Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

LIVE: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)
Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
BMC Public Health
Published in: BMC Public Health 1/2024

Open Access 01-12-2024 | Research

Paternal and maternal exposures to adverse childhood experiences and spontaneous fetal loss: a nationwide cross-sectional analysis

Authors: Wen Liu, Weidi Sun, Lili Yang, Yizhou Huang, Siyu Zhu, Wenhan Xiao, Siqing Cheng, Jiajun Hao, Jiayao Ying, Hanlu Chen, Ziyang Ren, Shuhui Wang, Peige Song

Published in: BMC Public Health | Issue 1/2024

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) might be associated with maternal spontaneous fetal loss, while evidence among Chinese population is limited. This study aims to explore the associations of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) among women and their spouses with the risk of spontaneous abortion and stillbirth.

Method

Data were from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2014 survey. ACEs were categorized into intra-familial ACEs and extra-familial ACEs. The associations of maternal and paternal ACEs with women’s history of spontaneous abortion and stillbirth were investigated by logistic regression.

Results

7,742 women were included with 9.05% and 2.47% experiencing at least one spontaneous abortion or stillbirth, respectively. Women exposed to 2, 3, and ≥ 4 ACEs were at significantly higher odds of spontaneous abortion, with adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of 1.52 (95% [CI, Confidence Interval] 1.10–2.10), 1.50 (95% CI 1.07–2.09) and 1.68 (95% CI 1.21–2.32), respectively. A significant association between ≥ 4 maternal intra-familial ACEs and stillbirth (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.12–4.42) was also revealed. Furthermore, paternal exposures to 3 and ≥ 4 overall ACEs were significantly associated with their wives’ history of spontaneous abortion, with adjusted ORs of 1.81 (95% CI 1.01–3.26) and 1.83 (95% CI 1.03–3.25), respectively.

Conclusion

Both maternal and paternal ACEs were associated with spontaneous abortion, and potential mediators might need to be considered to further explore impacts of maternal and paternal ACEs on maternal reproductive health.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
Quenby S, Gallos ID, Dhillon-Smith RK, Podesek M, Stephenson MD, Fisher J, Brosens JJ, Brewin J, Ramhorst R, Lucas ES, et al. Miscarriage matters: the epidemiological, physical, psychological, and economic costs of early pregnancy loss. Lancet. 2021;397(10285):1658–67.CrossRefPubMed
2.
De Bernis L, Kinney MV, Stones W, ten Hoope-Bender P, Vivio D, Leisher SH, Bhutta ZA, Gülmezoglu M, Mathai M, Belizán JM. Stillbirths: ending preventable deaths by 2030. Lancet. 2016;387(10019):703–16.CrossRefPubMed
3.
Lin S, Zhang Y, Jiang L, Li J, Chai J, Pei L, Shang X. Interactive effects of maternal vitamin D status and Socio-Economic Status on the risk of spontaneous abortion: evidence from Henan Province, China. Nutrients 2022, 14(2).
4.
Lawn JE, Blencowe H, Waiswa P, Amouzou A, Mathers C, Hogan D, Flenady V, Frøen JF, Qureshi ZU, Calderwood C. Stillbirths: rates, risk factors, and acceleration towards 2030. Lancet. 2016;387(10018):587–603.CrossRefPubMed
5.
Hug L, You D, Blencowe H, Mishra A, Wang Z, Fix MJ, Wakefield J, Moran AC, Gaigbe-Togbe V, Suzuki E. Global, regional, and national estimates and trends in stillbirths from 2000 to 2019: a systematic assessment. Lancet. 2021;398(10302):772–85.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
6.
7.
Miller EJ, Temple-Smith MJ, Bilardi JE. There was just no-one there to acknowledge that it happened to me as well’: a qualitative study of male partner’s experience of miscarriage. PLoS ONE. 2019;14(5):e0217395.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
8.
Robinson GE. Pregnancy loss. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2014;28(1):169–78.CrossRef
9.
Bommaraju A, Kavanaugh ML, Hou MY, Bessett D. Situating stigma in stratified reproduction: abortion stigma and miscarriage stigma as barriers to reproductive healthcare. Sex Reproductive Healthc. 2016;10:62–9.CrossRef
10.
Sanchez TE, Meaney S, O’Donoghue K. Modifiable risk factors for stillbirth: a literature review. Midwifery. 2019;79:102539.CrossRef
11.
Steele H, Bate J, Steele M, Dube SR, Danskin K, Knafo H, Nikitiades A, Bonuck K, Meissner P, Murphy A. Adverse childhood experiences, poverty, and parenting stress. Can J Behav Sci. 2016;48(1):32.CrossRef
12.
Hughes K, Bellis MA, Hardcastle KA, Sethi D, Butchart A, Mikton C, Jones L, Dunne MP. The effect of multiple adverse childhood experiences on health: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Public Health. 2017;2(8):e356–66.CrossRefPubMed
13.
Masuda A, Yamanaka T, Hirakawa T, Koga Y, Minomo R, Munemoto T, Tei C. Intra- and extra-familial adverse childhood experiences and a history of childhood psychosomatic disorders among Japanese university students. Biopsychosoc Med. 2007;1:9.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
14.
Lin L, Wang HH, Lu C, Chen W, Guo VY. Adverse childhood experiences and subsequent chronic diseases among Middle-aged or older adults in China and associations with demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. JAMA Netw open. 2021;4(10):e2130143.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
15.
Davis E, Greenberger E, Charles S, Chen C, Zhao L, Dong Q. Emotion experience and regulation in China and the United States: how do culture and gender shape emotion responding? Int J Psychology: J Int de Psychologie. 2012;47(3):230–9.CrossRef
16.
Ruiz M, Hu Y, Martikainen P, Bobak M. Life course socioeconomic position and incidence of mid-late life depression in China and England: a comparative analysis of CHARLS and ELSA. J Epidemiol Commun Health. 2019;73(9):817–24.CrossRef
17.
Li Y, Margerison-Zilko C, Strutz KL, Holzman C. Life course adversity and prior miscarriage in a pregnancy cohort. Women’s Health Issues. 2018;28(3):232–8.CrossRefPubMed
18.
Wosu AC, Gelaye B, Williams MA. Maternal history of childhood sexual abuse and preterm birth: an epidemiologic review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2015;15(1):1–9.CrossRef
19.
Gaml-Sørensen A, Brix N, Ernst A, Lunddorf LLH, Ramlau-Hansen CH. Father absence in pregnancy or during childhood and Pubertal Development in girls and boys: a Population-based Cohort Study. Child Dev. 2021;92(4):1494–508.CrossRefPubMed
20.
Romano E, Moorman J, Ressel M, Lyons J. Men with childhood sexual abuse histories: Disclosure experiences and links with mental health. Child Abuse Negl. 2019;89:212–24.CrossRefPubMed
21.
Rowell T, Neal-Barnett A. A systematic review of the effect of parental adverse childhood experiences on parenting and child psychopathology. J Child Adolesc Trauma 2021:1–14.
22.
Zhao Y, Hu Y, Smith JP, Strauss J, Yang G. Cohort profile: the China health and retirement longitudinal study (CHARLS). Int J Epidemiol. 2014;43(1):61–8.CrossRefPubMed
23.
Von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, Gøtzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP, Initiative S. The strengthening the reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. Ann Intern Med. 2007;147(8):573–7.CrossRef
24.
Demakakos P, Linara-Demakakou E, Mishra GD. Adverse childhood experiences are associated with increased risk of miscarriage in a national population-based cohort study in England. Hum Reprod (Oxford England). 2020;35(6):1451–60.CrossRef
25.
Mersky JP, Lee CP. Adverse childhood experiences and poor birth outcomes in a diverse, low-income sample. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2019;19(1):1–7.CrossRef
26.
Odendaal H, Dukes KA, Elliott AJ, Willinger M, Sullivan LM, Tripp T, Groenewald C, Myers MM, Fifer WP, Angal J, et al. Association of Prenatal Exposure to Maternal Drinking and Smoking with the risk of Stillbirth. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(8):e2121726.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
27.
Anda RF, Felitti VJ, Bremner JD, Walker JD, Whitfield C, Perry BD, Dube SR, Giles WH. The enduring effects of abuse and related adverse experiences in childhood. A convergence of evidence from neurobiology and epidemiology. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin NeuroSci. 2006;256(3):174–86.CrossRefPubMed
28.
Hillis SD, Anda RF, Dube SR, Felitti VJ, Marchbanks PA, Marks JS. The association between adverse childhood experiences and adolescent pregnancy, long-term psychosocial consequences, and fetal death. Pediatrics. 2004;113(2):320–7.CrossRefPubMed
29.
Kerkar S, Shankar A, Boynton-Jarrett R, Harville EW. Adverse childhood experiences are associated with miscarriage in adulthood: the GROWH study. Matern Child Health J. 2021;25(3):479–86.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
30.
Berens AE, Jensen SK, Nelson CA. Biological embedding of childhood adversity: from physiological mechanisms to clinical implications. BMC Med. 2017;15(1):1–12.CrossRef
31.
Racine N, Devereaux C, Cooke JE, Eirich R, Zhu J, Madigan S. Adverse childhood experiences and maternal anxiety and depression: a meta-analysis. BMC Psychiatry. 2021;21(1):28.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
32.
Abajobir AA, Kisely S, Williams G, Strathearn L, Najman JM. Risky sexual behaviors and pregnancy outcomes in young adulthood following substantiated childhood maltreatment: findings from a prospective birth cohort study. J Sex Res. 2018;55(1):106–19.CrossRefPubMed
33.
Freedman AA, Cammack AL, Temple JR, Silver RM, Dudley DJ, Stoll BJ, Varner MW, Saade GR, Conway D, Goldenberg RL. Maternal exposure to childhood maltreatment and risk of stillbirth. Ann Epidemiol. 2017;27(8):459–65. e452.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
34.
Daines CL, Hansen D, Novilla MLB, Crandall A. Effects of positive and negative childhood experiences on adult family health. BMC Public Health. 2021;21(1):1–8.CrossRef
35.
Lee KA, Sacco P, Bright CL. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), excessive alcohol use and intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration among black men: a latent class analysis. Child Abuse Negl. 2021;121:105273.CrossRefPubMed
36.
37.
Udry JR, Gaughan M, Schwingl PJ, Van Den Berg BJ. A medical record linkage analysis of abortion underreporting. Fam Plan Perspect 1996:228–31.
38.
Jones RK, Kost K. Underreporting of induced and spontaneous abortion in the United States: an analysis of the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth. Stud Fam Plann. 2007;38(3):187–97.CrossRefPubMed
39.
Breslow NE. Statistics in epidemiology: the case-control study. J Am Stat Assoc. 1996;91(433):14–28.CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
Paternal and maternal exposures to adverse childhood experiences and spontaneous fetal loss: a nationwide cross-sectional analysis
Authors
Wen Liu
Weidi Sun
Lili Yang
Yizhou Huang
Siyu Zhu
Wenhan Xiao
Siqing Cheng
Jiajun Hao
Jiayao Ying
Hanlu Chen
Ziyang Ren
Shuhui Wang
Peige Song
Publication date
01-12-2024
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Public Health / Issue 1/2024
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-18477-y

Other articles of this Issue 1/2024

BMC Public Health 1/2024 Go to the issue

Research

Assessment of the correlation between KAP scores regarding sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and hyperuricemia amongst Chinese young adults

Research

Direct benefit transfer for nutritional support of patients with TB in India—analysis of national TB program data of 3.7 million patients, 2018–2022

Research

A comparative national-level analysis of government food system resilience activities across four developed countries at varying stages of planning

Research

Human-centered participatory co-design with children and adults for a prototype lifestyle intervention and implementation strategy in a rural middle school

Research

Acceptability of self-collected vaginal samples for human papillomavirus testing for primary cervical cancer screening: comparison of face-to-face and online recruitment modes

Research

Spatiotemporal heterogeneity and long-term impact of meteorological, environmental, and socio-economic factors on scrub typhus in China from 2006 to 2018