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Current Gastroenterology Reports
Published in: Current Gastroenterology Reports 5/2017

01-05-2017 | Inflammatory Bowel Disease (S Hanauer, Section Editor)

Modifiable Environmental Factors in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Authors: Kristin E. Burke, Christine Boumitri, Ashwin N. Ananthakrishnan

Published in: Current Gastroenterology Reports | Issue 5/2017

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Environmental factors may influence predisposition to develop inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis) or alter its natural history by modification of both the host immune response and intestinal microbial composition. The purpose of this review is to translate such evidence into clinical practice by a focus on interventional studies that have modified such environmental influences to improve disease outcomes.

Recent Findings

Several environmental influences have been identified in the recent literature including tobacco use, diet, antibiotics, vitamin D deficiency, stress, appendectomy, and oral contraceptive use. Some risk factors have similar influences on both Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis while others are disease-specific or have divergent effects.

Summary

Emerging epidemiologic evidence has confirmed the association of many of these factors with incident disease using prospective data. In addition, laboratory data has supported their mechanistic plausibility and relevance to intestinal inflammation.
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Metadata
Title
Modifiable Environmental Factors in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors
Kristin E. Burke
Christine Boumitri
Ashwin N. Ananthakrishnan
Publication date
01-05-2017
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Gastroenterology Reports / Issue 5/2017
Print ISSN: 1522-8037
Electronic ISSN: 1534-312X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11894-017-0562-0

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