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Open Access 12-03-2024 | Neuroendocrine Tumor | Review

Molecular Classification of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Are We Ready for That?

Author: Silvia Uccella

Abstract

In the last two decades, the increasing availability of technologies for molecular analyses has allowed an insight in the genomic alterations of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) of the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas. This knowledge has confirmed, supported, and informed the pathological classification of NEN, clarifying the differences between neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC) and neuroendocrine tumors (NET) and helping to define the G3 NET category. At the same time, the identification genomic alterations, in terms of gene mutation, structural abnormalities, and epigenetic changes differentially involved in the pathogenesis of NEC and NET has identified potential molecular targets for precision therapy. This review critically recapitulates the available molecular features of digestive NEC and NET, highlighting their correlates with pathological aspects and clinical characteristics of these neoplasms and revising their role as predictive biomarkers for targeted therapy. In this context, the feasibility and applicability of a molecular classification of gastrointestinal and pancreatic NEN will be explored.

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Title: Molecular Classification of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Are We Ready for That?
Author: Silvia Uccella
Publication date: 12-03-2024
Publisher: Springer US
Keyword: Neuroendocrine Tumor
Published in: Endocrine Pathology
Print ISSN: 1046-3976
Electronic ISSN: 1559-0097
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12022-024-09807-2

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Illustration of figure on mountain summit/© Orapun / Stock.adobe.com, STEP AAG HeroTeaserCollection image/© Tarek / Generated with AI / Stock.adobe.com, ACC 2024 Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, ACC 2024 Pulmonary Vascular Disease: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, ACC 2024 Valvular Heart Disease: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, ACC 2024 HF and Cardiomyopathies: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, Woman out walking/© Seventyfour / stock.adobe.com (symbolic image with model), Woman checking smartwatch /© saltdium / stock.adobe.com (symbolic image with model), Cardiac catheterization/© Damian / stock.adobe.com