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Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery

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Open Access 01-02-2021 | Liver Transplantation | Review Article

Mechanisms of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and implications for surgery

Authors: Benedikt Kaufmann, Agustina Reca, Baocai Wang, Helmut Friess, Ariel E. Feldstein, Daniel Hartmann

Published in: Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery | Issue 1/2021

Abstract

Background

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common form of chronic liver disease in both adults and children worldwide. Understanding the pathogenic mechanisms behind NAFLD provides the basis for identifying risk factors, such as metabolic syndrome, pancreatoduodenectomy, and host genetics, that lead to the onset and progression of the disease. The progression from steatosis to more severe forms, such as steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis, leads to an increased number of liver and non-liver complications.

Purpose

NAFLD-associated end-stage liver disease (ESLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) often require surgery as the only curative treatment. In particular, the presence of NAFLD together with the coexisting metabolic comorbidities that usually occur in these patients requires careful preoperative diagnosis and peri-/postoperative management. Bariatric surgery, liver resection, and liver transplantation (LT) have shown favorable results for weight loss, HCC, and ESLD in patients with NAFLD. The LT demand and the increasing spread of NAFLD in the donor pool reinforce the already existing lack of donor organs.

Conclusion

In this review, we will discuss the diverse mechanisms underlying NAFLD, its implications for surgery, and the challenges for patient management.

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Title: Mechanisms of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and implications for surgery
Authors: Benedikt Kaufmann
Agustina Reca
Baocai Wang
Helmut Friess
Ariel E. Feldstein
Daniel Hartmann
Publication date: 01-02-2021
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Keywords: Liver Transplantation
Obesity
Obesity
Pancreatoduodenostomy
Bariatric Surgery
Pancreatoduodenostomy
Bariatric Surgery
Liver Transplantation
Fatty Liver
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Liver Transplantation
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Liver Transplantation
Liver Transplantation
Published in: Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery / Issue 1/2021
Print ISSN: 1435-2443
Electronic ISSN: 1435-2451
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00423-020-01965-1

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Mechanisms of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and implications for surgery

Abstract

Background

Purpose

Conclusion

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Purpose

Conclusion

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