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Open Access 01-09-2019 | Original Article

Parsing rooms: the role of the PPA and RSC in perceiving object relations and spatial layout

Authors: Merim Bilalić, Tobias Lindig, Luca Turella

Published in: Brain Structure and Function | Issue 7/2019

Abstract

The perception of a scene involves grasping the global space of the scene, usually called the spatial layout, as well as the objects in the scene and the relations between them. The main brain areas involved in scene perception, the parahippocampal place area (PPA) and retrosplenial cortex (RSC), are supposed to mostly support the processing of spatial layout. Here we manipulated the objects and their relations either by arranging objects within rooms in a common way or by scattering them randomly. The rooms were then varied for spatial layout by keeping or removing the walls of the room, a typical layout manipulation. We then combined a visual search paradigm, where participants actively search for an object within the room, with multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA). Both left and right PPA were sensitive to the layout properties, but the right PPA was also sensitive to the object relations even when the information about objects and their relations is used in the cross-categorization procedure on novel stimuli. The left and right RSC were sensitive to both spatial layout and object relations, but could only use the information about object relations for cross-categorization to novel stimuli. These effects were restricted to the PPA and RSC, as other control brain areas did not display the same pattern of results. Our results underline the importance of employing paradigms that require participants to explicitly retrieve domain-specific processes and indicate that objects and their relations are processed in the scene areas to a larger extent than previously assumed.

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The studies included attentional control (e.g., detection of repeated stimuli) but no actual domain-specific manipulation with stimuli.

One should note that our rooms did not have texture on the walls. Recent research (Lowe et al. 2016) demonstrates that the PPA is sensitive to texture and future research should take this finding into account when designing room stimuli.

The PPA split into anterior and posterior PPA confirms the trend of the anterior PPA being more responsive to the randomization factor and the posterior PPA to the layout factor, but the differences were not significant. However, we believe that the correlation represents the anterior–posterior division better than a simple division of the PPA into the anterior and posterior part because it captures the whole spectrum of the data along the anterior–posterior axis.

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Title: Parsing rooms: the role of the PPA and RSC in perceiving object relations and spatial layout
Authors: Merim Bilalić
Tobias Lindig
Luca Turella
Publication date: 01-09-2019
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Brain Structure and Function / Issue 7/2019
Print ISSN: 1863-2653
Electronic ISSN: 1863-2661
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-019-01901-0

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Parsing rooms: the role of the PPA and RSC in perceiving object relations and spatial layout

Abstract

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

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