Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Prevention Science 1/2009

Open Access 01-03-2009

Population-Based Prevention of Child Maltreatment: The U.S. Triple P System Population Trial

Authors: Ronald J. Prinz, Matthew R. Sanders, Cheri J. Shapiro, Daniel J. Whitaker, John R. Lutzker

Published in: Prevention Science | Issue 1/2009

Login to get access

Abstract

The prevention of child maltreatment necessitates a public health approach. In the U.S. Triple P System Population Trial, 18 counties were randomly assigned to either dissemination of the Triple P—Positive Parenting Program system or to the services-as-usual control condition. Dissemination involved Triple P professional training for the existing workforce (over 600 service providers), as well as universal media and communication strategies. Large effect sizes were found for three independently derived population indicators: substantiated child maltreatment, child out-of-home placements, and child maltreatment injuries. This study is the first to randomize geographical areas and show preventive impact on child maltreatment at a population level using evidence-based parenting interventions.
Literature
go back to reference Biglan, A., & Metzler, C. (1998). A public health perspective for research on family-focused interventions. In R. S. Ashery, E. B. Robertson, & K. L. Kumpfer (Eds.), Drug abuse prevention through family interventions. NIDA Research Monograph 177, NIH Publication No. 994135 (pp. 430–458). Washington, DC: National Institute on Drug Abuse. Biglan, A., & Metzler, C. (1998). A public health perspective for research on family-focused interventions. In R. S. Ashery, E. B. Robertson, & K. L. Kumpfer (Eds.), Drug abuse prevention through family interventions. NIDA Research Monograph 177, NIH Publication No. 994135 (pp. 430–458). Washington, DC: National Institute on Drug Abuse.
go back to reference Bodenmann, G., Cina, A., Ledermann, T., & Sanders, M. R. (2008). The efficacy of the Triple P—Positive Parenting Program in improving parenting and child behavior: A comparison of two other treatment conditions. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 46, 411–427. Bodenmann, G., Cina, A., Ledermann, T., & Sanders, M. R. (2008). The efficacy of the Triple P—Positive Parenting Program in improving parenting and child behavior: A comparison of two other treatment conditions. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 46, 411–427.
go back to reference Bor, W., Sanders, M. R., & Markie-Dadds, C. (2002). The effects of the Triple P—Positive Parenting Program on preschool children with co-occurring disruptive behavior and attentional/hyperactive difficulties. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 30, 571–587. doi:10.1023/A:1020807613155.PubMedCrossRef Bor, W., Sanders, M. R., & Markie-Dadds, C. (2002). The effects of the Triple P—Positive Parenting Program on preschool children with co-occurring disruptive behavior and attentional/hyperactive difficulties. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 30, 571–587. doi:10.​1023/​A:​1020807613155.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Cann, W., Rogers, H., & Matthews, J. (2003). Family Intervention Service program evaluation: A brief report on initial outcomes for families. Australian e-Journal for the Advancement of Mental Health, 2. Cann, W., Rogers, H., & Matthews, J. (2003). Family Intervention Service program evaluation: A brief report on initial outcomes for families. Australian e-Journal for the Advancement of Mental Health, 2.
go back to reference Carmona, R. H. (2006). Making prevention of child maltreatment a national priority: Implementing innovations of a public health approach. Washington, D.C.: Surgeon General’s Workshop. March 30–31 2005. Carmona, R. H. (2006). Making prevention of child maltreatment a national priority: Implementing innovations of a public health approach. Washington, D.C.: Surgeon General’s Workshop. March 30–31 2005.
go back to reference Chaffin, M., Silovsky, J. F., Funderburk, B., Valle, L. A., Brestan, E. V., Balachova, T., et al. (2004). Parent–Child Interaction Therapy with physically abusive parents: Efficacy for reducing future abuse reports. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 72, 500–510. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.72.3.500.PubMedCrossRef Chaffin, M., Silovsky, J. F., Funderburk, B., Valle, L. A., Brestan, E. V., Balachova, T., et al. (2004). Parent–Child Interaction Therapy with physically abusive parents: Efficacy for reducing future abuse reports. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 72, 500–510. doi:10.​1037/​0022-006X.​72.​3.​500.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Cicchetti, D., Rogosch, F. A., & Toth, S. L. (2006). Fostering secure attachment in infants in maltreating families through preventive interventions. Development and Psychopathology, 18, 623–649.PubMed Cicchetti, D., Rogosch, F. A., & Toth, S. L. (2006). Fostering secure attachment in infants in maltreating families through preventive interventions. Development and Psychopathology, 18, 623–649.PubMed
go back to reference Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
go back to reference Crisante, L., & Ng, S. (2003). Implementation and process issues in using Group Triple P with Chinese parents: Preliminary findings. Australian e-Journal for the Advancement of Mental Health, 2. Crisante, L., & Ng, S. (2003). Implementation and process issues in using Group Triple P with Chinese parents: Preliminary findings. Australian e-Journal for the Advancement of Mental Health, 2.
go back to reference Dean, C., Myors, K., & Evans, E. (2003). Community-wide implementation of a parenting program: The South East Sydney Positive Parenting Project. Australian e-Journal for the Advancement of Mental Health, 2. Dean, C., Myors, K., & Evans, E. (2003). Community-wide implementation of a parenting program: The South East Sydney Positive Parenting Project. Australian e-Journal for the Advancement of Mental Health, 2.
go back to reference Duggan, A., Fuddy, L., Burrell, L., Higman, S. M., McFarlane, E., Windham, A., et al. (2004). Randomized trial of a statewide home visiting program to prevent child abuse: Impact in reducing parental risk factors. Child Abuse & Neglect, 28, 623–643. Duggan, A., Fuddy, L., Burrell, L., Higman, S. M., McFarlane, E., Windham, A., et al. (2004). Randomized trial of a statewide home visiting program to prevent child abuse: Impact in reducing parental risk factors. Child Abuse & Neglect, 28, 623–643.
go back to reference Fromm, S. (2001). Total estimated cost of child abuse and neglect in the United States: Statistical evidence. Report submitted by Prevent Child Abuse America to The Edna McConnell Clark Foundation. Fromm, S. (2001). Total estimated cost of child abuse and neglect in the United States: Statistical evidence. Report submitted by Prevent Child Abuse America to The Edna McConnell Clark Foundation.
go back to reference Harder, J. (2005). Prevention of child abuse and neglect: An evaluation of a home visitation parent aide program using recidivism data. Research on Social Work Practice, 15, 246–256. doi:10.1177/1049731505275062.CrossRef Harder, J. (2005). Prevention of child abuse and neglect: An evaluation of a home visitation parent aide program using recidivism data. Research on Social Work Practice, 15, 246–256. doi:10.​1177/​1049731505275062​.CrossRef
go back to reference Heinrichs, N., Bertram, H., Kuschel, A., & Hahlweg, K. (2005). Parent recruitment and retention in a universal prevention program for child behavior and emotional problems: Barriers to research and program participation. Prevention Science, 6, 1–12. doi:10.1007/s11121-005-0006-1.CrossRef Heinrichs, N., Bertram, H., Kuschel, A., & Hahlweg, K. (2005). Parent recruitment and retention in a universal prevention program for child behavior and emotional problems: Barriers to research and program participation. Prevention Science, 6, 1–12. doi:10.​1007/​s11121-005-0006-1.CrossRef
go back to reference Heinrichs, N., Hahlweg, K., Bertram, H., Kuschel, A., Naumann, S., & Harstick, S. (2006a). Die langfristige Wirksamkeit eines Elterntrainings zur universellen Pravention kindlicher Verhaltensstorungen: Ergebnisse aus Sicht der Mutter und Vater. Zeitschrift fuer Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, 35, 72–86. Long term effectiveness of parenting training for universal prevention of child behavior disorders doi:10.1026/1616-3443.35.1.72.CrossRef Heinrichs, N., Hahlweg, K., Bertram, H., Kuschel, A., Naumann, S., & Harstick, S. (2006a). Die langfristige Wirksamkeit eines Elterntrainings zur universellen Pravention kindlicher Verhaltensstorungen: Ergebnisse aus Sicht der Mutter und Vater. Zeitschrift fuer Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, 35, 72–86. Long term effectiveness of parenting training for universal prevention of child behavior disorders doi:10.​1026/​1616-3443.​35.​1.​72.CrossRef
go back to reference Heinrichs, N., Hahlweg, K., Kuschel, A., Bertram, H., Harstick, S., & Naumann, S. (2006b). Triple P aus Sicht der Eltern. Kindheit und Entwicklung, 15, 19–26. Triple P from the parents’ perspective doi:10.1026/0942-5403.15.1.19.CrossRef Heinrichs, N., Hahlweg, K., Kuschel, A., Bertram, H., Harstick, S., & Naumann, S. (2006b). Triple P aus Sicht der Eltern. Kindheit und Entwicklung, 15, 19–26. Triple P from the parents’ perspective doi:10.​1026/​0942-5403.​15.​1.​19.CrossRef
go back to reference Heinrichs, N., Kruger, S., & Guse, U. (2006c). Der Einfluss von Anreizen auf die Rekrutierung von Eltern und auf die Effecktivitat eines praventiven Elterntrainings. Zeitschrift fuer Klinische Psychologie and Psychotherapie, 35, 97–108. The effects of incentives on recruitment rates of parents and the effectiveness of a preventive parent training program doi:10.1026/1616-3443.35.2.97.CrossRef Heinrichs, N., Kruger, S., & Guse, U. (2006c). Der Einfluss von Anreizen auf die Rekrutierung von Eltern und auf die Effecktivitat eines praventiven Elterntrainings. Zeitschrift fuer Klinische Psychologie and Psychotherapie, 35, 97–108. The effects of incentives on recruitment rates of parents and the effectiveness of a preventive parent training program doi:10.​1026/​1616-3443.​35.​2.​97.CrossRef
go back to reference MacMillan, H. L., Thomas, B. H., Jamieson, E., Walsh, C. A., Boyle, M. H., Shannon, H. S., et al. (2005). Effectiveness of home visitation by public-health nurses in prevention of the recurrence of child physical abuse and neglect: A randomized controlled trial. Lancet, 365, 1786–1793. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)66388-X.PubMedCrossRef MacMillan, H. L., Thomas, B. H., Jamieson, E., Walsh, C. A., Boyle, M. H., Shannon, H. S., et al. (2005). Effectiveness of home visitation by public-health nurses in prevention of the recurrence of child physical abuse and neglect: A randomized controlled trial. Lancet, 365, 1786–1793. doi:10.​1016/​S0140-6736(05)66388-X.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference McMahon, R. J. (1999). Parent training. In S. W. Rus, & T. H. Ollendick (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapies with children and families (pp. 153–180). New York: Plenum. McMahon, R. J. (1999). Parent training. In S. W. Rus, & T. H. Ollendick (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapies with children and families (pp. 153–180). New York: Plenum.
go back to reference Mihalopoulos, C., Sanders, M. R., Turner, K. M. T., Murphy-Brennan, M., & Carter, R. (2007). Does the Triple P—Positive Parenting Program provide value for money? The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 41, 239–246. doi:10.1080/00048670601172723.PubMedCrossRef Mihalopoulos, C., Sanders, M. R., Turner, K. M. T., Murphy-Brennan, M., & Carter, R. (2007). Does the Triple P—Positive Parenting Program provide value for money? The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 41, 239–246. doi:10.​1080/​0004867060117272​3.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Nilsen, P. (2005). Evaluation of community-based injury prevention programs—Methodological issues and challenges. International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion, 12, 143–156.PubMedCrossRef Nilsen, P. (2005). Evaluation of community-based injury prevention programs—Methodological issues and challenges. International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion, 12, 143–156.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Prinz, R. J. (2007). Parenting and the prevention of childhood injuries. In L. S. Doll, S. E. Bonzo, J. A. Mercy, & D. A. Sleet (Eds.), Handbook of injury and violence prevention (pp. 333–346). New York: Springer.CrossRef Prinz, R. J. (2007). Parenting and the prevention of childhood injuries. In L. S. Doll, S. E. Bonzo, J. A. Mercy, & D. A. Sleet (Eds.), Handbook of injury and violence prevention (pp. 333–346). New York: Springer.CrossRef
go back to reference Prinz, R. J., & Dumas, J. E. (2004). Prevention of oppositional-defiant disorder and conduct disorder in children and adolescents. In P. Barrett & T. H. Ollendick (Eds.), Handbook of interventions that work with children and adolescents: From prevention to treatment (pp. 475–488). Chichester, UK: Wiley.CrossRef Prinz, R. J., & Dumas, J. E. (2004). Prevention of oppositional-defiant disorder and conduct disorder in children and adolescents. In P. Barrett & T. H. Ollendick (Eds.), Handbook of interventions that work with children and adolescents: From prevention to treatment (pp. 475–488). Chichester, UK: Wiley.CrossRef
go back to reference Prinz, R. J., & Jones, T. L. (2003). Family-based interventions. In C. A. Essau (Ed.), Conduct and oppositional defiant disorders: Epidemiology, risk factors, and treatment (pp. 279–298). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum. Prinz, R. J., & Jones, T. L. (2003). Family-based interventions. In C. A. Essau (Ed.), Conduct and oppositional defiant disorders: Epidemiology, risk factors, and treatment (pp. 279–298). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
go back to reference Prinz, R. J., & Sanders, M. R. (2007a). Adopting a population-level approach to parenting and family support interventions. Clinical Psychology Review, 27, 739–749. Prinz, R. J., & Sanders, M. R. (2007a). Adopting a population-level approach to parenting and family support interventions. Clinical Psychology Review, 27, 739–749.
go back to reference Prinz, R. J., & Sanders, M. R. (2007b). Testing effects on parenting at a broad scale: The U.S. Triple P System Population Trial. In N. Heinrichs, K. Hahlweg, & M. Doepfner (Eds.), Strengthening families: Different evidence-based approaches to support child mental health (pp. 485–511). Muenster, Germany: Psychotherapie Verlag. Prinz, R. J., & Sanders, M. R. (2007b). Testing effects on parenting at a broad scale: The U.S. Triple P System Population Trial. In N. Heinrichs, K. Hahlweg, & M. Doepfner (Eds.), Strengthening families: Different evidence-based approaches to support child mental health (pp. 485–511). Muenster, Germany: Psychotherapie Verlag.
go back to reference Rodrigo, M. J., Máiquez, M. L., Correa, A. D., Martín, J. C., & Rodríguez, G. (2006). Outcome evaluation of a community center-based program for mothers at high psychosocial risk. Child Abuse & Neglect, 30, 1049–1064. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2006.03.004.CrossRef Rodrigo, M. J., Máiquez, M. L., Correa, A. D., Martín, J. C., & Rodríguez, G. (2006). Outcome evaluation of a community center-based program for mothers at high psychosocial risk. Child Abuse & Neglect, 30, 1049–1064. doi:10.​1016/​j.​chiabu.​2006.​03.​004.CrossRef
go back to reference Rogers, H., Cann, W., Cameron, D., Littlefield, L., & Lagioia, V. (2003). Evaluation of the Family Intervention Service for children presenting with characteristics associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Australian e-Journal for the Advancement of Mental Health, 2. Rogers, H., Cann, W., Cameron, D., Littlefield, L., & Lagioia, V. (2003). Evaluation of the Family Intervention Service for children presenting with characteristics associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Australian e-Journal for the Advancement of Mental Health, 2.
go back to reference Sanders, M. R. (1999). Triple P—Positive Parenting Program: Towards an empirically validated multilevel parenting and family support strategy for the prevention of behavior and emotional problems in children. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 2, 71–90. doi:10.1023/A:1021843613840.PubMedCrossRef Sanders, M. R. (1999). Triple P—Positive Parenting Program: Towards an empirically validated multilevel parenting and family support strategy for the prevention of behavior and emotional problems in children. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 2, 71–90. doi:10.​1023/​A:​1021843613840.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Sanders, M. R. (2008). The Triple P—Positive Parenting Program—A public health approach to parenting support. Journal of Family Psychology, 22, 506–517. Sanders, M. R. (2008). The Triple P—Positive Parenting Program—A public health approach to parenting support. Journal of Family Psychology, 22, 506–517.
go back to reference Sanders, M. R., Bor, W., & Morawska, A. (2007a). Maintenance of treatment gains: A comparison of enhanced, standard, and self-directed Triple P—Positive Parenting Program. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 35, 983–998. doi:10.1007/s10802-007-9148-x.PubMedCrossRef Sanders, M. R., Bor, W., & Morawska, A. (2007a). Maintenance of treatment gains: A comparison of enhanced, standard, and self-directed Triple P—Positive Parenting Program. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 35, 983–998. doi:10.​1007/​s10802-007-9148-x.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Sanders, M. R., Markie-Dadds, C., Rinaldis, M., Firman, D., & Baig, N. (2007b). Using household survey data to inform policy decisions regarding the delivery of evidence-based parenting interventions. Child Care, Health and Development, 33, 768–783. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2214.2006.00725.x.CrossRef Sanders, M. R., Markie-Dadds, C., Rinaldis, M., Firman, D., & Baig, N. (2007b). Using household survey data to inform policy decisions regarding the delivery of evidence-based parenting interventions. Child Care, Health and Development, 33, 768–783. doi:10.​1111/​j.​1365-2214.​2006.​00725.​x.CrossRef
go back to reference Sanders, M. R., Markie-Dadds, C., Tully, L., & Bor, W. (2000). The Triple P—Positive Parenting Program: A comparison of enhanced, standard and self-directed behavioral family interventions for parents of children with early onset conduct problems. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68, 624–640. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.68.4.624.PubMedCrossRef Sanders, M. R., Markie-Dadds, C., Tully, L., & Bor, W. (2000). The Triple P—Positive Parenting Program: A comparison of enhanced, standard and self-directed behavioral family interventions for parents of children with early onset conduct problems. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68, 624–640. doi:10.​1037/​0022-006X.​68.​4.​624.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Sanders, M. R., Markie-Dadds, C., Turner, K. M. T., & Ralph, A. (2004). Using the Triple P system of intervention to prevent behavioural problems in children and adolescents. In P. Barrett & T. H. Ollendick (Eds.), Handbook of interventions that work with children and adolescents: Prevention and treatment (pp. 489–516). Chichester, UK: Wiley.CrossRef Sanders, M. R., Markie-Dadds, C., Turner, K. M. T., & Ralph, A. (2004). Using the Triple P system of intervention to prevent behavioural problems in children and adolescents. In P. Barrett & T. H. Ollendick (Eds.), Handbook of interventions that work with children and adolescents: Prevention and treatment (pp. 489–516). Chichester, UK: Wiley.CrossRef
go back to reference Sanders, M. R., & McFarland, M. (2000). The treatment of depressed mothers with disruptive children: A controlled evaluation of cognitive behavioral family intervention. Behavior Therapy, 31, 89–112. doi:10.1016/S0005-7894(00)80006-4.CrossRef Sanders, M. R., & McFarland, M. (2000). The treatment of depressed mothers with disruptive children: A controlled evaluation of cognitive behavioral family intervention. Behavior Therapy, 31, 89–112. doi:10.​1016/​S0005-7894(00)80006-4.CrossRef
go back to reference Sanders, M. R., Murphy-Brennan, M., & McAuliffe, C. (2003a). The development, evaluation and dissemination of a training program for general practitioners in evidence-based parent consultation skills. International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, 5, 13–20. Sanders, M. R., Murphy-Brennan, M., & McAuliffe, C. (2003a). The development, evaluation and dissemination of a training program for general practitioners in evidence-based parent consultation skills. International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, 5, 13–20.
go back to reference Sanders, M. R., Ralph, A., Sofronoff, K., Gardiner, P., Thompson, R., Dwyer, S., et al. (2008). Every Family: A population approach to reducing behavioral and emotional problems in children making the transition to school. The Journal of Primary Prevention. doi:10.1007/s10935-008-0139-7. Sanders, M. R., Ralph, A., Sofronoff, K., Gardiner, P., Thompson, R., Dwyer, S., et al. (2008). Every Family: A population approach to reducing behavioral and emotional problems in children making the transition to school. The Journal of Primary Prevention. doi:10.​1007/​s10935-008-0139-7.
go back to reference Sanders, M. R., Tully, L. A., Baade, P. D., Lynch, M. E., Heywood, A. H., Pollard, G. E., et al. (1999). A survey of parenting practices in Queensland: Implications for mental health promotion. Health Promotion Journal of Australia, 9, 105–114. Sanders, M. R., Tully, L. A., Baade, P. D., Lynch, M. E., Heywood, A. H., Pollard, G. E., et al. (1999). A survey of parenting practices in Queensland: Implications for mental health promotion. Health Promotion Journal of Australia, 9, 105–114.
go back to reference Sanders, M. R., Tully, L. A., Turner, K. M. T., Maher, C., & McAuliffe, C. (2003b). Training practitioners in parent consultation skills: An evaluation of training for the Triple P—Positive Parenting Program. Australian Family Physician, 32, 1–6. Sanders, M. R., Tully, L. A., Turner, K. M. T., Maher, C., & McAuliffe, C. (2003b). Training practitioners in parent consultation skills: An evaluation of training for the Triple P—Positive Parenting Program. Australian Family Physician, 32, 1–6.
go back to reference Sanders, M. R., & Turner, K. M. T. (2002). The role of the media and primary care in the dissemination of evidence-based parenting and family support interventions. the Behavior Therapist, 25, 156–166. Sanders, M. R., & Turner, K. M. T. (2002). The role of the media and primary care in the dissemination of evidence-based parenting and family support interventions. the Behavior Therapist, 25, 156–166.
go back to reference Sanders, M. R., Turner, K. M. T., & Markie-Dadds, C. (2002). The development and dissemination of the Triple P—Positive Parenting Program: A multilevel, evidence-based system of parenting and family support. Prevention Science, 3, 173–189. doi:10.1023/A:1019942516231.PubMedCrossRef Sanders, M. R., Turner, K. M. T., & Markie-Dadds, C. (2002). The development and dissemination of the Triple P—Positive Parenting Program: A multilevel, evidence-based system of parenting and family support. Prevention Science, 3, 173–189. doi:10.​1023/​A:​1019942516231.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Sedlak, A. J., & Broadhurst, D. D. (1996). Executive summary of the third national incidence study of child abuse and neglect. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration of Children, Youth and Families, National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect. Sedlak, A. J., & Broadhurst, D. D. (1996). Executive summary of the third national incidence study of child abuse and neglect. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration of Children, Youth and Families, National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect.
go back to reference Shapiro, C. J., Prinz, R. J., & Sanders, M. R. (2008). Population-wide parenting intervention training: Initial feasibility. Journal of Child and Family Studies. doi:10.1007/s10826-007-9170-1. Shapiro, C. J., Prinz, R. J., & Sanders, M. R. (2008). Population-wide parenting intervention training: Initial feasibility. Journal of Child and Family Studies. doi:10.​1007/​s10826-007-9170-1.
go back to reference Skowron, E., & Reinemann, D. H. S. (2005). Effectiveness of psychological interventions for child maltreatment: A meta-analysis. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice. Training, 42, 52–71.CrossRef Skowron, E., & Reinemann, D. H. S. (2005). Effectiveness of psychological interventions for child maltreatment: A meta-analysis. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice. Training, 42, 52–71.CrossRef
go back to reference Society for Prevention Research. (2004). Standards of evidence: Criteria for efficacy, effectiveness and dissemination. Falls Church, VA: Society for Prevention Research. Society for Prevention Research. (2004). Standards of evidence: Criteria for efficacy, effectiveness and dissemination. Falls Church, VA: Society for Prevention Research.
go back to reference Taylor, T. K., & Biglan, A. (1998). Behavioral family interventions for improving child rearing: A review of the literature for clinicians and policy makers. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 1, 41–60. doi:10.1023/A:1021848315541.PubMedCrossRef Taylor, T. K., & Biglan, A. (1998). Behavioral family interventions for improving child rearing: A review of the literature for clinicians and policy makers. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 1, 41–60. doi:10.​1023/​A:​1021848315541.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Theodore, A. D., Chang, J. J., Runyan, D. K., Hunter, W. M., Bangdiwala, S. I., & Agans, R. (2005). Epidemiologic features of the physical and sexual maltreatment of children in the Carolinas. Pediatrics, 115, 331–337. doi:10.1542/peds.2004-1033.CrossRef Theodore, A. D., Chang, J. J., Runyan, D. K., Hunter, W. M., Bangdiwala, S. I., & Agans, R. (2005). Epidemiologic features of the physical and sexual maltreatment of children in the Carolinas. Pediatrics, 115, 331–337. doi:10.​1542/​peds.​2004-1033.CrossRef
go back to reference Timmer, S. G., Urquiza, A. J., Zebell, N. M., & McGrath, J. M. (2005). Parent–Child Interaction Therapy: Application to maltreating parent–child dyads. Child Abuse & Neglect, 29, 825–842. Timmer, S. G., Urquiza, A. J., Zebell, N. M., & McGrath, J. M. (2005). Parent–Child Interaction Therapy: Application to maltreating parent–child dyads. Child Abuse & Neglect, 29, 825–842.
go back to reference Turner, K. M. T., & Sanders, M. R. (2006). Dissemination of evidence-based parenting and family support strategies: Learning from the Triple P—Positive Parenting Program system approach. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 11, 176–193. doi:10.1016/j.avb.2005.07.005.CrossRef Turner, K. M. T., & Sanders, M. R. (2006). Dissemination of evidence-based parenting and family support strategies: Learning from the Triple P—Positive Parenting Program system approach. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 11, 176–193. doi:10.​1016/​j.​avb.​2005.​07.​005.CrossRef
go back to reference U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. (2007). Child maltreatment 2005. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. (2007). Child maltreatment 2005. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
go back to reference Zubrick, S. R., Ward, K. A., Silburn, S. R., Lawrence, D., Williams, A. A., Blair, E., et al. (2005). Prevention of child behavior problems through universal implementation of a group behavioral family intervention. Prevention Science, 6, 287–304. doi:10.1007/s11121-005-0013-2.PubMedCrossRef Zubrick, S. R., Ward, K. A., Silburn, S. R., Lawrence, D., Williams, A. A., Blair, E., et al. (2005). Prevention of child behavior problems through universal implementation of a group behavioral family intervention. Prevention Science, 6, 287–304. doi:10.​1007/​s11121-005-0013-2.PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
Population-Based Prevention of Child Maltreatment: The U.S. Triple P System Population Trial
Authors
Ronald J. Prinz
Matthew R. Sanders
Cheri J. Shapiro
Daniel J. Whitaker
John R. Lutzker
Publication date
01-03-2009
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Prevention Science / Issue 1/2009
Print ISSN: 1389-4986
Electronic ISSN: 1573-6695
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-009-0123-3

Other articles of this Issue 1/2009

Prevention Science 1/2009 Go to the issue