Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

LIVE: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)
Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies
Published in: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 1/2020

01-12-2020 | Osteoarthrosis | Research article

Mitochondrial dependent pathway is involved in the protective effects of carboxymethylated chitosan on nitric oxide-induced apoptosis in chondrocytes

Authors: Bin He, Fei Wu, Xiaohai Li, Yang Liu, Li Fan, Haohuan Li

Published in: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies | Issue 1/2020

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Chondrocyte apoptosis activated by the mitochondrial dependent pathway serves a crucial role in cartilage degeneration of osteoarthritis (OA). In the present study, the protective effects of CMCS against sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced chondrocyte apoptosis were evaluated and the underlying molecular mechanisms were elucidated.

Methods

Chondrocytes were isolated from articular cartilage of SD rats and identified by type II collagen immunohistochemistry. The chondrocytes stimulated with or without SNP to induce apoptosis, were treated by CMCS for various concentrations. The cell viability were determined by MTT and LDH assays. Cell apoptotic ratio was determined by Annexin V-FITC/PI staining. Mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) was detected by using Rhodamine123 (Rho123) staining. To understand the mechanism, the mRNA expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax, cytochrome c (Cyt c) and cleaved caspase-3 were detected by real-time PCR and western blot analysis, respectively.

Results

It was shown using the MTT and LDH assays that CMCS protected the viability of chondrocyte against SNP damage. Annexin V-FITC/PI and Rho123 staining showed that CMCS not only inhibited the cell apoptosis but also restored the reduction of the ΔΨm in chondrocytes. In SNP-induced chondrocytes, CMCS down-regulated the expression of Bax, Cyt c and cleaved caspase-3 but upregulated the expression of Bcl-2, as shown by real-time PCR and western blot.

Conclusions

Taken together, these results indicated that CMCS has the protective effect on chondrocytes against SNP-induced apoptosis, at least partly, via inhibiting the mitochondrial dependent apoptotic pathway. Thus, CMCS may be potentially used as a biological agent for prevention and treatment of OA.
Literature
1.
Glyn-Jones S, Palmer AJ, Agricola R, Price AJ, Vincent TL, Weinans H, Carr AJ. Osteoarthritis Lancet. 2015;386:376–87.PubMed
2.
Young IC, Chuang ST, Hsu CH, Sun YJ, Liu HC, Chen YS, Lin FH. Protective effects of aucubin on osteoarthritic chondrocyte model induced by hydrogen peroxide and mechanical stimulus. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2017;17:91.CrossRef
3.
Prince DE, Greisberg JK. Nitric oxide-associated chondrocyte apoptosis in trauma patients after high-energy lower extremity intra-articular fractures. J Orthop Traumatol. 2015;16:335–41.CrossRef
4.
Xue H, Tu Y, Ma T, Liu X, Wen T, Cai M, Xia Z, Mei J. Lactoferrin inhibits IL-1β-induced chondrocyte apoptosis through AKT1-induced CREB1 activation. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2015;36:2456–65.CrossRef
5.
Gu Y, Chen J, Meng Z, Yao J, Ge W, Chen K, Cheng S, Fu J, Peng L, Zhao Y. Diazoxide prevents H2O2-induced chondrocyte apoptosis and cartilage degeneration in a rat model of osteoarthritis by reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017;95:1886–94.CrossRef
6.
Ossendorff R, Grad S, Stoddart MJ, Alini M, Schmal H, Südkamp N, Salzmann GM. Autologous chondrocyte implantation in osteoarthritic surroundings: TNFα and its inhibition by Adalimumab in a knee-specific bioreactor. Am J Sports Med. 2018;46:431–40.CrossRef
7.
Qiao Z, Tang J, Wu W, Tang J, Liu M. Acteoside inhibits inflammatory response via JAK/STAT signaling pathway in osteoarthritic rats. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2019;19:264.CrossRef
8.
Blanco FJ, Rego-Pérez I. Mitochondria and mitophagy: biosensors for cartilage degradation and osteoarthritis. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2018;26(8):989–91.CrossRef
9.
Shariatinia Z. Carboxymethyl chitosan: properties and biomedical applications. Int J Biol Macromol. 2018;120:1406–19.CrossRef
10.
He B, Liu SQ, Chen Q, Li HH, Ding WJ, Deng M. Carboxymethylated chitosan stimulates proliferation of Schwann cells in vitro via the activation of the ERK and Akt signaling pathways. Eur J Pharmacol. 2011;667:195–201.CrossRef
11.
Tao HY, He B, Liu SQ, Wei AL, Tao FH, Tao HL, Deng WX, Li HH, Chen Q. Effect of carboxymethylated chitosan on the biosynthesis of NGF and activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the proliferation of Schwann cells. Eur J Pharmacol. 2013;702:85–92.CrossRef
12.
He B, Tao HY, Liu SQ. Neuroprotective effects of carboxymethylated chitosan on hydrogen peroxide induced apoptosis in Schwann cells. Eur J Pharmacol. 2014;740:127–34.CrossRef
13.
He B, Wu F, Fan L, Li XH, Liu Y, Liu YJ, Ding WJ, Deng M, Zhou Y. Carboxymethylated chitosan protects Schwann cells against hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis by inhibiting oxidative stress and mitochondria dependent pathway. Eur J Pharmacol. 2018;825:48–56.CrossRef
14.
He B, Tao H, Liu S, Wei A. Protective effect of carboxymethylated chitosan on hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis in nucleus pulposus cells. Mol Med Rep. 2015;11:1629–38.CrossRef
15.
Lee SY, Wee AS, Lim CK, Abbas AA, Selvaratnam L, Merican AM, Ahmad TS, Kamarul T. Supermacroporous poly (vinyl alcohol)-carboxylmethyl chitosan-poly (ethylene glycol) scaffold: an in vitro and in vivo pre-assessments for cartilage tissue engineering. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2013;24:1561–70.CrossRef
16.
Kong Y, Zhang Y, Zhao X, Wang G, Liu Q. Carboxymethyl-chitosan attenuates inducible nitric oxide synthase and promotes interleukin-10 production in rat chondrocytes. Exp Ther Med. 2017;14:5641–6.PubMedPubMedCentral
17.
Li T, Song X, Weng C, Wang X, Gu L, Gong X, Wei Q, Duan X, Yang L, Chen C. Silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel with tunable biomechanical properties has application potential as cartilage scaffold. Int J Biol Macromol. 2019;137:382–91.CrossRef
18.
He B, Tao H, Liu S, Wei A, Pan F, Chen R, Li X. Carboxymethylated chitosan protects rat chondrocytes from NO-induced apoptosis via inhibition of the p38/MAPK signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep. 2016;13:2151–8.CrossRef
19.
He B, Tao H, Wei A, Liu S, Li X, Chen R. Protection of carboxymethylated chitosan on chondrocytes from nitric oxide-induced apoptosis by regulating phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2016;479:380–6.CrossRef
20.
Xu SY, Li SF, Ni GX. Strenuous treadmill running induces a chondrocyte phenotype in rat Achilles tendons. Med Sci Monit. 2016;22:3705–12.CrossRef
21.
Paramee S, Sookkhee S, Sakonwasun C, Na Takuathung M, Mungkornasawakul P, Nimlamool W, Potikanond S. Anti-cancer effects of Kaempferia parviflora on ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2018;18:178.CrossRef
22.
Musumeci G, Castrogiovanni P, Trovato FM, Weinberg AM, Al-Wasiyah MK, Alqahtani MH, Mobasheri A. Biomarkers of chondrocyte apoptosis and autophagy in osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci. 2015;16:20560–75.CrossRef
23.
Hwang HS, Kim HA. Chondrocyte apoptosis in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci. 2015;16:26035–54.CrossRef
24.
Scarpignato C, Lanas A, Blandizzi C, Lems WF, Hermann M, Hunt RH. International NSAID Consensus Group. Safe prescribing of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in patients with osteoarthritis--an expert consensus addressing benefits as well as gastrointestinal and cardiovascular risks. BMC Med. 2015;13:55.CrossRef
25.
Huh JE, Seo BK, Baek YH, Lee S, Lee JD, Choi DY, Park DS. Standardized butanol fraction of WIN-34B suppresses cartilage destruction via inhibited production of matrix metalloproteinase and inflammatory mediator in osteoarthritis human cartilage explants culture and chondrocytes. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2012;12:256.CrossRef
26.
Park JU, Kim SJ, Na CS, Choi CH, Seo CS, Son JK, Kang BY, Kim YR. Chondroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of ChondroT, a new complex herbal medication. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2016;16:213.CrossRef
27.
Zhao P, Cheng J, Geng J, Yang M, Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Lu B. Curcumin protects rabbit articular chondrocytes against sodium nitroprusside-induced apoptosis in vitro. Eur J Pharmacol. 2018;828:146–53.CrossRef
28.
Lin J, Wu G, Chen J, Fu C, Hong X, Li L, Liu X, Wu M. Electroacupuncture inhibits sodium nitroprusside-mediated chondrocyte apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway. Mol Med Rep. 2018;18:4922–30.PubMedPubMedCentral
29.
Charlier E, Relic B, Deroyer C, Malaise O, Neuville S, Collée J, Malaise MG, De Seny D. Insights on molecular mechanisms of chondrocytes death in osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci. 2016;17:E2146.CrossRef
30.
Wang Q, Zhang L, Yuan X, Ou Y, Zhu X, Cheng Z, Zhang P, Wu X, Meng Y, Zhang L. The relationship between the Bcl-2/Bax proteins and the mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway in the differentiation of adipose-derived stromal cells into neurons. PLoS One. 2016;11:0163327.
31.
Asokan SM, Hung TH, Li ZY, Chiang WD, Lin WT. Protein hydrolysate from potato confers hepatic-protection in hamsters against high fat diet induced apoptosis and fibrosis by suppressing Caspase-3 and MMP2/9 and by enhancing Akt-survival pathway. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2019;19:283.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Mitochondrial dependent pathway is involved in the protective effects of carboxymethylated chitosan on nitric oxide-induced apoptosis in chondrocytes
Authors
Bin He
Fei Wu
Xiaohai Li
Yang Liu
Li Fan
Haohuan Li
Publication date
01-12-2020
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies / Issue 1/2020
Electronic ISSN: 2662-7671
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-019-2808-x

Other articles of this Issue 1/2020

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 1/2020 Go to the issue

Research article

The effectiveness of Baduanjin exercise for hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Research article

Effect of ginger on the blood glucose level of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) with impaired glucose tolerance test (GTT): a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial

Research article

Online yoga to reduce post traumatic stress in women who have experienced stillbirth: a randomized control feasibility trial

Research article

Ameliorative effects of sea buckthorn oil on DNCB induced atopic dermatitis model mice via regulation the balance of Th1/Th2

Study protocol

Effect of electroacupuncture versus solifenacin for moderate and severe overactive bladder: a multi-centre, randomized controlled trial study protocol

Research article

Antimicrobial potential, phytochemical profile, cytotoxic and genotoxic screening of Sedum praealtum A. DC. (balsam)