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Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology

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29-08-2023 | Melanoma | Research

Circulating vitamin D concentration and risk of 14 cancers: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study

Authors: Yuxuan Dai, Yu Chen, Yifu Pu, Rui Jiang

Published in: Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology | Issue 17/2023

Abstract

Background

Observational studies have revealed relationships between circulating vitamin D concentrations and the risk of different types of cancer, although the potential causal relationship remains controversial. This study aims to investigate the presence of a causal relationship between circulating vitamin D concentrations and the risk of different types of cancer.

Methods

Summary statistics from corresponding genome-wide association studies (GWASs) were used to investigate the causal relationship between circulating vitamin D concentrations and the risk of 14 cancers. A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using inverse-variance weighting (IVW) as the primary method was performed. Additionally, the results were verified using four other methods, including MR-Egger, weighted median, weighted mode, and simple mode. Multiple sensitivity analyses were conducted to ensure the robustness of our MR findings.

Results

The MR analysis showed no causal relationship between circulating vitamin D concentrations and most types of cancer, except for a causal relationship with melanoma skin cancer (MSC) (odds ratio [OR]_IVW = 1.003, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.001–1.005, P = 0.004). Conversely, reverse MR revealed a causal relationship between circulating vitamin D concentration and colorectal cancer (OR_IVW = 0.398, 95% CI 0.195–0.813, P = 0.01; OR_{weighted median} = 0.352, 95% CI 0.135–0.917, P = 0.03).

Conclusions

Our findings provide support for a causal relationship between circulating vitamin D concentration and risk of MSC. Additionally, we found a causal relationship between circulating vitamin D concentration and risk of colorectal cancer in reverse-MR analysis. This evidence indicate that vitamin D is of great significance in the prevention and treatment of MSC and the prognosis of colorectal cancer.

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Title: Circulating vitamin D concentration and risk of 14 cancers: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Yuxuan Dai
Yu Chen
Yifu Pu
Rui Jiang
Publication date: 29-08-2023
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Keywords: Melanoma
Melanoma
Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal Cancer
Skin Cancer
Published in: Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology / Issue 17/2023
Print ISSN: 0171-5216
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1335
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-023-05322-9

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