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BMC Public Health
Published in: BMC Public Health 1/2024

Open Access 01-12-2024 | Obesity | Research

Novel subgroups of obesity and their association with outcomes: a data-driven cluster analysis

Authors: Saki Takeshita, Yuichi Nishioka, Yuko Tamaki, Fumika Kamitani, Takako Mohri, Hiroki Nakajima, Yukako Kurematsu, Sadanori Okada, Tomoya Myojin, Tatsuya Noda, Tomoaki Imamura, Yutaka Takahashi

Published in: BMC Public Health | Issue 1/2024

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Abstract

Background

Obesity is associated with various complications and decreased life expectancy, and substantial heterogeneity in complications and outcomes has been observed. However, the subgroups of obesity have not yet been clearly defined. This study aimed to identify the subgroups of obesity especially those for target of interventions by cluster analysis.

Methods

In this study, an unsupervised, data-driven cluster analysis of 9,494 individuals with obesity (body mass index ≥ 35 kg/m2) was performed using the data of ICD-10, drug, and medical procedure from the healthcare claims database. The prevalence and clinical characteristics of the complications such as diabetes in each cluster were evaluated using the prescription records. Additionally, renal and life prognoses were compared among the clusters.

Results

We identified seven clusters characterised by different combinations of complications and several complications were observed exclusively in each cluster. Notably, the poorest prognosis was observed in individuals who rarely visited a hospital after being diagnosed with obesity, followed by those with cardiovascular complications and diabetes.

Conclusions

In this study, we identified seven subgroups of individuals with obesity using population-based data-driven cluster analysis. We clearly demonstrated important target subgroups for intervention as well as a metabolically healthy obesity group.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Novel subgroups of obesity and their association with outcomes: a data-driven cluster analysis
Authors
Saki Takeshita
Yuichi Nishioka
Yuko Tamaki
Fumika Kamitani
Takako Mohri
Hiroki Nakajima
Yukako Kurematsu
Sadanori Okada
Tomoya Myojin
Tatsuya Noda
Tomoaki Imamura
Yutaka Takahashi
Publication date
01-12-2024
Publisher
BioMed Central
Keywords
Obesity
Obesity
Published in
BMC Public Health / Issue 1/2024
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-17648-1

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