Skip to main content
Top
Published in: World Journal of Urology 1/2010

01-02-2010 | Review

New therapies for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer

Authors: Edmund Chiong, Kesavan Esuvaranathan

Published in: World Journal of Urology | Issue 1/2010

Login to get access

Abstract

The treatment of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) remains a challenge owing to its increased tendency to recur and the possibility of progression to potentially dangerous muscle-invasive disease. Treatment outcomes by current therapeutic modalities are still not optimal. In recent years, there have been a number of substantive advances in the therapeutic options for the management of NMIBC. New chemotherapeutic drugs have been introduced, along with efforts made to improve the efficacy of existing agents and enhance delivery of agents to the bladder. There is also a growing trend toward combination of agents and multimodal therapy. Also of considerable interest are the investigation of newer approaches such as gene therapy, chemoenhancement and newer forms of immunotherapy. Here, we review the recent pre-clinical and clinical developments in the treatment of NMIBC, described in the broad categories of immunotherapy, chemotherapeutic agents, improved or device-assisted agent delivery and gene therapy.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Heney NM, Ahmed S, Flanagan MJ, Frable W, Corder MP, Hafermann MD et al (1983) Superficial bladder cancer: progression and recurrence. J Urol 130:1083–1086PubMed Heney NM, Ahmed S, Flanagan MJ, Frable W, Corder MP, Hafermann MD et al (1983) Superficial bladder cancer: progression and recurrence. J Urol 130:1083–1086PubMed
2.
go back to reference Botteman MF, Pashos CL, Redaelli A, Laskin B, Hauser R (2003) The health economics of bladder cancer: a comprehensive review of the published literature. Pharmacoeconomics 21:1315–1330CrossRefPubMed Botteman MF, Pashos CL, Redaelli A, Laskin B, Hauser R (2003) The health economics of bladder cancer: a comprehensive review of the published literature. Pharmacoeconomics 21:1315–1330CrossRefPubMed
3.
go back to reference Sylvester RJ, van der Meijden APM, Lamm DL (2002) Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin reduces the risk of progression in patients with superficial bladder cancer: a meta-analysis of the published results of randomized clinical trials. J Urol 168:1964–1970CrossRefPubMed Sylvester RJ, van der Meijden APM, Lamm DL (2002) Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin reduces the risk of progression in patients with superficial bladder cancer: a meta-analysis of the published results of randomized clinical trials. J Urol 168:1964–1970CrossRefPubMed
4.
go back to reference Witjes JA (2006) Management of BCG failures in superficial bladder cancer: a review. Eur Urol 49(5):790–797CrossRefPubMed Witjes JA (2006) Management of BCG failures in superficial bladder cancer: a review. Eur Urol 49(5):790–797CrossRefPubMed
5.
go back to reference Lamm D, Riggs D, Traynelis C, Nseyo U (1995) Apparent failure of current intravesical chemotherapy prophylaxis to influence the long-term course of superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. J Urol 153:1444–1450CrossRefPubMed Lamm D, Riggs D, Traynelis C, Nseyo U (1995) Apparent failure of current intravesical chemotherapy prophylaxis to influence the long-term course of superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. J Urol 153:1444–1450CrossRefPubMed
6.
go back to reference Morales A (2008) Evolution of intravesical immunotherapy for bladder cancer: mycobacterial cell wall preparation as a promising agent. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 17(7):1067–1073CrossRefPubMed Morales A (2008) Evolution of intravesical immunotherapy for bladder cancer: mycobacterial cell wall preparation as a promising agent. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 17(7):1067–1073CrossRefPubMed
7.
go back to reference Morales A, Chin J, Ramsey EW (2001) Mycobacterial cell wall extract in the treatment of carcinoma in situ of the bladder. J Urol 166:1633–1636CrossRefPubMed Morales A, Chin J, Ramsey EW (2001) Mycobacterial cell wall extract in the treatment of carcinoma in situ of the bladder. J Urol 166:1633–1636CrossRefPubMed
8.
go back to reference Takahashi T, Kushiro A, Nomoto K, Uchida K, Morotomi M, Yokokura T et al (2001) Antitumor effects of the intravesical instillation of heat killed cells of the Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota on the murine orthotopic bladder tumor MBT-2. J Urol 166:2506 Takahashi T, Kushiro A, Nomoto K, Uchida K, Morotomi M, Yokokura T et al (2001) Antitumor effects of the intravesical instillation of heat killed cells of the Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota on the murine orthotopic bladder tumor MBT-2. J Urol 166:2506
9.
go back to reference Seow SW, Rahmat JN, Mohamed AA, Mahendran R, Lee YK, Bay BH (2002) Lactobacillus species is more cytotoxic to human bladder cancer cells than Mycobacterium Bovis (bacillus Calmette-Guerin). J Urol 168(5):2236–2239CrossRefPubMed Seow SW, Rahmat JN, Mohamed AA, Mahendran R, Lee YK, Bay BH (2002) Lactobacillus species is more cytotoxic to human bladder cancer cells than Mycobacterium Bovis (bacillus Calmette-Guerin). J Urol 168(5):2236–2239CrossRefPubMed
10.
go back to reference Naito S, Koga H, Yamaguchi A, Fujimoto N, Hasui Y, Kuramoto H et al (2008) Prevention of recurrence with epirubicin and lactobacillus casei after transurethral resection of bladder cancer. J Urol 179:485–490CrossRefPubMed Naito S, Koga H, Yamaguchi A, Fujimoto N, Hasui Y, Kuramoto H et al (2008) Prevention of recurrence with epirubicin and lactobacillus casei after transurethral resection of bladder cancer. J Urol 179:485–490CrossRefPubMed
11.
go back to reference Nepple KG, Aubert HA, Braasch MR, O’Donnell MA (2009) Combination of BCG and interferon intravesical immunotherapy: an update. World J Urol 27(3):343–346CrossRefPubMed Nepple KG, Aubert HA, Braasch MR, O’Donnell MA (2009) Combination of BCG and interferon intravesical immunotherapy: an update. World J Urol 27(3):343–346CrossRefPubMed
12.
go back to reference Joudi FN, Smith BJ, O’Donnell MA, National BCG-Interferon Phase 2 Investigator Group (2006) Final results from a national multicenter phase II trial of combination bacillus Calmette-Guérin plus interferon alpha-2B for reducing recurrence of superficial bladder cancer. Urol Oncol 24(4):344–348PubMed Joudi FN, Smith BJ, O’Donnell MA, National BCG-Interferon Phase 2 Investigator Group (2006) Final results from a national multicenter phase II trial of combination bacillus Calmette-Guérin plus interferon alpha-2B for reducing recurrence of superficial bladder cancer. Urol Oncol 24(4):344–348PubMed
13.
go back to reference Esuvaranathan K, Cheng WS, Chia SJ, Ng FC, Mahendran R, The Bladder Cancer Workgroup (2004). A five-year data of a randomized controlled trial of standard dose BCG versus low dose BCG and interferon alpha in patients with superficial bladder cancer. J Urol (Suppl) 171(4):73 (Abstract) Esuvaranathan K, Cheng WS, Chia SJ, Ng FC, Mahendran R, The Bladder Cancer Workgroup (2004). A five-year data of a randomized controlled trial of standard dose BCG versus low dose BCG and interferon alpha in patients with superficial bladder cancer. J Urol (Suppl) 171(4):73 (Abstract)
14.
go back to reference Lee CF, Chang SY, Hsieh DS, Yu DS (2004) Immunotherapy for bladder cancer using recombinant bacillus Calmette-Guerin DNA vaccines and interleukin-12 DNA vaccine. J Urol 171(3):1343–1347CrossRefPubMed Lee CF, Chang SY, Hsieh DS, Yu DS (2004) Immunotherapy for bladder cancer using recombinant bacillus Calmette-Guerin DNA vaccines and interleukin-12 DNA vaccine. J Urol 171(3):1343–1347CrossRefPubMed
15.
go back to reference Dalbagni G, Russo P, Sheinfeld J, Mazumdar M, Tong W, Rabbani F et al (2002) Phase I trial of intravesical gemcitabine in bacillus Calmette-Guerin-refractory transitional-cell carcinoma of the bladder. J Clin Oncol 20:3193–3198CrossRefPubMed Dalbagni G, Russo P, Sheinfeld J, Mazumdar M, Tong W, Rabbani F et al (2002) Phase I trial of intravesical gemcitabine in bacillus Calmette-Guerin-refractory transitional-cell carcinoma of the bladder. J Clin Oncol 20:3193–3198CrossRefPubMed
16.
go back to reference Laufer M, Ramalingam S, Schoenberg MP, Haisfield-Wolf ME, Zuhowski EG, Trueheart IN et al (2003) Intravesical gemcitabine therapy for superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: a phase I and pharmacokinetic study. J Clin Oncol 21:697–703CrossRefPubMed Laufer M, Ramalingam S, Schoenberg MP, Haisfield-Wolf ME, Zuhowski EG, Trueheart IN et al (2003) Intravesical gemcitabine therapy for superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: a phase I and pharmacokinetic study. J Clin Oncol 21:697–703CrossRefPubMed
17.
go back to reference Witjes JA, van der Heijden AG, Vriesema JL, Peters GJ, Laan A, Schalken JA (2004) Intravesical gemcitabine: a phase 1 and pharmacokinetic study. Eur Urol 45:182–186CrossRefPubMed Witjes JA, van der Heijden AG, Vriesema JL, Peters GJ, Laan A, Schalken JA (2004) Intravesical gemcitabine: a phase 1 and pharmacokinetic study. Eur Urol 45:182–186CrossRefPubMed
18.
go back to reference De Berardinis E, Antonini G, Peters GJ, Loves WJ, Van Der Born K, Codacci-Pisanelli G et al (2004) Intravesical administration of gemcitabine in superficial bladder cancer: a phase I study with pharmacodynamic evaluation. BJU Int 93:491–494CrossRefPubMed De Berardinis E, Antonini G, Peters GJ, Loves WJ, Van Der Born K, Codacci-Pisanelli G et al (2004) Intravesical administration of gemcitabine in superficial bladder cancer: a phase I study with pharmacodynamic evaluation. BJU Int 93:491–494CrossRefPubMed
19.
go back to reference Gontero P, Casetta G, Maso G, Sogni F, Pretti G, Zitella A et al (2004) Phase II study to investigate the ablative efficacy of intravesical administration of gemcitabine in intermediate-risk superficial bladder cancer (SBC). Eur Urol 46:339–343CrossRefPubMed Gontero P, Casetta G, Maso G, Sogni F, Pretti G, Zitella A et al (2004) Phase II study to investigate the ablative efficacy of intravesical administration of gemcitabine in intermediate-risk superficial bladder cancer (SBC). Eur Urol 46:339–343CrossRefPubMed
20.
go back to reference Serretta V, Galuffo A, Pavone C, Allegro R, Pavone-MacAluso M (2005) Gemcitabine in intravesical treatment of Ta-T1 transitional cell carcinoma of bladder: phase I-II study on marker lesions. Urology 65:65–69CrossRefPubMed Serretta V, Galuffo A, Pavone C, Allegro R, Pavone-MacAluso M (2005) Gemcitabine in intravesical treatment of Ta-T1 transitional cell carcinoma of bladder: phase I-II study on marker lesions. Urology 65:65–69CrossRefPubMed
21.
go back to reference Dalbagni G, Russo P, Sheinfeld J, Mazumdar M, Tong W, Rabbani F et al (2002) Phase I trial of intravesical gemcitabine in bacillus Calmette-Guérin-refractory transitional-cell carcinoma of the bladder. J Clin Oncol 20(15):3193–3198CrossRefPubMed Dalbagni G, Russo P, Sheinfeld J, Mazumdar M, Tong W, Rabbani F et al (2002) Phase I trial of intravesical gemcitabine in bacillus Calmette-Guérin-refractory transitional-cell carcinoma of the bladder. J Clin Oncol 20(15):3193–3198CrossRefPubMed
22.
go back to reference Rangel C, Niell H, Miller A, Cox C (1994) Taxol and taxotere in bladder cancer: in vitro activity and urine stability. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 33:460–464CrossRefPubMed Rangel C, Niell H, Miller A, Cox C (1994) Taxol and taxotere in bladder cancer: in vitro activity and urine stability. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 33:460–464CrossRefPubMed
23.
go back to reference Nativ O, Aronson M, Medalia O, Moldavsky T, Sabo E, Ringel I et al (1997) Anti-neoplastic activity of paclitaxel on experimental superficial bladder cancer: in vivo and in vitro studies. Int J Cancer 70:297–301CrossRefPubMed Nativ O, Aronson M, Medalia O, Moldavsky T, Sabo E, Ringel I et al (1997) Anti-neoplastic activity of paclitaxel on experimental superficial bladder cancer: in vivo and in vitro studies. Int J Cancer 70:297–301CrossRefPubMed
24.
go back to reference McKiernan JM, Masson P, Murphy AM, Goetzl M, Olsson CA, Petrylak DP et al (2006) Phase I trial of intravesical docetaxel in the management of superficial bladder cancer refractory to standard intravesical therapy. J Clin Oncol 24(19):3075–3080CrossRefPubMed McKiernan JM, Masson P, Murphy AM, Goetzl M, Olsson CA, Petrylak DP et al (2006) Phase I trial of intravesical docetaxel in the management of superficial bladder cancer refractory to standard intravesical therapy. J Clin Oncol 24(19):3075–3080CrossRefPubMed
25.
go back to reference Le Visage C, Rioux-Leclercq N, Haller M, Breton P, Malavaud B, Leong K (2004) Efficacy of paclitaxel released from bio-adhesive polymer microspheres on model superficial bladder cancer. J Urol 171:1324–1329CrossRefPubMed Le Visage C, Rioux-Leclercq N, Haller M, Breton P, Malavaud B, Leong K (2004) Efficacy of paclitaxel released from bio-adhesive polymer microspheres on model superficial bladder cancer. J Urol 171:1324–1329CrossRefPubMed
26.
go back to reference Lu Z, Yeh TK, Tsai M, Au JL, Wientjes MG (2004) Paclitaxel-loaded gelatin nanoparticles for intravesical bladder cancer therapy. Clin Cancer Res 10(22):7677–7684CrossRefPubMed Lu Z, Yeh TK, Tsai M, Au JL, Wientjes MG (2004) Paclitaxel-loaded gelatin nanoparticles for intravesical bladder cancer therapy. Clin Cancer Res 10(22):7677–7684CrossRefPubMed
27.
go back to reference Mugabe C, Hadaschik BA, Kainthan RK, Brooks DE, So AI, Gleave ME et al (2008) Paclitaxel incorporated in hydrophobically derivatized hyperbranched polyglycerols for intravesical bladder cancer therapy. BJU Int 103:978–986 (Epub ahead of print) Mugabe C, Hadaschik BA, Kainthan RK, Brooks DE, So AI, Gleave ME et al (2008) Paclitaxel incorporated in hydrophobically derivatized hyperbranched polyglycerols for intravesical bladder cancer therapy. BJU Int 103:978–986 (Epub ahead of print)
28.
go back to reference Walther MM, Figg WD, Linehan WM (1996) Intravesical suramin: a novel agent for the treatment of superficial transitional-cell carcinoma of the bladder. World J Urol 14(Suppl 1):8–11 Walther MM, Figg WD, Linehan WM (1996) Intravesical suramin: a novel agent for the treatment of superficial transitional-cell carcinoma of the bladder. World J Urol 14(Suppl 1):8–11
29.
go back to reference Xin Y, Lyness G, Chen D, Song S, Wientjes MG, Au JL (2005) Low dose suramin as a chemosensitizer of bladder cancer to mitomycin C. J Urol 174(1):322–327CrossRefPubMed Xin Y, Lyness G, Chen D, Song S, Wientjes MG, Au JL (2005) Low dose suramin as a chemosensitizer of bladder cancer to mitomycin C. J Urol 174(1):322–327CrossRefPubMed
30.
go back to reference Ord JJ, Streeter E, Jones A, Le Monnier K, Cranston D, Crew J et al (2005) Phase I trial of intravesical suramin in recurrent superficial transitional cell bladder carcinoma. Br J Cancer 92:2140–2147CrossRefPubMed Ord JJ, Streeter E, Jones A, Le Monnier K, Cranston D, Crew J et al (2005) Phase I trial of intravesical suramin in recurrent superficial transitional cell bladder carcinoma. Br J Cancer 92:2140–2147CrossRefPubMed
31.
go back to reference Uchio EM, Linehan WM, Figg WD, Walther MM (2003) A phase I study of intravesical suramin for the treatment of superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. J Urol 169:357–360CrossRefPubMed Uchio EM, Linehan WM, Figg WD, Walther MM (2003) A phase I study of intravesical suramin for the treatment of superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. J Urol 169:357–360CrossRefPubMed
32.
go back to reference Harris NM, Anderson WR, Lwaleed BA, Cooper AJ, Birch BR, Solomon LZ (2003) Epirubicin and meglumine gamma-linolenic acid: a logical choice of combination therapy for patients with superficial bladder carcinoma. Cancer 97(1):71–78CrossRefPubMed Harris NM, Anderson WR, Lwaleed BA, Cooper AJ, Birch BR, Solomon LZ (2003) Epirubicin and meglumine gamma-linolenic acid: a logical choice of combination therapy for patients with superficial bladder carcinoma. Cancer 97(1):71–78CrossRefPubMed
33.
go back to reference Crook T, Hall S, Solomon L, Bass P, Cooper A, Birch B (2000) Intravesical meglumine gamma-linolenic acid. Phase I tolerability study in patients undergoing cystectomy. UroOncology 1:39–42 Crook T, Hall S, Solomon L, Bass P, Cooper A, Birch B (2000) Intravesical meglumine gamma-linolenic acid. Phase I tolerability study in patients undergoing cystectomy. UroOncology 1:39–42
34.
go back to reference Harris NM, Crook TJ, Dyer JP, Solomon LZ, Bass P, Cooper AJ et al (2002) Intravesical meglumine gamma-linolenic acid in superficial bladder cancer: an efficacy study. Eur Urol 42(1):39–42CrossRefPubMed Harris NM, Crook TJ, Dyer JP, Solomon LZ, Bass P, Cooper AJ et al (2002) Intravesical meglumine gamma-linolenic acid in superficial bladder cancer: an efficacy study. Eur Urol 42(1):39–42CrossRefPubMed
35.
go back to reference van der Heijden AG, Moonen PM, Cornel EB, Vergunst H, de Reijke TM, van Boven E et al (2006) Phase II marker lesion study with intravesical instillation of apaziquone for superficial bladder cancer: toxicity and marker response. J Urol 176:1349–1353CrossRefPubMed van der Heijden AG, Moonen PM, Cornel EB, Vergunst H, de Reijke TM, van Boven E et al (2006) Phase II marker lesion study with intravesical instillation of apaziquone for superficial bladder cancer: toxicity and marker response. J Urol 176:1349–1353CrossRefPubMed
36.
go back to reference Li D, Gan Y, Wientjes MG, Badalament RA, Au JL (2001) Distribution of DT-diaphorase and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate: cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase in bladder tissues and tumors. J Urol 166:2500–2505CrossRefPubMed Li D, Gan Y, Wientjes MG, Badalament RA, Au JL (2001) Distribution of DT-diaphorase and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate: cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase in bladder tissues and tumors. J Urol 166:2500–2505CrossRefPubMed
37.
go back to reference van der Heijden AG, Verhaegh G, Jansen CF, Schalken JA, Witjes JA (2005) Effect of hyperthermia on the cytotoxicity of 4 chemotherapeutic agents currently used for the treatment of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: an in vitro study. J Urol 173:1375–1380CrossRefPubMed van der Heijden AG, Verhaegh G, Jansen CF, Schalken JA, Witjes JA (2005) Effect of hyperthermia on the cytotoxicity of 4 chemotherapeutic agents currently used for the treatment of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: an in vitro study. J Urol 173:1375–1380CrossRefPubMed
38.
go back to reference Colombo R, Da Pozzo LF, Salonia A, Rigatti P, Leib Z, Baniel J et al (2003) Multicentric study comparing intravesical chemotherapy alone and with local microwave hyperthermia for prophylaxis of recurrence of superficial transitional cell carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 21:4270–4276CrossRefPubMed Colombo R, Da Pozzo LF, Salonia A, Rigatti P, Leib Z, Baniel J et al (2003) Multicentric study comparing intravesical chemotherapy alone and with local microwave hyperthermia for prophylaxis of recurrence of superficial transitional cell carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 21:4270–4276CrossRefPubMed
39.
go back to reference Gofrit ON, Shapiro A, Pode D, Sidi A, Nativ O, Leib Z et al (2004) Combined local bladder hyperthermia and intravesical chemotherapy for treatment of high-grade superficial bladder cancer. Urology 63:466–471CrossRefPubMed Gofrit ON, Shapiro A, Pode D, Sidi A, Nativ O, Leib Z et al (2004) Combined local bladder hyperthermia and intravesical chemotherapy for treatment of high-grade superficial bladder cancer. Urology 63:466–471CrossRefPubMed
40.
go back to reference van der Heijden AG, Kiemeney LA, Gofrit ON, Nativ O, Sidi A, Leib Z et al (2004) Preliminary European results of local microwave hyperthermia and chemotherapy treatment in intermediate or high risk superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Eur Urol 46:65–72CrossRefPubMed van der Heijden AG, Kiemeney LA, Gofrit ON, Nativ O, Sidi A, Leib Z et al (2004) Preliminary European results of local microwave hyperthermia and chemotherapy treatment in intermediate or high risk superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Eur Urol 46:65–72CrossRefPubMed
41.
go back to reference Witjes JA, Hendricksen K, Gofrit O, Risi O, Nativ O (2007) Intravesical hyperthermia and mitomycin-C for (BCG refractory) carcinoma in situ of the urinary bladder. Eur Urol Suppl 6:60 (Abstract) Witjes JA, Hendricksen K, Gofrit O, Risi O, Nativ O (2007) Intravesical hyperthermia and mitomycin-C for (BCG refractory) carcinoma in situ of the urinary bladder. Eur Urol Suppl 6:60 (Abstract)
42.
go back to reference Colombo R, Brausi M, Da Pozzo L, Salonia A, Montorsi F, Scattoni V et al (2001) Thermo-chemotherapy and electromotive drug administration of mitomycin C in superficial bladder cancer eradication, a pilot study on marker lesion. Eur Urol 39:95–100CrossRefPubMed Colombo R, Brausi M, Da Pozzo L, Salonia A, Montorsi F, Scattoni V et al (2001) Thermo-chemotherapy and electromotive drug administration of mitomycin C in superficial bladder cancer eradication, a pilot study on marker lesion. Eur Urol 39:95–100CrossRefPubMed
43.
go back to reference Di Stasi SM, Giannantoni A, Stephen RL, Capelli G, Navarra P, Massoud R et al (2003) Intravesical electromotive mitomycin C versus passive transport mitomycin C for high risk superficial bladder cancer: a prospective randomized study. J Urol 170:777–782CrossRefPubMed Di Stasi SM, Giannantoni A, Stephen RL, Capelli G, Navarra P, Massoud R et al (2003) Intravesical electromotive mitomycin C versus passive transport mitomycin C for high risk superficial bladder cancer: a prospective randomized study. J Urol 170:777–782CrossRefPubMed
44.
go back to reference Di Stasi SM, Giannantoni A, Giurioli A, Valenti M, Zampa G, Storti L et al (2006) Sequential BCG and electromotive mitomycin versus BCG alone for high-risk superficial bladder cancer: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncol 7:43–51CrossRefPubMed Di Stasi SM, Giannantoni A, Giurioli A, Valenti M, Zampa G, Storti L et al (2006) Sequential BCG and electromotive mitomycin versus BCG alone for high-risk superficial bladder cancer: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncol 7:43–51CrossRefPubMed
45.
go back to reference Berger AP, Steiner H, Stenzl A, Akkad T, Bartsch G, Holtl L (2003) Photodynamic therapy with intravesical instillation of 5-aminolevulinic acid for patients with recurrent superficial bladder cancer: a single-center study. Urology 61:338–341CrossRefPubMed Berger AP, Steiner H, Stenzl A, Akkad T, Bartsch G, Holtl L (2003) Photodynamic therapy with intravesical instillation of 5-aminolevulinic acid for patients with recurrent superficial bladder cancer: a single-center study. Urology 61:338–341CrossRefPubMed
46.
go back to reference Manyak MJ, Ogan K (2003) Photodynamic therapy for refractory superficial bladder cancer: long-term clinical outcomes of single treatment using intravesical diffusion medium. J Endourol 17:633–639CrossRefPubMed Manyak MJ, Ogan K (2003) Photodynamic therapy for refractory superficial bladder cancer: long-term clinical outcomes of single treatment using intravesical diffusion medium. J Endourol 17:633–639CrossRefPubMed
47.
go back to reference Kamuhabwa AA, Roskams T, D’Hallewin MA, Baert L, Van Poppel H, de Witte PA (2003) Whole bladder wall photodynamic therapy of transitional cell carcinoma rat bladder tumors using intravesically administered hypericin. Int J Cancer 107:460–467CrossRefPubMed Kamuhabwa AA, Roskams T, D’Hallewin MA, Baert L, Van Poppel H, de Witte PA (2003) Whole bladder wall photodynamic therapy of transitional cell carcinoma rat bladder tumors using intravesically administered hypericin. Int J Cancer 107:460–467CrossRefPubMed
48.
go back to reference Asanuma H, Arai T, Morimoto Y, Kawauchi S, Satoh H, Seguchi K et al (2005) Photodynamic therapy with PAD-S31, a new hydrophilic chlorin photosensitizer, in an orthotopic rat bladder tumor model. J Urol 174:2016–2021CrossRefPubMed Asanuma H, Arai T, Morimoto Y, Kawauchi S, Satoh H, Seguchi K et al (2005) Photodynamic therapy with PAD-S31, a new hydrophilic chlorin photosensitizer, in an orthotopic rat bladder tumor model. J Urol 174:2016–2021CrossRefPubMed
49.
go back to reference Leakakos T, Ji C, Lawson G, Peterson C, Goodwin S (2003) Intravesical administration of doxorubicin to swine bladder using magnetically targeted carriers. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 51(6):445–450PubMed Leakakos T, Ji C, Lawson G, Peterson C, Goodwin S (2003) Intravesical administration of doxorubicin to swine bladder using magnetically targeted carriers. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 51(6):445–450PubMed
50.
go back to reference Miyake H, Hara I, Fujisaw M, Gleave ME (2005) Antisense oligodeoxynucleotide therapy for bladder cancer: recent advances and future prospects. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 5(6):1001–1009CrossRefPubMed Miyake H, Hara I, Fujisaw M, Gleave ME (2005) Antisense oligodeoxynucleotide therapy for bladder cancer: recent advances and future prospects. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 5(6):1001–1009CrossRefPubMed
51.
go back to reference Fuessel S, Meye A, Kraemer K, Kunze D, Hakenberg OW, Wirth MP (2007) Synthetic nucleic acids as potential therapeutic tools for treatment of bladder carcinoma. Eur Urol 51(2):315–326CrossRefPubMed Fuessel S, Meye A, Kraemer K, Kunze D, Hakenberg OW, Wirth MP (2007) Synthetic nucleic acids as potential therapeutic tools for treatment of bladder carcinoma. Eur Urol 51(2):315–326CrossRefPubMed
52.
go back to reference Kunze D, Wuttig D, Kausch I, Blietz C, Blumhoff L, Burmeister Y et al (2008) Antisense-mediated inhibition of survivin, hTERT and VEGF in bladder cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Int J Oncol 32(5):1049–1056PubMed Kunze D, Wuttig D, Kausch I, Blietz C, Blumhoff L, Burmeister Y et al (2008) Antisense-mediated inhibition of survivin, hTERT and VEGF in bladder cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Int J Oncol 32(5):1049–1056PubMed
53.
go back to reference Kamada M, So A, Muramaki M, Rocchi P, Beraldi E, Gleave M (2007) Hsp27 knockdown using nucleotide-based therapies inhibit tumor growth and enhance chemotherapy in human bladder cancer cells. Mol Cancer Ther 6(1):299–308CrossRefPubMed Kamada M, So A, Muramaki M, Rocchi P, Beraldi E, Gleave M (2007) Hsp27 knockdown using nucleotide-based therapies inhibit tumor growth and enhance chemotherapy in human bladder cancer cells. Mol Cancer Ther 6(1):299–308CrossRefPubMed
54.
go back to reference Bolenz C, Becker A, Trojan L, Schaaf A, Cao Y, Weiss C et al (2007) Optimizing chemotherapy for transitional cell carcinoma by application of bcl-2 and bcl-xL antisense oligodeoxynucleotides. Urol Oncol 25(6):476–482PubMed Bolenz C, Becker A, Trojan L, Schaaf A, Cao Y, Weiss C et al (2007) Optimizing chemotherapy for transitional cell carcinoma by application of bcl-2 and bcl-xL antisense oligodeoxynucleotides. Urol Oncol 25(6):476–482PubMed
55.
go back to reference Loskog AS, Fransson ME, Totterman TT (2005) AdCD40L gene therapy counteracts T regulatory cells and cures aggressive tumors in an orthotopic bladder cancer model. Clin Cancer Res 11(24 Pt 1):8816–8821CrossRefPubMed Loskog AS, Fransson ME, Totterman TT (2005) AdCD40L gene therapy counteracts T regulatory cells and cures aggressive tumors in an orthotopic bladder cancer model. Clin Cancer Res 11(24 Pt 1):8816–8821CrossRefPubMed
56.
go back to reference Connor RJ, Anderson JM, Machemer T, Maneval DC, Engler H (2005) Sustained intravesical interferon protein exposure is achieved using an adenoviral-mediated gene delivery system: a study in rats evaluating dosing regimens. Urology 66(1):224–229CrossRefPubMed Connor RJ, Anderson JM, Machemer T, Maneval DC, Engler H (2005) Sustained intravesical interferon protein exposure is achieved using an adenoviral-mediated gene delivery system: a study in rats evaluating dosing regimens. Urology 66(1):224–229CrossRefPubMed
57.
go back to reference Tao Z, Connor RJ, Ashoori F, Dinney CP, Munsell M, Philopena JA et al (2006) Efficacy of a single intravesical treatment with Ad-IFN/Syn 3 is dependent on dose and urine IFN concentration obtained: implications for clinical investigation. Cancer Gene Ther 13(2):125–130CrossRefPubMed Tao Z, Connor RJ, Ashoori F, Dinney CP, Munsell M, Philopena JA et al (2006) Efficacy of a single intravesical treatment with Ad-IFN/Syn 3 is dependent on dose and urine IFN concentration obtained: implications for clinical investigation. Cancer Gene Ther 13(2):125–130CrossRefPubMed
58.
go back to reference Wu Q, Mahendran R, Esuvaranathan K (2003) Nonviral cytokine gene therapy on an orthotopic bladder cancer model. Clin Cancer Res 9(12):4522–4528PubMed Wu Q, Mahendran R, Esuvaranathan K (2003) Nonviral cytokine gene therapy on an orthotopic bladder cancer model. Clin Cancer Res 9(12):4522–4528PubMed
59.
go back to reference Nogawa M, Yuasa T, Kimura S, Tanaka M, Kuroda J, Sato K et al (2005) Intravesical administration of small interfering RNA targeting PLK-1 successfully prevents the growth of bladder cancer. J Clin Invest 115(4):978–985PubMed Nogawa M, Yuasa T, Kimura S, Tanaka M, Kuroda J, Sato K et al (2005) Intravesical administration of small interfering RNA targeting PLK-1 successfully prevents the growth of bladder cancer. J Clin Invest 115(4):978–985PubMed
60.
go back to reference Sidi AA, Ohana P, Benjamin S, Shalev M, Ransom JH, Lamm D et al (2008) Phase I/II marker lesion study of intravesical BC-819 DNA plasmid in H19 over expressing superficial bladder cancer refractory to bacillus Calmette-Guerin. J Urol 180(6):2379–2383CrossRefPubMed Sidi AA, Ohana P, Benjamin S, Shalev M, Ransom JH, Lamm D et al (2008) Phase I/II marker lesion study of intravesical BC-819 DNA plasmid in H19 over expressing superficial bladder cancer refractory to bacillus Calmette-Guerin. J Urol 180(6):2379–2383CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
New therapies for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Authors
Edmund Chiong
Kesavan Esuvaranathan
Publication date
01-02-2010
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
World Journal of Urology / Issue 1/2010
Print ISSN: 0724-4983
Electronic ISSN: 1433-8726
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-009-0474-1

Other articles of this Issue 1/2010

World Journal of Urology 1/2010 Go to the issue