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International Urogynecology Journal
Published in: International Urogynecology Journal 11/2020

01-11-2020 | Perineal Laceration | Review Article

Maternal, obstetrical and neonatal risk factors’ impact on female urinary incontinence: a systematic review

Authors: Shahla Faal Siahkal, Mina Iravani, Zeynab Mohaghegh, Foruzan Sharifipour, Maryam Zahedian

Published in: International Urogynecology Journal | Issue 11/2020

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Abstract

Introduction and hypothesis

Urinary incontinence (UI) is one of the most serious problems during pregnancy and after delivery. It can influence the quality of life and cause psychological problems that lead to depression and decreased self-esteem. We aimed to investigate the maternal, obstetrical and neonatal risk factors of urinary incontinence 3 to 12 months after childbirth.

Methods

The Cochrane Library, Medline, Science Direct and Web of Science were searched for studies published from the inception of the databases up to December 2019, including any observational full-text papers. All data were analyzed using Review Manager 5.3. Of 338 articles reviewed, 20 studies were considered for meta-analysis.

Results

The results of our study showed that vaginal delivery in contrast to cesarean section (OR = 3.74, 95% CI: [2.71, 5.15], P < 0.00001), UI in pregnancy (OR = 5.27, 95% CI: [3.40, 8.17], P < 0.00001), episiotomy (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: [1.05, 1.45], P < 0.01), perineal tear > grade 2, instrumental delivery in contrast to cesarean section, epidural or spinal anesthesia, maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI and neonatal birthweight have a direct relationship with UI.

Conclusions

This study confirmed that urinary incontinence during pregnancy and vaginal births had the strongest relationship with postpartum urinary incontinence. Also, the maternal upright positions during labor did not reduce the likelihood of urinary incontinence. The awareness of this issue helps find effective strategies to reduce the likelihood of female urinary incontinence.
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Metadata
Title
Maternal, obstetrical and neonatal risk factors’ impact on female urinary incontinence: a systematic review
Authors
Shahla Faal Siahkal
Mina Iravani
Zeynab Mohaghegh
Foruzan Sharifipour
Maryam Zahedian
Publication date
01-11-2020
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
International Urogynecology Journal / Issue 11/2020
Print ISSN: 0937-3462
Electronic ISSN: 1433-3023
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-020-04442-x

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