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Acta Diabetologica
Published in: Acta Diabetologica 4/2015

01-08-2015 | Original Article

Maternal intake of fatty acids and their food sources during lactation and the risk of preclinical and clinical type 1 diabetes in the offspring

Authors: S. Niinistö, H.-M. Takkinen, L. Uusitalo, J. Rautanen, N. Vainio, S. Ahonen, J. Nevalainen, M. G. Kenward, M. Lumia, O. Simell, R. Veijola, J. Ilonen, M. Knip, S. M. Virtanen

Published in: Acta Diabetologica | Issue 4/2015

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Abstract

Aims

We examined maternal dietary intake of fatty acids and foods which are sources of fatty acids during lactation and whether they are associated with the risk of preclinical and clinical type 1 diabetes in the offspring.

Methods

The subjects comprised a cohort of 2,939 mother–child pairs from the prospective Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention Study. Composition of maternal diet during the third month of lactation was assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire. Among the children with HLA-conferred susceptibility to type 1 diabetes, 172 developed preclinical and 81 clinical diabetes. Average follow-up for preclinical type 1 diabetes was 7.5 years (range 0.2–14.0 years) and for clinical type 1 diabetes 7.7 years (0.2–14.0 years).

Results

Maternal intake of fatty acids during lactation was not associated with the risk of type 1 diabetes in the offspring. After adjusting for putative confounders, maternal total consumption of red meat and meat products during lactation was associated both with increased risk for preclinical [hazard ratio (HR) 1.19, 95 % CI 1.02–1.40, p = 0.038] and clinical type 1 diabetes (HR 1.27, 95 % CI 1.06–1.52, p = 0.025). In particular, consumption of processed meat products showed an association with increased risk for type 1 diabetes (HR 1.23, 95 % CI 1.02–1.48, p = 0.045). Maternal use of vegetable oils was associated with increased risk for preclinical type 1 diabetes (HR 1.21, 95 % CI 1.03–1.41, p = 0.023).

Conclusions

Maternal consumption of red meat, especially processed meat, during lactation may increase the risk of type 1 diabetes.
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Metadata
Title
Maternal intake of fatty acids and their food sources during lactation and the risk of preclinical and clinical type 1 diabetes in the offspring
Authors
S. Niinistö
H.-M. Takkinen
L. Uusitalo
J. Rautanen
N. Vainio
S. Ahonen
J. Nevalainen
M. G. Kenward
M. Lumia
O. Simell
R. Veijola
J. Ilonen
M. Knip
S. M. Virtanen
Publication date
01-08-2015
Publisher
Springer Milan
Published in
Acta Diabetologica / Issue 4/2015
Print ISSN: 0940-5429
Electronic ISSN: 1432-5233
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-014-0673-0

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