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BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies

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Open Access 01-12-2023 | Melanoma | Research

Nano-scaled emulsion and nanogel containing Mentha pulegium essential oil: cytotoxicity on human melanoma cells and effects on apoptosis regulator genes

Authors: Sareh Azadi, Mahmoud Osanloo, Elham Zarenezhad, Mojtaba Farjam, Akram Jalali, Ali Ghanbariasad

Published in: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies | Issue 1/2023

Abstract

Background

Topical drug delivery using nanoemulsions and nanogels is a promising approach to treating skin disorders such as melanoma.

Methods

In this study, the chemical composition of Mentha pulegium essential oil with five major compounds, including pulegone (68.11%), l-menthone (8.83%), limonene (2.90%), iso-pulegone (2.69%), and iso-menthone (1.48%) was first identified using GC-MS (Gas chromatography–Mass Spectrometry) analysis. Afterward, a nano-scaled emulsion containing the essential oil with a droplet size of 7.70 ± 1 nm was prepared. Nanogel containing the essential oil was then prepared by adding (2% w/v) carboxymethyl cellulose to the nano-scaled emulsion. Moreover, the successful loading of M. pulegium essential oil in the nano-scaled emulsion and nanogel was confirmed using ATR-FTIR (Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier Transform InfraRed) analysis. Then, human A375 melanoma cells were treated with different concentrations of samples, the MTT assay evaluated cell viability, and cell apoptosis was confirmed by flow cytometry. In addition, the expression of apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes, including Bax and Bcl-2, was evaluated using the qPCR (quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction) technique.

Results

The results showed that cell viability was reduced by 90 and 45% after treatment with 300 μg/mL of the nanogel and nano-scaled emulsion. As confirmed by flow cytometry, this effect was mediated by apoptosis. Furthermore, gene expression analysis showed up-regulation of Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-2 genes. Therefore, the prepared nanogel, with high efficacy, could be considered a potent anticancer agent for supplementary medicine and in vivo research.

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Title: Nano-scaled emulsion and nanogel containing Mentha pulegium essential oil: cytotoxicity on human melanoma cells and effects on apoptosis regulator genes
Authors: Sareh Azadi
Mahmoud Osanloo
Elham Zarenezhad
Mojtaba Farjam
Akram Jalali
Ali Ghanbariasad
Publication date: 01-12-2023
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keywords: Melanoma
Melanoma
Skin Cancer
Published in: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies / Issue 1/2023
Electronic ISSN: 2662-7671
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-023-03834-y

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Nano-scaled emulsion and nanogel containing Mentha pulegium essential oil: cytotoxicity on human melanoma cells and effects on apoptosis regulator genes

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

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