Published in:
01-11-2010 | Original Article
Prescreening of a High-Risk Group for Gastric Cancer by Serologically Determined Helicobacter pylori Infection and Atrophic Gastritis
Published in: Digestive Diseases and Sciences | Issue 11/2010
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Background
Though gastric cancer screening by X-ray examination has been confirmed to be effective for reducing gastric cancer mortality, decreases in efficiency have been pointed out. Establishment of an effective screening system, focusing on high-risk status such as Helicobacter pylori infection and atrophic gastritis, is desirable. To date, combined use of serum anti-Helicobacter pylori antibodies and pepsinogen measurement has been assessed prospectively in participants in opportunistic and workplace health check-ups; however, there are no reports of population-based cohort study.
Aims
To clarify the population-based risk of Helicobacter pylori infection and atrophic gastritis for gastric cancer, a cohort study was conducted in rural towns in Kyoto Prefecture.
Methods
Subjects were 1,011 males and 1,848 females recruited in a health check-up in 1987. Their serum was examined for anti-Helicobacter pylori antibodies and pepsinogen I and II. Gastric cancer cases were assessed from the cancer registry of those towns.
Results
Up to the end of 1996, 33 males and 28 females developed gastric cancer. A sex- and age-adjusted hazard ratio was calculated by Cox’s proportional model. Helicobacter pylori infection increased the risk of gastric cancer even when the subjects had no atrophy (hazard ratio = 4.20; 95% confidence interval, 0.96–18.40). The risk increased further when they had both Helicobacter pylori infection and atrophy (hazard ratio = 11.23; 95% confidence interval, 2.71–46.51). Subjects with atrophy but negative for anti-Helicobacter pylori antibodies had the highest risk (hazard ratio = 14.81; 95% confidence interval, 2.47–88.80).
Conclusions
A high-risk group for gastric cancer can be selected by serological prescreening.