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Sports Medicine - Open
Published in: Sports Medicine - Open 1/2015

Open Access 01-12-2015 | Review Article

Obesity-Related Oxidative Stress: the Impact of Physical Activity and Diet Manipulation

Authors: Chun-Jung Huang, Matthew J. McAllister, Aaron L. Slusher, Heather E. Webb, J. Thomas Mock, Edmund O. Acevedo

Published in: Sports Medicine - Open | Issue 1/2015

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Abstract

Obesity-related oxidative stress, the imbalance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants (e.g., nitric oxide), has been linked to metabolic and cardiovascular disease, including endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are essential for physiological functions including gene expression, cellular growth, infection defense, and modulating endothelial function. However, elevated ROS and/or diminished antioxidant capacity leading to oxidative stress can lead to dysfunction. Physical activity also results in an acute state of oxidative stress. However, it is likely that chronic physical activity provides a stimulus for favorable oxidative adaptations and enhanced physiological performance and physical health, although distinct responses between aerobic and anaerobic activities warrant further investigation. Studies support the benefits of dietary modification as well as exercise interventions in alleviating oxidative stress susceptibility. Since obese individuals tend to demonstrate elevated markers of oxidative stress, the implications for this population are significant. Therefore, in this review our aim is to discuss (i) the role of oxidative stress and inflammation as associated with obesity-related diseases, (ii) the potential concerns and benefits of exercise-mediated oxidative stress, and (iii) the advantageous role of dietary modification, including acute or chronic caloric restriction and vitamin D supplementation.
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Metadata
Title
Obesity-Related Oxidative Stress: the Impact of Physical Activity and Diet Manipulation
Authors
Chun-Jung Huang
Matthew J. McAllister
Aaron L. Slusher
Heather E. Webb
J. Thomas Mock
Edmund O. Acevedo
Publication date
01-12-2015
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Sports Medicine - Open / Issue 1/2015
Print ISSN: 2199-1170
Electronic ISSN: 2198-9761
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-015-0031-y

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