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Published in: Annals of Hematology 2/2019

01-02-2019 | Original Article

Platelet number and graft function predict intensive care survival in allogeneic stem cell transplantation patients

Authors: Amin T. Turki, Wolfgang Lamm, Christoph Schmitt, Evren Bayraktar, Ferras Alashkar, Martin Metzenmacher, Philipp Wohlfarth, Dietrich W. Beelen, Tobias Liebregts

Published in: Annals of Hematology | Issue 2/2019

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Abstract

Despite significant advances in the treatment of complications requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission, ICU mortality remains high for patients after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. We evaluated the role of thrombocytopenia and poor graft function in allogeneic stem cell recipients receiving ICU treatments along with established prognostic ICU markers in order to identify patients at risk for severe complications. At ICU admission, clinical and laboratory data of 108 allogeneic stem cell transplanted ICU patients were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Platelet counts (≤ 50,000/μl, p < 0.0005), hemoglobin levels (≤ 8.5 mg/dl, p = 0.019), and leukocyte count (≤ 1500/μl, p = 0.025) along with sepsis (p = 0.002) and acute myeloid leukemia (p < 0.0005) correlated significantly with survival. Multivariate analysis confirmed thrombocytopenia (hazard ratio (HR) 2.79 (1.58–4.92, 95% confidence interval (CI)) and anemia (HR 1.82, 1.06–3.11, 95% CI) as independent mortality risk factors. Predominant ICU diagnoses were acute respiratory failure (75%), acute kidney injury (47%), and septic shock (30%). Acute graft versus host disease was diagnosed in 42% of patients, and 47% required vasopressors. Low platelet (≤ 50,000/μl) and poor graft function are independent prognostic factors for impaired survival in critically ill stem cell transplanted patients. The underlying pathophysiology of poor graft function is not fully understood and currently under investigation. High-risk patients may be identified and ICU treatments stratified according to allogeneic stem cell patients’ individual risk profiles. In contrast to previous studies involving medical or surgical ICU patients, the fraction of thrombocytopenic patients was larger and low platelets were a better differentiating factor in multivariate analysis than any other parameter.
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Metadata
Title
Platelet number and graft function predict intensive care survival in allogeneic stem cell transplantation patients
Authors
Amin T. Turki
Wolfgang Lamm
Christoph Schmitt
Evren Bayraktar
Ferras Alashkar
Martin Metzenmacher
Philipp Wohlfarth
Dietrich W. Beelen
Tobias Liebregts
Publication date
01-02-2019
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Annals of Hematology / Issue 2/2019
Print ISSN: 0939-5555
Electronic ISSN: 1432-0584
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-018-3538-8

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