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Published in: Virchows Archiv 1/2021

01-01-2021 | NSCLC | Review and Perspectives

Predictive biomarkers for response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in lung cancer: PD-L1 and beyond

Authors: Hironori Uruga, Mari Mino-Kenudson

Published in: Virchows Archiv | Issue 1/2021

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Abstract

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapies, including the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) axis blockade, are considered a major oncological breakthrough of the early twenty-first century and have led to remarkable response rates and survival in a subset of patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the available therapies work only for one in five unselected, advanced NSCLC patients; thus, patient selection needs to be performed with the use of efficient biomarkers. Although imperfect, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) on tumor cells and/or immune cells has been established as a predictive biomarker for response to the PD-1 axis blockade. There remain several pre-analytical, analytical, and post-analytical issues, however, before implementing a PD-L1 IHC assay(s) in the pathology laboratory. In addition, given the lack of robust sensitivity and specificity of PD-L1 IHC for predicting response to ICIs, other biomarkers including tumor mutation burden (TMB) are under investigation. In this review, issues associated with PD-L1 IHC and TMB estimations will be discussed, and other promising biomarkers for predicting response to ICIs will be briefly introduced.
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Metadata
Title
Predictive biomarkers for response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in lung cancer: PD-L1 and beyond
Authors
Hironori Uruga
Mari Mino-Kenudson
Publication date
01-01-2021
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Virchows Archiv / Issue 1/2021
Print ISSN: 0945-6317
Electronic ISSN: 1432-2307
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00428-021-03030-8

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