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Diabetologia
Published in: Diabetologia 3/2017

01-03-2017 | Article

Moderate exercise ameliorates dysregulated hippocampal glycometabolism and memory function in a rat model of type 2 diabetes

Authors: Takeru Shima, Takashi Matsui, Subrina Jesmin, Masahiro Okamoto, Mariko Soya, Koshiro Inoue, Yu-Fan Liu, Ignacio Torres-Aleman, Bruce S. McEwen, Hideaki Soya

Published in: Diabetologia | Issue 3/2017

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Abstract

Aims/hypothesis

Type 2 diabetes is likely to be an independent risk factor for hippocampal-based memory dysfunction, although this complication has yet to be investigated in detail. As dysregulated glycometabolism in peripheral tissues is a key symptom of type 2 diabetes, it is hypothesised that diabetes-mediated memory dysfunction is also caused by hippocampal glycometabolic dysfunction. If so, such dysfunction should also be ameliorated with moderate exercise by normalising hippocampal glycometabolism, since 4 weeks of moderate exercise enhances memory function and local hippocampal glycogen levels in normal animals.

Methods

The hippocampal glycometabolism in OLETF rats (model of human type 2 diabetes) was assessed and, subsequently, the effects of exercise on memory function and hippocampal glycometabolism were investigated.

Results

OLETF rats, which have memory dysfunction, exhibited higher levels of glycogen in the hippocampus than did control rats, and breakdown of hippocampal glycogen with a single bout of exercise remained unimpaired. However, OLETF rats expressed lower levels of hippocampal monocarboxylate transporter 2 (MCT2, a transporter for lactate to neurons). Four weeks of moderate exercise improved spatial memory accompanied by further increase in hippocampal glycogen levels and restoration of MCT2 expression independent of neurotrophic factor and clinical symptoms in OLETF rats.

Conclusions/interpretation

Our findings are the first to describe detailed profiles of glycometabolism in the type 2 diabetic hippocampus and to show that 4 weeks of moderate exercise improves memory dysfunction in type 2 diabetes via amelioration of dysregulated hippocampal glycometabolism. Dysregulated hippocampal lactate-transport-related glycometabolism is a possible aetiology of type-2-diabetes-mediated memory dysfunction.
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Metadata
Title
Moderate exercise ameliorates dysregulated hippocampal glycometabolism and memory function in a rat model of type 2 diabetes
Authors
Takeru Shima
Takashi Matsui
Subrina Jesmin
Masahiro Okamoto
Mariko Soya
Koshiro Inoue
Yu-Fan Liu
Ignacio Torres-Aleman
Bruce S. McEwen
Hideaki Soya
Publication date
01-03-2017
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Diabetologia / Issue 3/2017
Print ISSN: 0012-186X
Electronic ISSN: 1432-0428
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-016-4164-4

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