a comparative and critical analysis after TECOS. J Diabetes Res. 2016;2016:1643496.CrossRefPubMed Ghosal S, Sinha B. Gliptins and cardiovascular outcomes: a comparative and critical analysis after TECOS. J Diabetes Res. 2016;2016:1643496.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Savarese G, D’Amore C, Federici M, De Martino F, Dellegrottaglie S, Marciano C, Ferrazzano F, Losco T, Lund LH, Trimarco B, et al. Effects of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors and sodium-glucose linked cotransporter-2 inhibitors on cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol. 2016;220:595–601.CrossRefPubMed Savarese G, D’Amore C, Federici M, De Martino F, Dellegrottaglie S, Marciano C, Ferrazzano F, Losco T, Lund LH, Trimarco B, et al. Effects of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors and sodium-glucose linked cotransporter-2 inhibitors on cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol. 2016;220:595–601.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Lejay A, Fang F, John R, Van JA, Barr M, Thaveau F, Chakfe N, Geny B, Scholey JW. Ischemia reperfusion injury, ischemic conditioning and diabetes mellitus. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2016;91:11–22.CrossRefPubMed Lejay A, Fang F, John R, Van JA, Barr M, Thaveau F, Chakfe N, Geny B, Scholey JW. Ischemia reperfusion injury, ischemic conditioning and diabetes mellitus. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2016;91:11–22.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Roifman I, Ghugre N, Zia MI, Farkouh ME, Zavodni A, Wright GA, Connelly KA. Diabetes is an independent predictor of right ventricular dysfunction post ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2016;15:34.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Roifman I, Ghugre N, Zia MI, Farkouh ME, Zavodni A, Wright GA, Connelly KA. Diabetes is an independent predictor of right ventricular dysfunction post ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2016;15:34.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Ou SM, Chen HT, Kuo SC, Chen TJ, Shih CJ, Chen YT. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and cardiovascular risks in patients with pre-existing heart failure. Heart. 2017;103(6):414–20.CrossRefPubMed Ou SM, Chen HT, Kuo SC, Chen TJ, Shih CJ, Chen YT. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and cardiovascular risks in patients with pre-existing heart failure. Heart. 2017;103(6):414–20.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Zhao D, Yang LY, Wang XH, Yuan SS, Yu CG, Wang ZW, Lang JN, Feng YM. Different relationship between ANGPTL3 and HDL components in female non-diabetic subjects and type-2 diabetic patients. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2016;15(1):132.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Zhao D, Yang LY, Wang XH, Yuan SS, Yu CG, Wang ZW, Lang JN, Feng YM. Different relationship between ANGPTL3 and HDL components in female non-diabetic subjects and type-2 diabetic patients. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2016;15(1):132.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral