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31-10-2023 | Miscarriage | Original Article

A retrospective cohort study evaluating pregnancy outcomes in women with MIDD

Authors: B. Sanchez-Lechuga, M. Salvucci, N. Ng, B. Kinsley, M. Hatunic, M. Kennelly, J. Edwards, A. Fleming, B. Byrne, M. M. Byrne

Published in: Acta Diabetologica | Issue 3/2024

Abstract

Aims

The most common pathogenic mitochondrial mutation associated with mitochondrial disease is m.3243A>G. Increased obstetric complications, such as spontaneous abortion, gestational diabetes (GDM), preterm delivery, and preeclampsia, have been reported in women carrying this mutation. We aimed to determine the fetal and maternal outcomes in pregnant women with mitochondrial disease.

Methods

We retrospectively studied the obstetric and perinatal outcomes in 88 pregnancies of 26 women with genetically confirmed mitochondrial disease (m.3243A>G in the MTTL1 gene (n = 25); m.12258C>A in the MT-TS2 gene (n = 1)). Outcomes included pregnancy related complications, mode of delivery, gestational age at delivery and birthweight.

Results

Mean heteroplasmy rate was 18%. The miscarriage rate was higher than background at 25%. 21 pregnancies (24%) were complicated by GDM; 9 pregnancies (13.6%) had a preterm delivery and 2 of them (3%) an extreme premature delivery < 32 weeks. One woman had preeclampsia and one had a postpartum hemorrhage. The caesarean section (CS) rate was 20%. For every unit increase in maternal heteroplasmy levels there was a 26% increased risk of undergoing an assisted operative vaginal delivery (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.04–1.53, P = 0.002, Bonferroni corrected P = 0.005) and an 18% increased risk of undergoing a CS (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.01–1.39, P = 0.01, Bonferroni corrected P = 0.03) compared to a spontaneous vaginal delivery. There was a statistical significant correlation between maternal and offspring heteroplasmy levels. Spearman correlation rho = 0.96, 95% CI 0.78–0.99, P = 0.0002.

Conclusion

Women with mitochondrial disease appear to have more frequent obstetric complications including miscarriage and GDM. Pre-pregnancy diagnosis of m.3243A>G will enable the counseling of women and increase awareness of possible obstetric complications.

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Title: A retrospective cohort study evaluating pregnancy outcomes in women with MIDD
Authors: B. Sanchez-Lechuga
M. Salvucci
N. Ng
B. Kinsley
M. Hatunic
M. Kennelly
J. Edwards
A. Fleming
B. Byrne
M. M. Byrne
Publication date: 31-10-2023
Publisher: Springer Milan
Keywords: Miscarriage
Pre-Eclampsia
Sectio Caesarea
Sectio Ceasarea
Published in: Acta Diabetologica / Issue 3/2024
Print ISSN: 0940-5429
Electronic ISSN: 1432-5233
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-023-02202-z

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